Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a prevalent childhood neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiology involving genetic and environmental factors, causes impairments across various life domains and substantial social and economic burden. Identifying correlates to prevent its onset and decrease its incidence is crucial. To our knowledge, our study represents the first case–control investigation of Lebanese ADHD patients to explore potential correlations between familial, maternal, and child health variables and ADHD to enhance understanding of its etiology and aid in prevention efforts. We recruited 61 Lebanese ADHD patients and 58 matched controls aged 6–24 years from all districts of Lebanon. The data to analyze were collected using a questionnaire. We employed statistical tests, including the independent samples t-test and the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. We conducted a multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify the statistically significant factors explaining ADHD likelihood. We observed male predominance (68.9%) among patients. Maternal anemia during pregnancy (OR = 3.654; 95% CI [1.158–11.529]), maternal self-reported stress during pregnancy (OR = 3.268; 95% CI [1.263–8.456]), neonatal jaundice (OR = 5.020; 95% CI [1.438–17.532]), and familial history of ADHD (OR = 12.033; 95% CI [2.950–49.072]) were significantly associated with increased odds of the disorder. On the other hand, breastfeeding (OR = 0.263; 95% CI [0.092–0.757]) was identified as a protective factor against ADHD. This pilot study shed light on risk and protective factors associated with ADHD in the Lebanese population. The results are relevant, as some identified correlates could be avoidable. Further rigorous investigation is required to expand upon the observed correlations and to assist in early detection, prevention, and intervention strategies targeting ADHD.

Background and Aims: Workplace ostracism is a form of social exclusion that can undermine employee well‐being and organizational effectiveness. In Lebanon's socio‐political and economic crisis context, where job‐related stress is high, this study explores the impact of workplace ostracism on interpersonal conflict and job satisfaction, investigating the mediating roles of self‐esteem and psychological distress. Methods: Our cross‐sectional study covered 650 Lebanese workers (mean age of 32.15 ± 10.32 years; 59.1% female; while 72.8% from the private sector). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the mediating roles of self‐esteem and psychological distress in the associations between workplace ostracism, interpersonal conflict, and job satisfaction. Results: Psychological distress and self‐esteem both mediated the association between ostracism and interpersonal conflict, with distress showing the stronger indirect effect. For job satisfaction, only self‐esteem acted as a significant mediator. Conclusion: This study offers insights into psychological pathways through which ostracism affects organizational outcomes. The findings emphasize practical interventions ‐such as mental support, self‐esteem building, and culturally sensitive strategies‐ that foster inclusivity and reduce conflict while encouraging further research across diverse organizational and contextual settings.