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When the product family (PF) and the supply chain designs (SCD) are aligned and integrated, original equipment manufacturers (OEM) are more likely to improve their operational performance. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, which demonstrates how both the product and the supply chain can simultaneously be designed based on real-time data. At the heart of the proposed model is the utilisation of a cloud-based management system comprising of three steps. In the first step, a generic bill of materials is modelled to design a set of product families using “AND” and “OR” nodes. In the second step, a cloud-based framework is designed to manage real-time costs viz. echelons. In the third step, a mixed integer linear programming model is then applied, which optimizes the SCD based on real-time costs. We use a metaheuristic method based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) to solve the optimization problem. We further illustrate the model using power transformer numerical example. Then the critical parameters of GA are examined to determine the best settings. We believe that the proposed SCD is an intelligent and expert management system, which can facilitate effective decision-making support by taking into account real-time cost data. This is particularly important when there are uncertain and volatile market conditions.
Syed Imran Ali; Abdilahi Ali; Muhanad AlKilabi; Michael Christie. Optimal supply chain design with product family: A cloud-based framework with real-time data consideration. Computers & Operations Research 2020, 126, 105112 .
AMA StyleSyed Imran Ali, Abdilahi Ali, Muhanad AlKilabi, Michael Christie. Optimal supply chain design with product family: A cloud-based framework with real-time data consideration. Computers & Operations Research. 2020; 126 ():105112.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSyed Imran Ali; Abdilahi Ali; Muhanad AlKilabi; Michael Christie. 2020. "Optimal supply chain design with product family: A cloud-based framework with real-time data consideration." Computers & Operations Research 126, no. : 105112.
Relational values are values of desirable relationships between people and nature and among people (through nature). We report on the approach to capture relational values of nature’s contributions to people in the regional assessment for Europe and Central Asia of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). We present a framework considering indicators along four relational value dimensions about people’s relationships with nature: security and sovereignty; health; equity and justice; and heritage, social identity and stewardship. The framework has been operationalized for three nature’s contributions to people (NCP): regulation of freshwater quality and quantity, food and feed, and physical and psychological experiences derived from nature. We identify ways to empirically assess relational values of nature’s contributions to people at regional and continental scales with social-ecological indicators and proxies, ranging from biophysical indicators to indicators that intersect socio-economic with biophysical data. We conclude that many of the identified indicators can be considered as useful proxies of relational values in a quantitative way. The analysis shows that relational values are essential to consider at the science-policy interface as they are an important set of values that people hold about nature and that go beyond instrumental relations.
Matthias Schröter; Esra Başak; Michael Christie; Andrew Church; Hans Keune; Elena Osipova; Elisa Oteros-Rozas; Stefanie Sievers-Glotzbach; Alexander P. E. van Oudenhoven; Patricia Balvanera; David González; Sander Jacobs; Zsolt Molnar; Unai Pascual; Berta Martín-López. Indicators for relational values of nature’s contributions to good quality of life: the IPBES approach for Europe and Central Asia. Ecosystems and People 2020, 16, 50 -69.
AMA StyleMatthias Schröter, Esra Başak, Michael Christie, Andrew Church, Hans Keune, Elena Osipova, Elisa Oteros-Rozas, Stefanie Sievers-Glotzbach, Alexander P. E. van Oudenhoven, Patricia Balvanera, David González, Sander Jacobs, Zsolt Molnar, Unai Pascual, Berta Martín-López. Indicators for relational values of nature’s contributions to good quality of life: the IPBES approach for Europe and Central Asia. Ecosystems and People. 2020; 16 (1):50-69.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatthias Schröter; Esra Başak; Michael Christie; Andrew Church; Hans Keune; Elena Osipova; Elisa Oteros-Rozas; Stefanie Sievers-Glotzbach; Alexander P. E. van Oudenhoven; Patricia Balvanera; David González; Sander Jacobs; Zsolt Molnar; Unai Pascual; Berta Martín-López. 2020. "Indicators for relational values of nature’s contributions to good quality of life: the IPBES approach for Europe and Central Asia." Ecosystems and People 16, no. 1: 50-69.
Elisabeth Conrad; Ioan Fazey; Michael Christie; Charles Galdies. Choosing landscapes for protection: Comparing expert and public views in Gozo, Malta. Landscape and Urban Planning 2019, 191, 1 .
AMA StyleElisabeth Conrad, Ioan Fazey, Michael Christie, Charles Galdies. Choosing landscapes for protection: Comparing expert and public views in Gozo, Malta. Landscape and Urban Planning. 2019; 191 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisabeth Conrad; Ioan Fazey; Michael Christie; Charles Galdies. 2019. "Choosing landscapes for protection: Comparing expert and public views in Gozo, Malta." Landscape and Urban Planning 191, no. : 1.
Assessments of the value of nature (e.g., TEEB. The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity: ecological and economic foundations, London, 2010) have tended to focus on the instrumental values of ecosystem services. However, recent academic and policy debate have highlighted a wider range of values (e.g., relational and intrinsic values), valuation methods (e.g., socio-cultural methods), and worldviews [e.g., indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) systems]. To account for these new perspectives, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) has developed the concept of ‘Nature’s contributions to people’ (NCP), which aims to be a more inclusive approach to understanding and accounting for the diversity of values held by different stakeholders. In this paper, we aim to critically appraise the merits of the IPBES conceptual framework by reviewing of the findings the IPBES Europe and Central Asia (ECA) assessment. Our objectives are: (1) To review and assess the instrumental and relational values of NCP in Europe and Central Asia? (2) To consider what additional insights into the value of NCP are gained through the inclusion of socio-cultural valuations and ILK? Our analysis demonstrates that the ECA assessment captures a wide range of instrumental and relational values of NCP; however, we acknowledge variation in the availability of this value evidence. We also highlight new insights that can be uncovered through the adoptions of socio-cultural valuation methods and analysis of ILK knowledge. We conclude that the NCP paradigm, with its focus on instrumental and relational values, treats values more holistically than previous assessments such as TEEB (2010). For example, by giving a ‘voice’ to ILK holders, we demonstrated new types of NCP such as carrion removal, along with evidence of relational values including sense of place, identity, symbolic values and sacredness. While the ECA assessments may be defined as an example of a ‘Multiple evidence base’ approach to valuation of ecosystem assessments, the ECA assessment fails to demonstrate how to incorporate this wider range of values in decision-making processes.
Mike Christie; Berta Martín-López; Andrew Church; Ewa Siwicka; Pawel Szymonczyk; Jasmin Mena Sauterel. Understanding the diversity of values of “Nature’s contributions to people”: insights from the IPBES Assessment of Europe and Central Asia. Sustainability Science 2019, 14, 1267 -1282.
AMA StyleMike Christie, Berta Martín-López, Andrew Church, Ewa Siwicka, Pawel Szymonczyk, Jasmin Mena Sauterel. Understanding the diversity of values of “Nature’s contributions to people”: insights from the IPBES Assessment of Europe and Central Asia. Sustainability Science. 2019; 14 (5):1267-1282.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMike Christie; Berta Martín-López; Andrew Church; Ewa Siwicka; Pawel Szymonczyk; Jasmin Mena Sauterel. 2019. "Understanding the diversity of values of “Nature’s contributions to people”: insights from the IPBES Assessment of Europe and Central Asia." Sustainability Science 14, no. 5: 1267-1282.
Atmospheric nitrogen pollution has severe impacts on biodiversity, but approaches to value them are limited. This paper develops a spatially explicit methodology to value the benefits from improvements in biodiversity resulting from current policy initiatives to reduce nitrogen emissions. Using the UK as a case study, we quantify nitrogen impacts on plant diversity in four habitats: heathland, acid grassland, dunes and bogs, at fine spatial resolution. Focusing on non-use values for biodiversity we apply value-transfer based on household's willingness to pay to avoid changes in plant species richness, and calculate the benefit of projected emission declines of 37% for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and 6% for ammonia (NH3) over the scenario period 2007–2020. The annualised benefit resulting from these pollutant declines is £32.7 m (£4.4 m to £109.7 m, 95% Confidence Interval), with the greatest benefit accruing from heathland and acid grassland due to their large area. We also calculate damage costs per unit of NO2 and NH3 emitted, to quantify some of the environmental impacts of air pollution for use alongside damage costs for human health in policy appraisal. The benefit is £103 (£33 to £237) per tonne of NO2 saved, and £414 (£139 to £1022) per tonne of NH3 saved.
Laurence Jones; Alice Milne; Jane Hall; Gina Mills; Allan Provins; Michael Christie. Valuing Improvements in Biodiversity Due to Controls on Atmospheric Nitrogen Pollution. Ecological Economics 2018, 152, 358 -366.
AMA StyleLaurence Jones, Alice Milne, Jane Hall, Gina Mills, Allan Provins, Michael Christie. Valuing Improvements in Biodiversity Due to Controls on Atmospheric Nitrogen Pollution. Ecological Economics. 2018; 152 ():358-366.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaurence Jones; Alice Milne; Jane Hall; Gina Mills; Allan Provins; Michael Christie. 2018. "Valuing Improvements in Biodiversity Due to Controls on Atmospheric Nitrogen Pollution." Ecological Economics 152, no. : 358-366.
Small-scale livelihood projects are widely used in forest conservation and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD)+ initiatives; however, there is limited information on how effective these projects are at delivering livelihood and conservation benefits. We explored local perceptions of the effectiveness of small-scale livelihood projects in delivering livelihood and conservation benefits in eastern Madagascar. Our results suggest that small-scale livelihood projects vary greatly in their ability to deliver livelihood benefits, and that the type of livelihood project (e.g., agriculture, beekeeping, fish farming, or livestock production) has a significant impact on which livelihood benefits are delivered. Many small-scale livelihood projects, regardless of project type, are perceived to contribute to forest conservation efforts. Our study highlights that small-scale livelihood projects have the potential to contribute to both improved livelihoods and enhanced forest conservation, but also illustrates the need for more information on the factors that lead to project success.
Celia A. Harvey; Andoniaina M. Rambeloson; Tokihenintsoa Andrianjohaninarivo; Luciano Andriamaro; Andriambolantsoa Rasolohery; Jeannicq Randrianarisoa; Soloson Ramanahadray; Michael Christie; Ewa Siwicka; Kyriaki Remoundou; Sergio Vílchez-Mendoza; James L. MacKinnon. Local Perceptions of the Livelihood and Conservation Benefits of Small-Scale Livelihood Projects in Rural Madagascar. Society & Natural Resources 2018, 31, 1045 -1063.
AMA StyleCelia A. Harvey, Andoniaina M. Rambeloson, Tokihenintsoa Andrianjohaninarivo, Luciano Andriamaro, Andriambolantsoa Rasolohery, Jeannicq Randrianarisoa, Soloson Ramanahadray, Michael Christie, Ewa Siwicka, Kyriaki Remoundou, Sergio Vílchez-Mendoza, James L. MacKinnon. Local Perceptions of the Livelihood and Conservation Benefits of Small-Scale Livelihood Projects in Rural Madagascar. Society & Natural Resources. 2018; 31 (9):1045-1063.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCelia A. Harvey; Andoniaina M. Rambeloson; Tokihenintsoa Andrianjohaninarivo; Luciano Andriamaro; Andriambolantsoa Rasolohery; Jeannicq Randrianarisoa; Soloson Ramanahadray; Michael Christie; Ewa Siwicka; Kyriaki Remoundou; Sergio Vílchez-Mendoza; James L. MacKinnon. 2018. "Local Perceptions of the Livelihood and Conservation Benefits of Small-Scale Livelihood Projects in Rural Madagascar." Society & Natural Resources 31, no. 9: 1045-1063.
Yeon-Su Kim; Sitti Latifah; Mansur Afifi; Mark Mulligan; Sophia Burke; Larry Fisher; Ewa Siwicka; Kyriaki Remoundou; Michael Christie; Sharon Masek Lopez; Jeff Jenness. Managing forests for global and local ecosystem services: A case study of carbon, water and livelihoods from eastern Indonesia. Ecosystem Services 2018, 31, 153 -168.
AMA StyleYeon-Su Kim, Sitti Latifah, Mansur Afifi, Mark Mulligan, Sophia Burke, Larry Fisher, Ewa Siwicka, Kyriaki Remoundou, Michael Christie, Sharon Masek Lopez, Jeff Jenness. Managing forests for global and local ecosystem services: A case study of carbon, water and livelihoods from eastern Indonesia. Ecosystem Services. 2018; 31 ():153-168.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYeon-Su Kim; Sitti Latifah; Mansur Afifi; Mark Mulligan; Sophia Burke; Larry Fisher; Ewa Siwicka; Kyriaki Remoundou; Michael Christie; Sharon Masek Lopez; Jeff Jenness. 2018. "Managing forests for global and local ecosystem services: A case study of carbon, water and livelihoods from eastern Indonesia." Ecosystem Services 31, no. : 153-168.
Freshwater ecosystems contribute to many ecosystem services, many of which are being threatened by human activities such as land use change, river morphological changes, and climate change. Many disciplines have studied the processes underlying freshwater ecosystem functions, ranging from hydrology to ecology, including water quality, and a panoply of models are available to simulate their behaviour. This understanding is useful for the prediction of ecosystem services, but the model outputs must go beyond the production of time-series of biophysical variables, and must facilitate the beneficial use of the information it contains about the ecosystem services it describes. This article analyses the literature of ad hoc approaches that aim at quantifying one or more freshwater ecosystem services. It identifies the strategies adopted to use disciplinary-specific models for the prediction of the services. This review identifies that hydrological, water quality, and ecological models form a valuable knowledge base to predict changes in ecosystem conditions, but challenges remain to make proper and fruitful use of these models. In particular, considerations of temporal and spatial scales could be given more attention in order to provide better justifications for the choice of a particular model over another, including the uncertainty in their predictions.
Thibault Hallouin; Michael Bruen; Mike Christie; Craig Bullock; Mary Kelly-Quinn. Challenges in Using Hydrology and Water Quality Models for Assessing Freshwater Ecosystem Services: A Review. Geosciences 2018, 8, 45 .
AMA StyleThibault Hallouin, Michael Bruen, Mike Christie, Craig Bullock, Mary Kelly-Quinn. Challenges in Using Hydrology and Water Quality Models for Assessing Freshwater Ecosystem Services: A Review. Geosciences. 2018; 8 (2):45.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThibault Hallouin; Michael Bruen; Mike Christie; Craig Bullock; Mary Kelly-Quinn. 2018. "Challenges in Using Hydrology and Water Quality Models for Assessing Freshwater Ecosystem Services: A Review." Geosciences 8, no. 2: 45.
The research underpinning this work was funded through the UK National Ecosystem Assessment Follow-On (Work Package 6: Shared, Plural and Cultural Values), funded by the UK Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), the Welsh Government, the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), and Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC). Writing of this paper was supported by funding from the MASTS pooling initiative (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland), funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference HR09011) and contributing institutions, and by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement n° 315925.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Jasper Kenter; Rosalind Bryce; Michael Christie; Nigel Cooper; Neal Hockley; Katherine N. Irvine; Ioan Fazey; Liz O'Brien; Johanne Orchard-Webb; Neil Ravenscroft; Christopher Raymond; Mark S. Reed; Paul Tett; Verity Watson. Shared values and deliberative valuation: Future directions. Ecosystem Services 2016, 21, 358 -371.
AMA StyleJasper Kenter, Rosalind Bryce, Michael Christie, Nigel Cooper, Neal Hockley, Katherine N. Irvine, Ioan Fazey, Liz O'Brien, Johanne Orchard-Webb, Neil Ravenscroft, Christopher Raymond, Mark S. Reed, Paul Tett, Verity Watson. Shared values and deliberative valuation: Future directions. Ecosystem Services. 2016; 21 ():358-371.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJasper Kenter; Rosalind Bryce; Michael Christie; Nigel Cooper; Neal Hockley; Katherine N. Irvine; Ioan Fazey; Liz O'Brien; Johanne Orchard-Webb; Neil Ravenscroft; Christopher Raymond; Mark S. Reed; Paul Tett; Verity Watson. 2016. "Shared values and deliberative valuation: Future directions." Ecosystem Services 21, no. : 358-371.
We thank the four anonymous referees whose comments substantially helped to improve this paper. We thank Anna Attlee and Althea Davies who helped to facilitate the research workshops; Anna Attlee also for helping to analyse the qualitative data. We thank all the participants of our study for their effort, and the Marine Conservation Society, the British Sub-Aqua Club and the Angling Trust for assisting with participant recruitment. This work was funded through the UK National Ecosystem Assessment Follow-On (Work Package 6: Shared, Plural and Cultural Values), funded by the UK Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), the Welsh Government, the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), and Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC); additional funding was received from the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation through the Marine Conservation Society. J.O. Kenter was also supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement no 315925 and K.N. Irvine by the Scottish Government Rural and Economic Sciences and Analytical Service (RESAS) Division.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Jasper Kenter; Niels Jobstvogt; Verity Watson; Katherine N. Irvine; Michael Christie; Ros Bryce. The impact of information, value-deliberation and group-based decision-making on values for ecosystem services: Integrating deliberative monetary valuation and storytelling. Ecosystem Services 2016, 21, 270 -290.
AMA StyleJasper Kenter, Niels Jobstvogt, Verity Watson, Katherine N. Irvine, Michael Christie, Ros Bryce. The impact of information, value-deliberation and group-based decision-making on values for ecosystem services: Integrating deliberative monetary valuation and storytelling. Ecosystem Services. 2016; 21 ():270-290.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJasper Kenter; Niels Jobstvogt; Verity Watson; Katherine N. Irvine; Michael Christie; Ros Bryce. 2016. "The impact of information, value-deliberation and group-based decision-making on values for ecosystem services: Integrating deliberative monetary valuation and storytelling." Ecosystem Services 21, no. : 270-290.
The theoretical framework outlined in this paper was developed initially through a series of expert workshops as part of the Valuing Nature Network — BRIDGE: From Values to Decisions project, funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). It was developed further through the follow-on phase of the UK National Ecosystem Assessment (Work Package 6: Shared, Plural and Cultural Values) funded by the UK Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), the Welsh Government, NERC, the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), and the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC).Social valuation of ecosystem services and public policy alternatives is one of the greatest challenges facing ecological economists today. Frameworks for valuing nature increasingly include shared/social values as a distinct category of values. However, the nature of shared/social values, as well as their relationship to other values, has not yet been clearly established and empirical evidence about the importance of shared/social values for valuation of ecosystem services is lacking. To help address these theoretical and empirical limitations, this paper outlines a framework of shared/social values across five dimensions: value concept, provider, intention, scale, and elicitation process. Along these dimensions we identify seven main, non-mutually exclusive types of shared values: transcendental, cultural/societal, communal, group, deliberated and other-regarding values, and value to society. Using a case study of a recent controversial policy on forest ownership in England, we conceptualise the dynamic interplay between shared/social and individual values. The way in which social value is assessed in neoclassical economics is discussed and critiqued, followed by consideration of the relation between shared/social values and Total Economic Value, and a review of deliberative and non-monetary methods for assessing shared/social values. We conclude with a discussion of the importance of shared/social values for decision-making.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Jasper O. Kenter; Liz O'Brien; Neal Hockley; Neil Ravenscroft; Ioan Fazey; Katherine N. Irvine; Mark S. Reed; Michael Christie; Emily Brady; Rosalind Bryce; Andrew Church; Nigel Cooper; Althea Davies; Anna Evely; Mark Everard; Robert Fish; Janet A. Fisher; Niels Jobstvogt; Claire Molloy; Johanne Orchard-Webb; Susan Ranger; Mandy Ryan; Verity Watson; Susan Williams. What are shared and social values of ecosystems? Ecological Economics 2015, 111, 86 -99.
AMA StyleJasper O. Kenter, Liz O'Brien, Neal Hockley, Neil Ravenscroft, Ioan Fazey, Katherine N. Irvine, Mark S. Reed, Michael Christie, Emily Brady, Rosalind Bryce, Andrew Church, Nigel Cooper, Althea Davies, Anna Evely, Mark Everard, Robert Fish, Janet A. Fisher, Niels Jobstvogt, Claire Molloy, Johanne Orchard-Webb, Susan Ranger, Mandy Ryan, Verity Watson, Susan Williams. What are shared and social values of ecosystems? Ecological Economics. 2015; 111 ():86-99.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJasper O. Kenter; Liz O'Brien; Neal Hockley; Neil Ravenscroft; Ioan Fazey; Katherine N. Irvine; Mark S. Reed; Michael Christie; Emily Brady; Rosalind Bryce; Andrew Church; Nigel Cooper; Althea Davies; Anna Evely; Mark Everard; Robert Fish; Janet A. Fisher; Niels Jobstvogt; Claire Molloy; Johanne Orchard-Webb; Susan Ranger; Mandy Ryan; Verity Watson; Susan Williams. 2015. "What are shared and social values of ecosystems?" Ecological Economics 111, no. : 86-99.
This paper reports the results of a choice experiment (CE) that values the ecosystem service benefits from extending the current network of marine protected areas (MPAs) in St Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG), Caribbean. We considered two future options: an ?improved? scenario in which marine protection is increased, and a ?decline? scenario in which current protection mechanisms are removed. The CE was administered at two sites (the degraded St Vincent South Coast and the pristine Tobago Cays) and to tourists and local residents. Results suggest that both groups value health protection, fishing, coastal protection, ecosystem resilience, and diving/snorkelling. Values are higher for the ?decline? scenario compared to the ?improved? scenario. Also, tourists had significantly higher WTP values than locals. Our analysis also enabled an evaluation of the benefits derived from alternative policy interventions that may be used to protect and enhance SVG?s marine parks. Stopping pollution from agriculture run-off and sewage was found to generate the highest ecosystem service benefits, with restricting over-fishing and bad fishing practices also being important. We demonstrate economic valuation of marine ecosystem service might be used to design and target marine conservation policies that maximise welfare benefits.authorsversionPeer reviewe
Michael Christie; Kyriaki Remoundou; Ewa Siwicka; Warwick Wainwright. Valuing marine and coastal ecosystem service benefits: Case study of St Vincent and the Grenadines’ proposed marine protected areas. Ecosystem Services 2015, 11, 115 -127.
AMA StyleMichael Christie, Kyriaki Remoundou, Ewa Siwicka, Warwick Wainwright. Valuing marine and coastal ecosystem service benefits: Case study of St Vincent and the Grenadines’ proposed marine protected areas. Ecosystem Services. 2015; 11 ():115-127.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Christie; Kyriaki Remoundou; Ewa Siwicka; Warwick Wainwright. 2015. "Valuing marine and coastal ecosystem service benefits: Case study of St Vincent and the Grenadines’ proposed marine protected areas." Ecosystem Services 11, no. : 115-127.
Colombo, S., Christie, M., Hanley, N. (2013). What are the consequences of ignoring attributes in choice experiments? Implications for ecosystem service valuation. Ecological Economics, 96, 25-35This paper investigates the sensitivity of choice experiment values for ecosystem services to ?attribute non-attendance?. We consider three cases of attendance, namely that people may always, sometimes, or never pay attention to a given attribute in making their choices. This allows a series of models to be estimated which address the following questions: To what extent do respondents ignore attributes in choice experiments? What is the impact of alternative strategies for dealing with attribute non-attendance? Can respondents reliably self-report non-attendance? Do respondents partially attend to attributes, and what are the implications of this? Our results show that allowing for the instance of ?sometimes attending? to attributes in making choices offers advantages over methods employed thus far in the literature.publishersversionPeer reviewe
Sergio Colombo; Michael Christie; Nick Hanley. What are the consequences of ignoring attributes in choice experiments? Implications for ecosystem service valuation. Ecological Economics 2013, 96, 25 -35.
AMA StyleSergio Colombo, Michael Christie, Nick Hanley. What are the consequences of ignoring attributes in choice experiments? Implications for ecosystem service valuation. Ecological Economics. 2013; 96 ():25-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergio Colombo; Michael Christie; Nick Hanley. 2013. "What are the consequences of ignoring attributes in choice experiments? Implications for ecosystem service valuation." Ecological Economics 96, no. : 25-35.
Michael Christie; Nick Hanley; Ekin Birol; Phoebe Koundouri. Evaluation of Heterogeneous Preferences for Forest Recreation in the UK Using Choice Experiments. Choice Experiments Informing Environmental Policy 2013, 1 .
AMA StyleMichael Christie, Nick Hanley, Ekin Birol, Phoebe Koundouri. Evaluation of Heterogeneous Preferences for Forest Recreation in the UK Using Choice Experiments. Choice Experiments Informing Environmental Policy. 2013; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Christie; Nick Hanley; Ekin Birol; Phoebe Koundouri. 2013. "Evaluation of Heterogeneous Preferences for Forest Recreation in the UK Using Choice Experiments." Choice Experiments Informing Environmental Policy , no. : 1.
The economic efficiency of financial support of organic farming has been questioned by economists and policy makers. However, little empirical research has been done in order to evaluate the economic performance of these payments. Thus, the aim of this paper is to calculate the cost effectiveness of organic farming support in achieving environmental policy targets compared to other agri-environmental measures. The cost-effectiveness of agri-environmental measures can be understood as a function of policy uptake, environmental effects, and public expenditure. Taking the Swiss agricultural sector as an empirical case study, cost-effectiveness of organic farming support and other single agri environmental measures was calculated. For this purpose, the sector-representative PMP model FARMIS was extended by three modules encompassing a) life cycle assessments for fossil energy use, biodiversity and eutrophication according to the SALCA methodology, b) public expenditure, including policy-related transaction costs, and c) uptake of agri-environmental measures. The calculations revealed a slightly higher policy cost with organic farming support of 14 CHF/ha for a 1 % average improvement in the environmental indicators, compared to a combination of three single agri-environmental measures (11 CHF/ha), including both extensification of arable land and meadows. In view of an average public expenditure on agriculture of 2.5 kCHF per ha in Switzerland, these differences can be considered as marginal. Sensitivity analyses confirm that the cost-effectiveness of organic farming support is very similar to combined agri-environmental measures. Furthermore, the model reveals that the cost-effectiveness of specific agri-environmental measures is higher when implemented on organic farms rather than on non-organic farms
Christian Schader; Nic Lampkin; Michael Christie; Thomas Nemecek; Gérard Gaillard; Matthias Stolze; Nicolas Lampkin. Evaluation of cost-effectiveness of organic farming support as an agri-environmental measure at Swiss agricultural sector level. Land Use Policy 2013, 31, 196 -208.
AMA StyleChristian Schader, Nic Lampkin, Michael Christie, Thomas Nemecek, Gérard Gaillard, Matthias Stolze, Nicolas Lampkin. Evaluation of cost-effectiveness of organic farming support as an agri-environmental measure at Swiss agricultural sector level. Land Use Policy. 2013; 31 ():196-208.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian Schader; Nic Lampkin; Michael Christie; Thomas Nemecek; Gérard Gaillard; Matthias Stolze; Nicolas Lampkin. 2013. "Evaluation of cost-effectiveness of organic farming support as an agri-environmental measure at Swiss agricultural sector level." Land Use Policy 31, no. : 196-208.
Biodiversity supports a range of ecosystems services that are of fundamental importance to people in poor countries. Economic valuation of biodiversity is important for the development of policies that protect biodiversity and alleviate poverty. This paper provides an evaluation of monetary and non-monetary techniques for assessing the value of biodiversity to people in least developed countries (LDCs). Specifically, research questions include: 1) To what extent have monetary and non-monetary techniques been used to assess the value of biodiversity and ecosystem services in LDCs? 2) What are the key methodological, practical, epistemological and policy challenges to assessing the value of biodiversity and ecosystem services in LDCs? 3) How can valuation methods be improved to allow more accurate valuation in LDCs? (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe
Mike Christie; Ioan Fazey; Rob Cooper; Tony Hyde; Jasper O. Kenter. An evaluation of monetary and non-monetary techniques for assessing the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem services to people in countries with developing economies. Ecological Economics 2012, 83, 67 -78.
AMA StyleMike Christie, Ioan Fazey, Rob Cooper, Tony Hyde, Jasper O. Kenter. An evaluation of monetary and non-monetary techniques for assessing the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem services to people in countries with developing economies. Ecological Economics. 2012; 83 ():67-78.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMike Christie; Ioan Fazey; Rob Cooper; Tony Hyde; Jasper O. Kenter. 2012. "An evaluation of monetary and non-monetary techniques for assessing the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem services to people in countries with developing economies." Ecological Economics 83, no. : 67-78.
Despite significant conservation efforts, global biodiversity continues to decline. A key contributing factor has been a failure to fully recognise the range of ecosystem service benefits provided by biodiversity. In this paper, we use a case study relating to Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in England and Wales to demonstrate the potential ecosystem service benefits that can be derived from biodiversity conservation policies. Our approach involved three stages: (1) a choice experiment to assess the economic value of ecosystem services delivered by SSSI sites; (2) a ?weighting matrix? to (a) assign ecosystem services to the different SSSI habitats and (b) identify the contribution that conservation management on SSSIs has on the delivery of these services; (3) estimation of the aggregated economic value of ecosystem services directly attributable to conservation management on SSSI sites. The public are willing to pay ?956 m annually to secure the levels of services and benefits currently delivered by SSSI conservation activities, and a further ?769 million to secure the benefits that would be delivered if SSSIs were all in favourable condition. These benefit estimates significantly exceed the annual ?111 million costs of managing SSSIs, demonstrating that investing in biodiversity conservation can be cost effective.Peer reviewe
Mike Christie; Matt Rayment. An economic assessment of the ecosystem service benefits derived from the SSSI biodiversity conservation policy in England and Wales. Ecosystem Services 2012, 1, 70 -84.
AMA StyleMike Christie, Matt Rayment. An economic assessment of the ecosystem service benefits derived from the SSSI biodiversity conservation policy in England and Wales. Ecosystem Services. 2012; 1 (1):70-84.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMike Christie; Matt Rayment. 2012. "An economic assessment of the ecosystem service benefits derived from the SSSI biodiversity conservation policy in England and Wales." Ecosystem Services 1, no. 1: 70-84.
This paper gives an overview of the value of ecosystem services of 10 main biomes expressed in monetary units. In total, over 320 publications were screened covering over 300 case study locations. Approximately 1350 value estimates were coded and stored in a searchable Ecosystem Service Value Database (ESVD). A selection of 665 value estimates was used for the analysis. Acknowledging the uncertainties and contextual nature of any valuation, the analysis shows that the total value of ecosystem services is considerable and ranges between 490 int$/year for the total bundle of ecosystem services that can potentially be provided by an ?average? hectare of open oceans to almost 350,000 int$/year for the potential services of an ?average? hectare of coral reefs. More importantly, our results show that most of this value is outside the market and best considered as non-tradable public benefits. The continued over-exploitation of ecosystems thus comes at the expense of the livelihood of the poor and future generations. Given that many of the positive externalities of ecosystems are lost or strongly reduced after land use conversion better accounting for the public goods and services provided by ecosystems is crucial to improve decision making and institutions for biodiversity conservation and sustainable ecosystem management.Peer reviewe
Rudolf de Groot; Luke Brander; Sander van der Ploeg; Robert Costanza; Florence Bernard; Leon Braat; Michael Christie; Neville Crossman; Andrea Ghermandi; Lars Hein; Salman Hussain; Pushpam Kumar; Alistair McVittie; Rosimeiry Portela; Luis C. Rodriguez; Patrick Ten Brink; Pieter van Beukering. Global estimates of the value of ecosystems and their services in monetary units. Ecosystem Services 2012, 1, 50 -61.
AMA StyleRudolf de Groot, Luke Brander, Sander van der Ploeg, Robert Costanza, Florence Bernard, Leon Braat, Michael Christie, Neville Crossman, Andrea Ghermandi, Lars Hein, Salman Hussain, Pushpam Kumar, Alistair McVittie, Rosimeiry Portela, Luis C. Rodriguez, Patrick Ten Brink, Pieter van Beukering. Global estimates of the value of ecosystems and their services in monetary units. Ecosystem Services. 2012; 1 (1):50-61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRudolf de Groot; Luke Brander; Sander van der Ploeg; Robert Costanza; Florence Bernard; Leon Braat; Michael Christie; Neville Crossman; Andrea Ghermandi; Lars Hein; Salman Hussain; Pushpam Kumar; Alistair McVittie; Rosimeiry Portela; Luis C. Rodriguez; Patrick Ten Brink; Pieter van Beukering. 2012. "Global estimates of the value of ecosystems and their services in monetary units." Ecosystem Services 1, no. 1: 50-61.
Sustainable peatland management has recently risen up the UK political agenda as links between peatland ecosystem services and key political priorities, such as rural livelihoods, agricultural production, biodiversity conservation, and carbon emissions, have become established. By adopting an ecosystem approach, something that has become internationally advocated through the Convention on Biological Diversity, to understanding the objectives and sustainability of UK peatland management, this paper reviews contemporary policies relating to three broad categories of peatland ecosystem service (provisioning; regulating and cultural), developed at multiple levels (global to local). We highlight problems associated with incomplete knowledge about complex peatland ecosystem processes and disconnected policies and strategies. The review concludes by discussing the kinds of integrated land use policies that are beginning to emerge in the UK and may shape future peatland management.
Stephen Whitfield; Mark Reed; Ken Thomson; Mike Christie; Lindsay C. Stringer; Claire H. Quinn; Russell Anderson; Andrew Moxey; Klaus Hubacek; Michael Christie. Managing Peatland Ecosystem Services: Current UK Policy and Future Challenges in a Changing World. Scottish Geographical Journal 2011, 1 -22.
AMA StyleStephen Whitfield, Mark Reed, Ken Thomson, Mike Christie, Lindsay C. Stringer, Claire H. Quinn, Russell Anderson, Andrew Moxey, Klaus Hubacek, Michael Christie. Managing Peatland Ecosystem Services: Current UK Policy and Future Challenges in a Changing World. Scottish Geographical Journal. 2011; ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen Whitfield; Mark Reed; Ken Thomson; Mike Christie; Lindsay C. Stringer; Claire H. Quinn; Russell Anderson; Andrew Moxey; Klaus Hubacek; Michael Christie. 2011. "Managing Peatland Ecosystem Services: Current UK Policy and Future Challenges in a Changing World." Scottish Geographical Journal , no. : 1-22.
Christie, M., Gibbons, J. (2011). The effect of individual 'ability to choose' (scale heterogeneity) on the valuation of environmental goods. Ecological Economics, 70 (12), 2250-2257.Environmental valuation methods, such as choice experiments, are increasingly being used to value complex and often unfamiliar environmental goods. A potential risk is that some survey respondents may not be capable of developing and expressing preferences for such goods. The noise from these individuals may then conceal the well-defined preferences of other respondents and affect valuation estimates. We address this problem by estimating a range of models that accounts for scale heterogeneity (which we interpret as a respondent's ability to choose: ATC) and taste heterogeneity. These models are applied to two case studies: amenity from coastal defence and biodiversity. In both case studies, model fit was improved in a scale-heterogeneity multinomial-logit (S-MNL) model (compared to a standard MNL model) suggesting the accounting for ATC (scale heterogeneity) improved preference revelation. A mixed multinomial-logit (MIXL) model outperformed the S-MNL model suggesting that accounting for taste heterogeneity was also important. However, a generalised multinomial-logit (G-MNL) model improved model fit over the MIXL model only for the biodiversity data suggesting that for these data both taste heterogeneity and ATC were important. We conclude that accounting for ATC can improve the reliability and robustness of the results when valuing complex or unfamiliar environmental goods.Peer reviewe
Mike Christie; James Gibbons; Michael Christie. The effect of individual ‘ability to choose’ (scale heterogeneity) on the valuation of environmental goods. Ecological Economics 2011, 70, 2250 -2257.
AMA StyleMike Christie, James Gibbons, Michael Christie. The effect of individual ‘ability to choose’ (scale heterogeneity) on the valuation of environmental goods. Ecological Economics. 2011; 70 (12):2250-2257.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMike Christie; James Gibbons; Michael Christie. 2011. "The effect of individual ‘ability to choose’ (scale heterogeneity) on the valuation of environmental goods." Ecological Economics 70, no. 12: 2250-2257.