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Dr. Md. Shafiquzaman
Associate professor, Department of Civil Engineeeing,College of Engineering, Qassim university

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Journal article
Published: 08 August 2021 in Process Safety and Environmental Protection
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For bioreactors, hydraulic retention time plays a very important role in biomass production. The effectiveness of Algal-based Membrane Bioreactor (AMBR) has not been adequately explored for domestic greywater treatment. The present study aims to assess AMBR’s efficiency for treating domestic greywater operating at four hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 1–7 d. Microalgal biomass production, removal efficiency, fouling characteristics, and net energy efficiency of the AMBR were optimized. The experimental study showed that algal biomass productivity increased with decreasing HRT, and the highest productivity (48 mg/L/d) was achieved at 2 d of HRT. Independent of HRT, 94 % BOD and 96 % anionic surfactant (AS) removals were achieved, while the highest TN and TP removals (59.5 % and 34.5 %) were achieved at HRT of 7 d. Effluent monitoring revealed that microalgae assimilation was the primary pathway of TN and TP removals. Membrane fouling frequency decreased with increasing HRT, and the lowest fouling was found at 7d of HRT. The highest methane yield (0.332 m3/d) and the net energy return NER (1.04) were estimated at HRT of 2 d. Overall, HRT of 2 d would be optimum for AMBR operation and can be modeled as a self-sustainable greywater treatment system with zero power requirements. The present study provides the basis for establishing the guidelines for AMBR design for the treatment and recycling of greywater.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; A.K.M. Ashadullah. Optimization of algal-based membrane bioreactor for greywater treatment. Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2021, 154, 81 -88.

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, A.K.M. Ashadullah. Optimization of algal-based membrane bioreactor for greywater treatment. Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 2021; 154 ():81-88.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; A.K.M. Ashadullah. 2021. "Optimization of algal-based membrane bioreactor for greywater treatment." Process Safety and Environmental Protection 154, no. : 81-88.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Saudi Arabia is one of the countries with the highest number of road accidents and associated fatalities in the world. Speeding has been identified as an important cause of increased traffic accidents, which also aggravate their severity. Road safety improvement strategies are primarily based on the accurate identification of accident hotspots. Installing speed cameras at a network level is an expensive road safety measure, and its spatiotemporal effectiveness should be assessed. In this study, a traffic accident risk assessment framework has been developed and implemented on the 84 km long Buraydah Ring Road in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. The selected highway was divided into 42 (×2 km long) segments using the ArcGIS software. A risk scoring scheme was developed to incorporate both the frequency and severity of road accidents. Speed cameras installation at various segments showed a 70% decline in total accident counts, 53% in accidents with property damage, 84% decline in accidents causing injury, and complete absence of accidents with fatalities. The 48% segments were identified as hotspots with risk level ≥ medium, while the speed cameras installation completely eliminated the hotspots from the study area. The proposed framework can be implemented on major high-speed highways, accommodating high traffic volumes, for hotspot identification and evaluation of various road safety measures in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere.

ACS Style

Meshal Almoshaogeh; Radfan Abdulrehman; Husnain Haider; Fawaz Alharbi; Arshad Jamal; Saif Alarifi; Shafiquzzaman. Traffic Accident Risk Assessment Framework for Qassim, Saudi Arabia: Evaluating the Impact of Speed Cameras. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6682 .

AMA Style

Meshal Almoshaogeh, Radfan Abdulrehman, Husnain Haider, Fawaz Alharbi, Arshad Jamal, Saif Alarifi, Shafiquzzaman. Traffic Accident Risk Assessment Framework for Qassim, Saudi Arabia: Evaluating the Impact of Speed Cameras. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (15):6682.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meshal Almoshaogeh; Radfan Abdulrehman; Husnain Haider; Fawaz Alharbi; Arshad Jamal; Saif Alarifi; Shafiquzzaman. 2021. "Traffic Accident Risk Assessment Framework for Qassim, Saudi Arabia: Evaluating the Impact of Speed Cameras." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15: 6682.

Journal article
Published: 26 June 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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In arid regions such as Saudi Arabia, wastewater treatment (WWT) facilities (meeting promulgated standards) need to adapt their continuous performance improvement (CPI) for long-term sustainability. To achieve this, the facilities need to improve their performance to comply with more strict objectives for broader reuse applications of treated effluent. The present research proposes a CPI framework based on performance benchmarking process for the stepwise improvement of WWT facilities. A grey rational analysis water quality index (GWQI) based on exceedance probability was developed. For weights’ estimation of 11 physical, chemical, and biological water quality parameters, the entropy method effectively accommodated the changes in relative importance of the parameters with including additional future reuse applications. For existing effluent reuse scenarios of restricted and unrestricted irrigation, the GWQI values were found consistent with the modified version of the Canadian WQI (CWQI). The indices’ values (ranged between 0 and 100) greater than 80 showed the efficient operation of four WWT plants in the Qassim Region of Saudi Arabia. Two hypothetical CPI scenarios with future reuse applications (fish, livestock drinking, and recreation) showed an overall decline in the average (of four plants) values of the GWQI (97 to 78) and CWQI (85 to 60). CWQI predicted stricter results for the facilities with parameters’ concentrations exceeding the targets with larger margins and was found applicable for the CPI of WWT facilities in arid regions. For existing scenarios, the assessment results suggest the facilities to control and monitor the chlorination practice. For future targets, tertiary treatment needs to be enhanced for desired nutrients and total dissolved solids removal. The proposed CPI framework provides a platform to initiate the performance benchmarking process for WWT facilities at local or regional levels in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere.

ACS Style

Husnain Haider; Mohammed AlHetari; Abdul Ghumman; Ibrahim Al-Salamah; Hussein Thabit; Shafiquzzaman. Continuous Performance Improvement Framework for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Arid Regions: Case of Wadi Rumah in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 6857 .

AMA Style

Husnain Haider, Mohammed AlHetari, Abdul Ghumman, Ibrahim Al-Salamah, Hussein Thabit, Shafiquzzaman. Continuous Performance Improvement Framework for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Arid Regions: Case of Wadi Rumah in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (13):6857.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Husnain Haider; Mohammed AlHetari; Abdul Ghumman; Ibrahim Al-Salamah; Hussein Thabit; Shafiquzzaman. 2021. "Continuous Performance Improvement Framework for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Arid Regions: Case of Wadi Rumah in Qassim, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 6857.

Journal article
Published: 06 May 2021 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Maintenance of existing household arsenic (As) removal technologies are comparatively difficult due to the use of the sand beds as a filter. Moreover, pre-aeration of groundwater is avoided during filter operation that may affect the removal efficiency. This study investigated the effect of pre-aeration on the efficacy of simple iron nested ceramic filter (CF) for the removal of As and Fe from the natural groundwater. Five CFs at 5 households in the Bagerhat district of Bangladesh were tested for 31 days with pre-aerated groundwater (AGW system) and non-aerated groundwater (NAGW system). Pe-aeration of groundwater significantly improved (p > 0.5) the removal efficiency of As and Fe in the CFs. The filters effectively removed As in the groundwater from 203 - 231 μg/L to 29–40 μg/L in the AGW system whereas the effluent As were >50 μg/L in the NAGW system. Iron (Fe) was also removed effectively and the overall As and Fe removal efficiency were more than 82% and 99%, respectively in the AGW system. Removal of Mn and PO4–P were significantly enhanced achieving more than 56% and 99% removal, respectively in the AGW system. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis indicated that the oxidation of Fe2+ and As(III) and subsequent adoption/precipitation are the main processes controlling the removals of As and Fe in the CFs. Two stages oxidation of Fe2+ and As(III) in the AGW system facilitated to increase As and Fe removal efficiency. The findings of this study suggest that the iron net nested ceramic filters with pre-aeration step is an effective method and can be employed at the household level in As contaminated region.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman. Effect of pre-aeration on the removal of arsenic and iron from natural groundwater in household based ceramic filters. Journal of Environmental Management 2021, 291, 112681 .

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman. Effect of pre-aeration on the removal of arsenic and iron from natural groundwater in household based ceramic filters. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 291 ():112681.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman. 2021. "Effect of pre-aeration on the removal of arsenic and iron from natural groundwater in household based ceramic filters." Journal of Environmental Management 291, no. : 112681.

Journal article
Published: 14 March 2021 in Water
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The evaporation losses are very high in warm-arid regions and their accurate evaluation is vital for the sustainable management of water resources. The assessment of such losses involves extremely difficult and original tasks because of the scarcity of data in countries with an arid climate. The main objective of this paper is to develop models for the simulation of pan-evaporation with the help of Penman and Hamon’s equations, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), and the Artificial Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The results from five types of ANN models with different training functions were compared to find the best possible training function. The impact of using various input variables was investigated as an original contribution of this research. The average temperature and mean wind speed were found to be the most influential parameters. The estimation of parameters for Penman and Hamon’s equations was quite a daunting task. These parameters were estimated using a state of the art optimization algorithm, namely General Reduced Gradient Technique. The results of the Penman and Hamon’s equations, ANN, and ANFIS were compared. Thirty-eight years (from 1980 to 2018) of manually recorded pan-evaporation data regarding mean daily values of a month, including the relative humidity, wind speed, sunshine duration, and temperature, were collected from three gauging stations situated in Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia. The Nash and Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and Mean Square Error (MSE) evaluated the performance of pan-evaporation modeling techniques. The study shows that the ANFIS simulation results were better than those of ANN and Penman and Hamon’s equations. The findings of the present research will help managers, engineers, and decision makers to sustainability manage natural water resources in warm-arid regions.

ACS Style

Abdul Ghumman; Mohammed Jamaan; Afaq Ahmad; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Ibrahim Al Salamah; Yousry Ghazaw. Simulation of Pan-Evaporation Using Penman and Hamon Equations and Artificial Intelligence Techniques. Water 2021, 13, 793 .

AMA Style

Abdul Ghumman, Mohammed Jamaan, Afaq Ahmad, Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Ibrahim Al Salamah, Yousry Ghazaw. Simulation of Pan-Evaporation Using Penman and Hamon Equations and Artificial Intelligence Techniques. Water. 2021; 13 (6):793.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Ghumman; Mohammed Jamaan; Afaq Ahmad; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Ibrahim Al Salamah; Yousry Ghazaw. 2021. "Simulation of Pan-Evaporation Using Penman and Hamon Equations and Artificial Intelligence Techniques." Water 13, no. 6: 793.

Journal article
Published: 29 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Permeable pavement provides sustainable solutions for urban stormwater management. In this research, the potential of rice bran mixed porous clay bricks were evaluated for permeable pavements. Physical, mechanical and hydrological properties along with stormwater treatment capabilities of the brick samples were assessed. The study found that ratio of rice bran and clay soil has significant impacts on the properties of the produced bricks. Water adsorption and porosity increased with increasing rice bran ratio. Compressive strength of brick samples decreased from 29.6 MPa to 6.9 MPa when the ratio of rice bran was increased from 0% to 20%. The permeability coefficient increased from 4 × 10−4 to 1.39 × 10−2 mm/s with the increase in rice bran from 0% to 30%. The preamble clay bricks were efficient to remove turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), five days’ biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and heavy metals (Mn, Cu, and Zn) from stormwater to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for wastewater reuse application. The bricks with ≤10% of rice bran achieved the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard of the desire compressive strength and permeability coefficient for pedestrian and light traffic pavements. The porous bricks prepared in this study can be used to construct permeable pavements and would be a sustainable low impact developments technique for stormwater management in urban areas.

ACS Style

Fawaz Alharbi; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Rafiquzzaman; Ahmed Alragi; Sherif ElKholy; Elsaid Bayoumi; Yassine El-Ghoul. Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1443 .

AMA Style

Fawaz Alharbi, Meshal Almoshaogeh, Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Rafiquzzaman, Ahmed Alragi, Sherif ElKholy, Elsaid Bayoumi, Yassine El-Ghoul. Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1443.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fawaz Alharbi; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Rafiquzzaman; Ahmed Alragi; Sherif ElKholy; Elsaid Bayoumi; Yassine El-Ghoul. 2021. "Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1443.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2021 in Polymers
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The current study highlights a novel bio-sorbent design based on polyelectrolyte multi-layers (PEM) biopolymeric material. First layer was composed of sodium alginate and the second was constituted of citric acid and k-carrageenan. The PEM system was crosslinked to non-woven cellulosic textile material. Resulting materials were characterized using FT-IR, SEM, and thermal analysis (TGA and DTA). FT-IR analysis confirmed chemical interconnection of PEM bio-sorbent system. SEM features indicated that the microspaces between fibers were filled with layers of functionalizing polymers. PEM exhibited higher surface roughness compared to virgin sample. This modification of the surface morphology confirmed the stability and the effectiveness of the grafting method. Virgin cellulosic sample decomposed at 370 °C. However, PEM samples decomposed at 250 °C and 370 °C, which were attributed to the thermal decomposition of crosslinked sodium alginate and k-carrageenan and cellulose, respectively. The bio-sorbent performances were evaluated under different experimental conditions including pH, time, temperature, and initial dye concentration. The maximum adsorbed amounts of methylene blue are 124.4 mg/g and 522.4 mg/g for the untreated and grafted materials, respectively. The improvement in dye sorption evidenced the grafting of carboxylate and sulfonate groups onto cellulose surface. Adsorption process complied well with pseudo-first-order and Langmuir equations.

ACS Style

Chiraz Ammar; Fahad Alminderej; Yassine El-Ghoul; Mahjoub Jabli; Shafiquzzaman. Preparation and Characterization of a New Polymeric Multi-Layered Material Based K-Carrageenan and Alginate for Efficient Bio-Sorption of Methylene Blue Dye. Polymers 2021, 13, 411 .

AMA Style

Chiraz Ammar, Fahad Alminderej, Yassine El-Ghoul, Mahjoub Jabli, Shafiquzzaman. Preparation and Characterization of a New Polymeric Multi-Layered Material Based K-Carrageenan and Alginate for Efficient Bio-Sorption of Methylene Blue Dye. Polymers. 2021; 13 (3):411.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiraz Ammar; Fahad Alminderej; Yassine El-Ghoul; Mahjoub Jabli; Shafiquzzaman. 2021. "Preparation and Characterization of a New Polymeric Multi-Layered Material Based K-Carrageenan and Alginate for Efficient Bio-Sorption of Methylene Blue Dye." Polymers 13, no. 3: 411.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2021 in Polymers
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The adsorption phenomenon using low-cost adsorbents that are abundant in nature is of great interest when the adsorbed capacity is significant. A newly designed natural polyelectrolyte multi-layered (PEM) biopolymeric system-based chitosan/modified chitosan polymer and functionalized cellulosic nonwoven material was prepared and used as an effective adsorbent for Reactive Red 198 (RR198) dye solutions. The bio-sorbent was characterized by FTIR, SEM, and thermal (TGA/DTA) analysis. The swelling behavior was also evaluated, showing the great increase of the hydrophilicity of the prepared adsorbent biopolymer. The effect of various process parameters on the performance of RR198 dye removal such as pH, contact time, temperature, and initial dye concentration was studied. The biopolymeric system has shown good efficiency of adsorption compared to other adsorbents based on chitosan polymer. The highest adsorption capacity was found to be 722.3 mgg−1 at pH = 4 (ambient temperature, time = 120 min and dye concentration = 600 mg L−1). The adsorption process fitted well to both pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich/Temkin adsorption isotherm models. Regarding its low cost, easy preparation, and promising efficient adsorption results, this new concepted multi-layered bio-sorbent could be an effective solution for the treatment of industrial wastewater.

ACS Style

Yassine El-Ghoul; Chiraz Ammar; Fahad Alminderej; Shafiquzzaman. Design and Evaluation of a New Natural Multi-Layered Biopolymeric Adsorbent System-Based Chitosan/Cellulosic Nonwoven Material for the Biosorption of Industrial Textile Effluents. Polymers 2021, 13, 322 .

AMA Style

Yassine El-Ghoul, Chiraz Ammar, Fahad Alminderej, Shafiquzzaman. Design and Evaluation of a New Natural Multi-Layered Biopolymeric Adsorbent System-Based Chitosan/Cellulosic Nonwoven Material for the Biosorption of Industrial Textile Effluents. Polymers. 2021; 13 (3):322.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yassine El-Ghoul; Chiraz Ammar; Fahad Alminderej; Shafiquzzaman. 2021. "Design and Evaluation of a New Natural Multi-Layered Biopolymeric Adsorbent System-Based Chitosan/Cellulosic Nonwoven Material for the Biosorption of Industrial Textile Effluents." Polymers 13, no. 3: 322.

Letter to the editor
Published: 13 November 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Muhammed Ali Bhuiyan; Abdelkader Tawfeek Ahmed; Saleem Saleh Al-Saleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Reply: response to letter to the editor. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 4889 -4890.

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Muhammed Ali Bhuiyan, Abdelkader Tawfeek Ahmed, Saleem Saleh Al-Saleem, Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Reply: response to letter to the editor. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (4):4889-4890.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Muhammed Ali Bhuiyan; Abdelkader Tawfeek Ahmed; Saleem Saleh Al-Saleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. 2020. "Reply: response to letter to the editor." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 4: 4889-4890.

Journal article
Published: 02 November 2020 in Environmental Pollution
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Groundwater in several parts of the world, particularly in developing countries, has been contaminated with Arsenic (As). In search of low-cost As removal methods, the biological oxidation of As(III) and Fe(II) followed by co-precipitation requires detailed investigation for the practical implementation of this technology. The present study investigated the biological oxidation of As(III) and Fe(II) through a combination of laboratory experiments and reactive transport modeling. Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the As(III) oxidation by Fe-oxidizing bacteria, mainly Leptothrix spp. A fixed-bed down-flow biological column containing inexpensive and readily available coconut husk support media was used to evaluate the combined removal of As(III) and Fe(II) from synthetic groundwater. Oxidation and co-precipitation processes effectively reduced the concentration of As(III) from 500 μg/L to < 10 μg/L with a hydraulic retention time of 120 min. A one-dimensional reactive transport model was developed based on the microbially mediated biochemical reactions of As(III) and Fe(II). The model successfully reproduced the observed As(III) and Fe(II) removal trends in the column experiments. The modeling results showed that the top 20 cm aerobic layer of the column played a primary role in the microbial oxidation of Fe(II) and As(III). The model calibration identified the hydraulic residence time as the most significant process parameter for the removal of Fe and As in the column. The developed model can effectively predict As concentrations in the effluent and provide design guidelines for the biological treatment of As. The model would also be useful for understanding the biogeochemical behavior of Fe and As under aerobic conditions.

ACS Style

Abdur Razzak; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Mohammad Alresheedi. Arsenic removal by iron-oxidizing bacteria in a fixed-bed coconut husk column: Experimental study and numerical modeling. Environmental Pollution 2020, 272, 115977 .

AMA Style

Abdur Razzak, Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Mohammad Alresheedi. Arsenic removal by iron-oxidizing bacteria in a fixed-bed coconut husk column: Experimental study and numerical modeling. Environmental Pollution. 2020; 272 ():115977.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdur Razzak; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Mohammad Alresheedi. 2020. "Arsenic removal by iron-oxidizing bacteria in a fixed-bed coconut husk column: Experimental study and numerical modeling." Environmental Pollution 272, no. : 115977.

Journal article
Published: 27 October 2020 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Current microalgal based photobioreactors focus on the secondary treated effluent while limited researches attempted for treating the raw domestic wastewater. This study aimed to assess the microalgal biomass production, removal performance, and fouling characteristics of microalgal membrane bioreactors (MMBRs) for treating synthetic wastewater under different conditions of organic loading rate (OLR) and hydraulic residence time (HRT). The 12h/12 h dark/light cycle continuous experiments were performed for four MMBRs at different OLRs and three MMBRs at different HRTs. Results showed that microalgal biomass production rate (as TSS and chlorophyll-a) decreased with increasing OLR and increased with decreasing of HRT. Regardless of the OLR and HRT conditions, MMBRs can achieve up to 94% organic removal by bacterial oxidation without external aeration. Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removals were significantly decreased with increasing OLR. Highest TN removal (68.4%) achieved at the OLR of 0.014 kg/(m3 d) which was reduced to 58.1% at 0.028 kg/(m3 d). Removals of total phosphorous significantly decreased from 48.2% to 37.7% with an increase in OLR from 0.011 to 0.014 kg/(m3 d). TN removal was reduced at shorten HRT (2 d), while, the effect of HRT was found insignificant at higher HRT. An effective removal of P can only be achieved at higher HRTs, i.e., 7 days. OLR up to 0.014 kg/(m3 d) and 2 days HRT was found suitable for maintaining the fouling frequency at an optimal level of 0.016/d. Overall the OLR and HRT need to be carefully selected to achieve optimal efficiency of MMBR. The results of this study provide guidelines for designing the microalgal-based membrane bioreactors for the treatment of domestic wastewater.

ACS Style

A.K.M. Ashadullah; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Mohammad Alresheedi; Mohammad Shafiul Azam; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Wastewater treatment by microalgal membrane bioreactor: Evaluating the effect of organic loading rate and hydraulic residence time. Journal of Environmental Management 2020, 278, 111548 .

AMA Style

A.K.M. Ashadullah, Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Mohammad Alresheedi, Mohammad Shafiul Azam, Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Wastewater treatment by microalgal membrane bioreactor: Evaluating the effect of organic loading rate and hydraulic residence time. Journal of Environmental Management. 2020; 278 ():111548.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A.K.M. Ashadullah; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Mohammad Alresheedi; Mohammad Shafiul Azam; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. 2020. "Wastewater treatment by microalgal membrane bioreactor: Evaluating the effect of organic loading rate and hydraulic residence time." Journal of Environmental Management 278, no. : 111548.

Journal article
Published: 10 September 2020 in Environmental and Sustainability Indicators
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Different water quality indices were determined to assess the spatiotemporal variations of Dhaleshwari river, specially, where effluent from the central effluent treatment plant (CETP) of newly shifted tannery industrial park was discharged. Thirty physicochemical parameters were examined to evaluate the drinking water quality index (DWQI), irrigation water quality index (IWQI), heavy metal pollution index (HPI) and contamination index (Cd). Pearson’s correlation coefficient was also utilized to understand the interrelationship and coherence pattern among the parameters and indices. DWQI values using CCME method were within the ‘Poor’ (0–44) range (37 at both upstream and junction and 34 at the downstream) and those using W.A. method were at ‘Poor’ (51–75) and ‘Unsuitable’ (>100) level (52 at upstream and 63 at downstream and 103 at the junction). IWQI values showed the ‘Excellent’ (0–25) quality status (a range of 19.2–20.3). Considering heavy metal pollution, HPI values revealed critical (>100) condition of water, and Cd values (> 3) emphasized high contamination of the river water. Temporally, water quality deteriorated in the winter season compared to the monsoon and post-monsoon season. Spatial changes in water quality in junction and downstream side clearly indicated the negative impact of tannery industrial park. Different indices were positively correlated either very strongly or strongly. This study will provide an index-based baseline data that will help the local people in the vicinity of tannery industrial park envisage the different applications of the river water and the policymakers take conservation strategies to save the river Dhaleshwari as well.

ACS Style

Mahmudul Hasan; Shakil Ahmed; Raofur Adnan; Shafiquzzaman. Water quality indices to assess the spatiotemporal variations of Dhaleshwari river in central Bangladesh. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators 2020, 8, 100068 .

AMA Style

Mahmudul Hasan, Shakil Ahmed, Raofur Adnan, Shafiquzzaman. Water quality indices to assess the spatiotemporal variations of Dhaleshwari river in central Bangladesh. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators. 2020; 8 ():100068.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahmudul Hasan; Shakil Ahmed; Raofur Adnan; Shafiquzzaman. 2020. "Water quality indices to assess the spatiotemporal variations of Dhaleshwari river in central Bangladesh." Environmental and Sustainability Indicators 8, no. : 100068.

Original paper
Published: 31 August 2020 in Arabian Journal of Geosciences
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Global climate change is an unequivocal reality that is immensely impacting the available water resources in many regions around the globe. For sustainable water resource management, the present research aims to evaluate the impact of climatic change on streamflow using both the global climate change and hydraulic models. This research presents a novel approach of applying functional data analysis (FDA) to highlight the commonalities and differences between the outcomes of various models for streamflow analysis. Observed temperature, precipitation and streamflow data from 1985 to 2014 of Astore catchment in the Upper Indus River Basin, in Pakistan, were used for this purpose. The precipitation and temperature results of three global climate models (GCMs) were obtained under two scenarios of greenhouse gas concentration, namely RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5. Results of precipitation and temperature obtained under climate change scenarios were subsequently used to simulate the streamflow using the Hydrologic Engineering Centre-Hydraulic Modeling System (HEC-HMS). The FDA evaluated the Euclidean distances between the streamflow data predicted by various models. The diverging trend found in these distances identified some degree of dissimilarities in the streamflow results. The simulations manifest that the streamflow will increase in the study area (Astore) till 2070, while it is expected to decline in the distant future. The concerned agencies can adopt rational water resource management strategies based on the predicted streamflow in the region.

ACS Style

Abdul Razzaq Ghumman; Ateeq- Ur- Rauf; Abdullah Alodah; Husnain Haider; Shafiquzzaman. Evaluating the impact of climate change on stream flow: integrating GCM, hydraulic modelling and functional data analysis. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2020, 13, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Abdul Razzaq Ghumman, Ateeq- Ur- Rauf, Abdullah Alodah, Husnain Haider, Shafiquzzaman. Evaluating the impact of climate change on stream flow: integrating GCM, hydraulic modelling and functional data analysis. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2020; 13 (17):1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Razzaq Ghumman; Ateeq- Ur- Rauf; Abdullah Alodah; Husnain Haider; Shafiquzzaman. 2020. "Evaluating the impact of climate change on stream flow: integrating GCM, hydraulic modelling and functional data analysis." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 13, no. 17: 1-15.

Journal article
Published: 15 August 2020 in Water
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In arid regions, the groundwater drawdown consistently increases, and even for a constant pumping rate, long-term predictions remain a challenge. The present research applies the modular three-dimensional finite-difference groundwater flow (MODFLOW) model to a unique aquifer facing challenges of undefined boundary conditions. Artificial neural networks (ANN) and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) have also been investigated for predicting groundwater levels in the aquifer. A framework is developed for evaluating the impact of various scenarios of groundwater pumping on aquifer depletion. A new code in MATLAB was written for predictions of aquifer depletion using ANN/ANFIS. The geotechnical, meteorological, and hydrological data, including discharge and groundwater levels from 1980 to 2018 for wells in Qassim, were collected from the ministry concerned. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and mean square error examined the performance of the models. The study found that the existing pumping rates can result in an alarming drawdown of 105 m in the next 50 years. Appropriate water conservation strategies for maintaining the existing pumping rate can reduce the impact on aquifer depletion by 33%.

ACS Style

Mohammed Almuhaylan; Abdul Ghumman; Ibrahim Al-Salamah; Afaq Ahmad; Yousry Ghazaw; Husnain Haider; Shafiquzzaman. Evaluating the Impacts of Pumping on Aquifer Depletion in Arid Regions Using MODFLOW, ANFIS and ANN. Water 2020, 12, 2297 .

AMA Style

Mohammed Almuhaylan, Abdul Ghumman, Ibrahim Al-Salamah, Afaq Ahmad, Yousry Ghazaw, Husnain Haider, Shafiquzzaman. Evaluating the Impacts of Pumping on Aquifer Depletion in Arid Regions Using MODFLOW, ANFIS and ANN. Water. 2020; 12 (8):2297.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammed Almuhaylan; Abdul Ghumman; Ibrahim Al-Salamah; Afaq Ahmad; Yousry Ghazaw; Husnain Haider; Shafiquzzaman. 2020. "Evaluating the Impacts of Pumping on Aquifer Depletion in Arid Regions Using MODFLOW, ANFIS and ANN." Water 12, no. 8: 2297.

Research article
Published: 17 March 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) has been recognized as a serious water quality problem in natural water bodies receiving pollution loads from point and nonpoint sources. The present study investigates the spatiotemporal variability of DOM composition in the Kushiro River and its tributaries (Eastern Hokkaido, Japan) impacted by the Kushiro wetland. Water samples were collected in the wet and dry seasons from several locations of the river and analyzed for DOM characteristics by UV-visible and excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy techniques and by developing water quality index. Rather than the spatial effect, significant seasonal impacts on DOM pollution in the Kushiro River were observed. Overall concentrations of DOM decreased during the dry season. The increase of specific ultraviolet absorbance in the dry season indicated an increasing trend of humification, aromaticity and molecular weight of DOM. Five fluorescent peaks, including peaks A, C, M, B, and T were predicted by EEM spectra. Peaks A and C were found to be the most dominating peaks in both the seasons and indicated enrichment of humic-like matters in river water. The intensities of poly-aromatic humic substances as well as DOM components of microbial origin increase in the wet season and proteins like autochthonous DOM increase during the dry season. The study recognized the contribution of freshly produced DOM component by the decomposition of wetland plants in wet season and effect of snowfall in the dry season. Analysis of three fluorescence indices revealed that the river water primarily contains terrestrially dominated DOM. A significant impact of the adjacent WWTPs and wetland to the river water DOM were also observed. The water quality index of river water DOM showed low to medium levels of DOM pollution in the Kushiro River.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Muhammed A. Bhuiyan; Abdelkader T. Ahmed; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Spatiotemporal variations of DOM components in the Kushiro River impacted by a wetland. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 18287 -18302.

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Muhammed A. Bhuiyan, Abdelkader T. Ahmed, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Spatiotemporal variations of DOM components in the Kushiro River impacted by a wetland. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (15):18287-18302.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Muhammed A. Bhuiyan; Abdelkader T. Ahmed; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. 2020. "Spatiotemporal variations of DOM components in the Kushiro River impacted by a wetland." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 15: 18287-18302.

Research article civil engineering
Published: 25 February 2020 in Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
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Mountainous terrains have high potential for the development of run-of-river-type small-sized hydropower plants (SHPs). Prioritizing a large number of SHP sites based on their technical, economic, and socio-environmental constraints with limited data is a daunting task. A multilevel framework is developed for effective decision-making at different phases of the project. At level 1, a screening process (based on subjective rating) prioritizes a larger set of potential SHP sites using fuzzy-based multicriteria decision-making method (Fuzzy-MCDM), i.e. pre-feasibility phase. At level 2, the top ranked sites can be evaluated, with additional data, based on their preliminary design and sustainability objectives using the fuzzy quality function deployment (Fuzzy-QFD) method, i.e. feasibility phase. At level 3, collection and analysis of more extensive data are carried out at detailed design phase of the top ranked sites (in level 2) before their implementation. Impact of climate change on design discharge is assessed for optimal design of the SHP using global climate change model and Hydrologic Engineering Centre-Hydraulic Modelling System. The proposed framework is applied on five potential SHP sites in Swat and Chitral districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Finally, the SHP sites were prioritized and the most optimal SHP site out of the five was designated for optimal design. Decision-makers around the globe can apply the framework for identification of most sustainable sites at similar mountainous terrains and their subsequent implementation through private sector, public sector, and public private partnership.

ACS Style

Abdul Razzaq Ghumman; Husnain Haider; Irfan Yousuf; Shafiquzzaman. Sustainable Development of Small-Sized Hydropower Plants: Multilevel Decision-Making from Site Selection to Optimal Design. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 2020, 45, 4141 -4159.

AMA Style

Abdul Razzaq Ghumman, Husnain Haider, Irfan Yousuf, Shafiquzzaman. Sustainable Development of Small-Sized Hydropower Plants: Multilevel Decision-Making from Site Selection to Optimal Design. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. 2020; 45 (5):4141-4159.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Razzaq Ghumman; Husnain Haider; Irfan Yousuf; Shafiquzzaman. 2020. "Sustainable Development of Small-Sized Hydropower Plants: Multilevel Decision-Making from Site Selection to Optimal Design." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 45, no. 5: 4141-4159.

Journal article
Published: 09 February 2020 in Water
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Sustainable reuse of urban stormwater is inevitable in the fight against water crises in arid regions. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost ceramic filtration process for reuse applications of urban stormwater. Stormwater was collected from a storage pond located in Buraydah (Qassim, Saudi Arabia) for laboratory experiments. The filtration tests were performed in a continuous mode with constant pressure using a low-cost ceramic filter made of clay soil and rice bran. The removal rates of the contaminants (heavy metals) as well as the turbidity, suspended solids, and nutrients of the stormwater were assessed. High removal efficiencies for turbidity (97.4%), suspended solids (97.0%), BOD5 (78.4%), and COD (76.1%) were achieved while low removals were achieved for the nutrients: 19.7% for total nitrogen, 25.3% for nitrate, and 8.6% for phosphate. Removal efficiencies ranged between 36.2% and 99.9% for the heavy metals, i.e., iron, manganese, lead, zinc, nickel, copper, cadmium, selenium, and barium. Contaminant removal rates observed for the ceramic filter were also compared with the alum coagulation process operated in a continuous mode at an optimum alum dose of 50 mg/L. Similar removal behaviors for removal of turbidity, suspended solids, organics, nutrients, and heavy metals suggested that both ceramic filtration and alum coagulation can be effectively used for stormwater treatment. Effluent qualities of both the ceramic filter and alum coagulation met the standards, for recycling/reuse of wastewater, set by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and World Health Organization for unrestricted irrigation and toilet flushing. The study results revealed that ceramic filtration is a low-cost, energy efficient, and easy to maintain technology which can be complimentary to best management practices for stormwater.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Yousry Mahmoud Ghazaw; Fawaz Alharbi; Saleem S. Alsaleem; Meshal Almoshaogeh. Evaluation of a Low-Cost Ceramic Filter for Sustainable Reuse of Urban Stormwater in Arid Environments. Water 2020, 12, 460 .

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Yousry Mahmoud Ghazaw, Fawaz Alharbi, Saleem S. Alsaleem, Meshal Almoshaogeh. Evaluation of a Low-Cost Ceramic Filter for Sustainable Reuse of Urban Stormwater in Arid Environments. Water. 2020; 12 (2):460.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Yousry Mahmoud Ghazaw; Fawaz Alharbi; Saleem S. Alsaleem; Meshal Almoshaogeh. 2020. "Evaluation of a Low-Cost Ceramic Filter for Sustainable Reuse of Urban Stormwater in Arid Environments." Water 12, no. 2: 460.

Journal article
Published: 14 January 2020 in Water
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Countries in arid regions are presently facing challenges in managing their limited water resources. Assessing the evaporation losses from various sources of water is a daunting task that is inevitable for the sustainability of water resource management schemes in these regions. Although several techniques are available for simulating evaporation rates, identifying the parameters of various evaporation equations still needs to be further investigated. The main goal of this research was to develop a framework for determining the parameters influencing the evaporation rate of evaporation pans. Four different equations, including those of Hamon, Penman, Jensen–Haise, and Makkink, were chosen to estimate evaporation from the evaporation pans installed in the Qassim Region of Saudi Arabia. The parameters of these four equations were identified by a state-of-the-art optimization technique, known as the general reduced gradient (GRG). Three types of objective functions used for optimization were tested. Forty-year monitoring records for pan evaporation, temperature, relative humidity, and sunshine hours were collected from the Municipality of Buraydah Al Qassim, for the period of 1976 to 2016. These data were mainly manually recorded at a weather station situated in the Buraydah city. Preliminary data analysis was performed using the Mann–Kendall and Sen’s slope tests to study the trends. The first 20-year (1976–1995) data were used for calibrating the equations by employing an optimization technique and the remaining data were used for validation purposes. Four new equations were finally developed and their performance, along with the performance of the four original equations, was evaluated using the Nash and Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and the Mean Biased Error (MBE). The study revealed that among the original equations, the Penman equation performed better than the other three equations. Additionally, among the new equations, the Hamon method performed better than the remaining three equations.

ACS Style

Abdul Razzaq Ghumman; Yousry Mehmood Ghazaw; Abdullah Alodah; Ateeq Ur Rauf; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider. Identification of Parameters of Evaporation Equations Using an Optimization Technique Based on Pan Evaporation. Water 2020, 12, 228 .

AMA Style

Abdul Razzaq Ghumman, Yousry Mehmood Ghazaw, Abdullah Alodah, Ateeq Ur Rauf, Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider. Identification of Parameters of Evaporation Equations Using an Optimization Technique Based on Pan Evaporation. Water. 2020; 12 (1):228.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Razzaq Ghumman; Yousry Mehmood Ghazaw; Abdullah Alodah; Ateeq Ur Rauf; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider. 2020. "Identification of Parameters of Evaporation Equations Using an Optimization Technique Based on Pan Evaporation." Water 12, no. 1: 228.

Original paper
Published: 14 September 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
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This study aimed to develop and evaluate five simplified AGW treatment options with or without low-cost ceramic filters, including direct ceramic filtration, alum coagulation–sedimentation, alum coagulation–sedimentation–ceramic filtration, alum coagulation–sedimentation–activated carbon, adsorption–sedimentation, and ceramic filtration–activated carbon adsorption–sedimentation. In raw AGW, concentrations of turbidity (14.8 NTU), TSS (24 mg/L), COD (63.2 mg/L), BOD (37.0 mg/L), and fecal coliform (884 MPN/100 mL) exceeded the greywater reuse standards for unrestricted irrigation, toilet flushing, and firefighting. In laboratory experiments, first three treatment options produced almost similar effluent with residual turbidity 1.5 NTU, COD 35 mg/L, and BOD 20 mg/L. Addition of the activated carbon to the last two treatment options enhanced the BOD and COD removals (< 12 mg/L). Multicriteria decision-making was performed to evaluate all the AGW treatment options against effluent water quality, treatment cost, land requirements, and need of skilled operators. Criteria weights were estimated using Entropy method, while the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution was used to final ranking of AGW treatment options. Results found direct filtration as the most feasible option to reuse AGW for restricted irrigation, and for unrestricted irrigation, toilet flushing, and firefighting, the ceramic filtration–activated carbon adsorption–sedimentation treatment process would be the more feasible option.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; S. K. Alharbi; H. Haider; S. S. AlSaleem; A. R. Ghumman. Development and evaluation of treatment options for recycling ablution greywater. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2019, 17, 1225 -1238.

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, S. K. Alharbi, H. Haider, S. S. AlSaleem, A. R. Ghumman. Development and evaluation of treatment options for recycling ablution greywater. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2019; 17 (3):1225-1238.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; S. K. Alharbi; H. Haider; S. S. AlSaleem; A. R. Ghumman. 2019. "Development and evaluation of treatment options for recycling ablution greywater." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 17, no. 3: 1225-1238.

Journal article
Published: 10 September 2019 in Water
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Original Canadian Council of Minster of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) is being used for assessing the water quality of surface water sources and distribution systems on a case by case basis. Its full potential as a management tool for complete water supply systems (WSSs) has yet to be recognized at the global level. A framework is developed using the modified CCME WQI to assess spatiotemporal water quality from groundwater source to treatment and distribution networks in smaller systems. The modified index resolves a limitation of the original index by also evaluating the microbiological water quality parameters which have to be completely absent for meeting desired drinking water quality standards. The framework divides the distribution network in different zones, which are further segregated into districts, to improve the decision-making process. Temporal assessment identifies the seasons with higher probabilities of failures, while the spatial assessment provides an insight on the performance (i.e., Excellent to Poor) of each district in a distribution network. In addition to failure probability, risk mapping gives appropriate attention to the number of consumers in different districts. Application of the framework on two smaller WSSs (population less than 50,000) in Qassim region revealed that the remotely located districts from the treatment facility underperform in comparison to the closely situated districts. Managers can effectively apply the proposed framework to identify the locations and periods of water quality failures in each component (i.e., source, treatment, and distribution) of a smaller WSS for effective utilization of their resources in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere with similar conditions.

ACS Style

Husnain Haider; Mohammed Hammed Alkhowaiter; Shafiquzzaman; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Fawaz Alharbi. Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations in Smaller Water Supply Systems: Using Modified CCME WQI from Groundwater Source to Distribution Networks. Water 2019, 11, 1884 .

AMA Style

Husnain Haider, Mohammed Hammed Alkhowaiter, Shafiquzzaman, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Meshal Almoshaogeh, Fawaz Alharbi. Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations in Smaller Water Supply Systems: Using Modified CCME WQI from Groundwater Source to Distribution Networks. Water. 2019; 11 (9):1884.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Husnain Haider; Mohammed Hammed Alkhowaiter; Shafiquzzaman; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Fawaz Alharbi. 2019. "Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations in Smaller Water Supply Systems: Using Modified CCME WQI from Groundwater Source to Distribution Networks." Water 11, no. 9: 1884.