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Meshal Almoshaogeh
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia

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Journal article
Published: 20 August 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Crosswalks are critical locations in the urban transport network that need to be designed carefully as pedestrians are directly exposed to vehicular traffic. Although various methods are available to evaluate the level of service (LOS) at pedestrian crossings, pedestrian crossing facilities are frequently ignored in assessing crosswalk conditions. This study attempts to provide a comprehensive framework for evaluating crosswalks based on several essential indicators adopted from different guidelines. A new pedestrian crossing level of service (PCLOS) method is introduced in this research, with an aimto promote safe and sustainable operations at such locations. The new PCLOS employs an analytical point system to compare existing street crossing conditions to the guidelines’ standards, taking into account the scores and coefficients of the indicators. The quantitative scores and coefficients of indicators are assigned based on field observations and respondent opinions. The method was tested to evaluate four pedestrian crosswalks in the city of Putrajaya, Malaysia. A total of 17 indicators were selected for the study after a comprehensive literature review. Survey results show that the provision of a zebra crossing was the most critical indicator at the pedestrian crossings, while drainage near crosswalks was regarded as the least important. Four indicators had a coefficient value above 4, indicating that these are very critical pedestrian crossing facilities and significantly impact the calculation of LOS for pedestrian crossings. Four crosswalks were evaluated using the proposed method in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The crosswalk at the Ministry of Domestic Trade Putrajaya got the “PCLOS A”. In contrast, the midblock crossing in front of the Putrajaya Corporation was graded “PCLOS C”. While the remaining two crosswalks were graded as “PCLOS B” crosswalks. Based on the assigned PCLOS grade, the proposed method could also assist in identifying current design and operation issues in existing pedestrian crossings and providing sound policy recommendations for improvements to ensure pedestrian safety.

ACS Style

Tufail Ahmed; Mehdi Moeinaddini; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Arshad Jamal; Imran Nawaz; Fawaz Alharbi. A New Pedestrian Crossing Level of Service (PCLOS) Method for Promoting Safe Pedestrian Crossing in Urban Areas. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 8813 .

AMA Style

Tufail Ahmed, Mehdi Moeinaddini, Meshal Almoshaogeh, Arshad Jamal, Imran Nawaz, Fawaz Alharbi. A New Pedestrian Crossing Level of Service (PCLOS) Method for Promoting Safe Pedestrian Crossing in Urban Areas. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (16):8813.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tufail Ahmed; Mehdi Moeinaddini; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Arshad Jamal; Imran Nawaz; Fawaz Alharbi. 2021. "A New Pedestrian Crossing Level of Service (PCLOS) Method for Promoting Safe Pedestrian Crossing in Urban Areas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16: 8813.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Saudi Arabia is one of the countries with the highest number of road accidents and associated fatalities in the world. Speeding has been identified as an important cause of increased traffic accidents, which also aggravate their severity. Road safety improvement strategies are primarily based on the accurate identification of accident hotspots. Installing speed cameras at a network level is an expensive road safety measure, and its spatiotemporal effectiveness should be assessed. In this study, a traffic accident risk assessment framework has been developed and implemented on the 84 km long Buraydah Ring Road in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. The selected highway was divided into 42 (×2 km long) segments using the ArcGIS software. A risk scoring scheme was developed to incorporate both the frequency and severity of road accidents. Speed cameras installation at various segments showed a 70% decline in total accident counts, 53% in accidents with property damage, 84% decline in accidents causing injury, and complete absence of accidents with fatalities. The 48% segments were identified as hotspots with risk level ≥ medium, while the speed cameras installation completely eliminated the hotspots from the study area. The proposed framework can be implemented on major high-speed highways, accommodating high traffic volumes, for hotspot identification and evaluation of various road safety measures in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere.

ACS Style

Meshal Almoshaogeh; Radfan Abdulrehman; Husnain Haider; Fawaz Alharbi; Arshad Jamal; Saif Alarifi; Shafiquzzaman. Traffic Accident Risk Assessment Framework for Qassim, Saudi Arabia: Evaluating the Impact of Speed Cameras. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6682 .

AMA Style

Meshal Almoshaogeh, Radfan Abdulrehman, Husnain Haider, Fawaz Alharbi, Arshad Jamal, Saif Alarifi, Shafiquzzaman. Traffic Accident Risk Assessment Framework for Qassim, Saudi Arabia: Evaluating the Impact of Speed Cameras. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (15):6682.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meshal Almoshaogeh; Radfan Abdulrehman; Husnain Haider; Fawaz Alharbi; Arshad Jamal; Saif Alarifi; Shafiquzzaman. 2021. "Traffic Accident Risk Assessment Framework for Qassim, Saudi Arabia: Evaluating the Impact of Speed Cameras." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15: 6682.

Journal article
Published: 29 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Permeable pavement provides sustainable solutions for urban stormwater management. In this research, the potential of rice bran mixed porous clay bricks were evaluated for permeable pavements. Physical, mechanical and hydrological properties along with stormwater treatment capabilities of the brick samples were assessed. The study found that ratio of rice bran and clay soil has significant impacts on the properties of the produced bricks. Water adsorption and porosity increased with increasing rice bran ratio. Compressive strength of brick samples decreased from 29.6 MPa to 6.9 MPa when the ratio of rice bran was increased from 0% to 20%. The permeability coefficient increased from 4 × 10−4 to 1.39 × 10−2 mm/s with the increase in rice bran from 0% to 30%. The preamble clay bricks were efficient to remove turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), five days’ biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and heavy metals (Mn, Cu, and Zn) from stormwater to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for wastewater reuse application. The bricks with ≤10% of rice bran achieved the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard of the desire compressive strength and permeability coefficient for pedestrian and light traffic pavements. The porous bricks prepared in this study can be used to construct permeable pavements and would be a sustainable low impact developments technique for stormwater management in urban areas.

ACS Style

Fawaz Alharbi; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Rafiquzzaman; Ahmed Alragi; Sherif ElKholy; Elsaid Bayoumi; Yassine El-Ghoul. Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1443 .

AMA Style

Fawaz Alharbi, Meshal Almoshaogeh, Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Rafiquzzaman, Ahmed Alragi, Sherif ElKholy, Elsaid Bayoumi, Yassine El-Ghoul. Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1443.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fawaz Alharbi; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Rafiquzzaman; Ahmed Alragi; Sherif ElKholy; Elsaid Bayoumi; Yassine El-Ghoul. 2021. "Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1443.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2020 in Sustainability
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Conventional diamond interchanges are facing ever-growing challenges related to traffic operations and safety risks due to increasing traffic volumes and worsening congestions. The agencies are well aware of the high socioeconomic (e.g., user delay cost, fuel cost, and high accident rates) and environmental losses (traffic emissions due to vehicles queuing) associated with the conventional interchange design. This paper provides insight into the different factors that affect the sustainability performance (operational and safety) of a conventional interchange through its redesign into the Diverging Diamond Interchange (DDI) with the increased left-turn demand. It also assesses the need to redesign an interchange to improve the efficiency. Two interchanges that have DDI designs were selected for investigations, and the required data were collected from the relevant agency. The average delay and the capacity were used as the Measures of Effectiveness (MOEs) for data analysis. Numerous factors, that affected these MOEs, were used to design an experiment. This experiment included different levels of volumes, geometric designs, and signal plans. The micro-simulation software (VISSIM 8.0) was employed to calibrate and validate the existing conditions through several steps, including signal optimization and driving behavior parameter optimization. The analysis of the results detected the key thresholds of switching from the conventional design to the innovative design under 90 different scenarios. Finally, the sustainability evaluation of DDI and Conventional Design Interchange was conducted based on their operation and safety performance comparison. The results and findings of this research will act as a guideline for decision-makers regarding when they should consider switching from the conventional interchange design to an innovative design.

ACS Style

Meshal Almoshaogeh; Hatem Abou-Senna; Essam Radwan; Husnain Haider. Sustainable Design of Diverging Diamond Interchange: Development of Warrants for Improving Operational Performance. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5840 .

AMA Style

Meshal Almoshaogeh, Hatem Abou-Senna, Essam Radwan, Husnain Haider. Sustainable Design of Diverging Diamond Interchange: Development of Warrants for Improving Operational Performance. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5840.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meshal Almoshaogeh; Hatem Abou-Senna; Essam Radwan; Husnain Haider. 2020. "Sustainable Design of Diverging Diamond Interchange: Development of Warrants for Improving Operational Performance." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5840.

Journal article
Published: 26 March 2020 in Sustainability
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Urban highways users frequently face disruptions due to construction and maintenance of buried infrastructure. In conventional open cut construction, social costs (vehicle operating and traffic delay costs) are generally high at work zone construction areas (WZCA). Municipalities also bear additional costs due to early maintenance of alternate routes, i.e., non-work zone construction area (NWZCA). Besides, work zone and non-work zone areas together experience significant potential socio-economic and environment impacts. In addition to minimal disturbance to existing socioenvironmental setting and user cost savings, trenchless construction result in agency cost savings by avoiding early maintenance at NWZCA. Past studies primarily focused on social costs associated to WZCA. In present research, a sustainability assessment framework has been developed that includes agency and user costs at both the work zone and non-work zone area. The framework evaluates various traffic detoured scenarios (for open cut construction) and trenchless technology scenario based on all three dimensions of sustainability. Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment (Fuzzy QFD) method has been used to incorporate the interaction between the agency’s sustainability objectives and public expectations for large-sized pipeline construction projects in urban areas. The framework effectively handles the uncertainties associated to data limitations and vagueness in expert opinion for subjective assessment criteria. To evaluate the pragmatism of proposed framework, it was applied on the case of a storm sewer construction project in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. Trenchless technology was found to be the most sustainable construction scenario followed by the open cut scenario with 50% traffic detoured to NWCA. The proposed methodology is also sought to enhance decision making process pertaining to the viability of trenchless technologies in KSA and elsewhere.

ACS Style

Majed Alinizzi; Husnain Haider; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Fawaz Alharbi; Saleh M. Alogla; Gamal A. Al-Saadi. Sustainability Assessment of Construction Technologies for Large Pipelines on Urban Highways: Scenario Analysis using Fuzzy QFD. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2648 .

AMA Style

Majed Alinizzi, Husnain Haider, Meshal Almoshaogeh, Fawaz Alharbi, Saleh M. Alogla, Gamal A. Al-Saadi. Sustainability Assessment of Construction Technologies for Large Pipelines on Urban Highways: Scenario Analysis using Fuzzy QFD. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):2648.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Majed Alinizzi; Husnain Haider; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Fawaz Alharbi; Saleh M. Alogla; Gamal A. Al-Saadi. 2020. "Sustainability Assessment of Construction Technologies for Large Pipelines on Urban Highways: Scenario Analysis using Fuzzy QFD." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 2648.

Research article
Published: 17 March 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) has been recognized as a serious water quality problem in natural water bodies receiving pollution loads from point and nonpoint sources. The present study investigates the spatiotemporal variability of DOM composition in the Kushiro River and its tributaries (Eastern Hokkaido, Japan) impacted by the Kushiro wetland. Water samples were collected in the wet and dry seasons from several locations of the river and analyzed for DOM characteristics by UV-visible and excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy techniques and by developing water quality index. Rather than the spatial effect, significant seasonal impacts on DOM pollution in the Kushiro River were observed. Overall concentrations of DOM decreased during the dry season. The increase of specific ultraviolet absorbance in the dry season indicated an increasing trend of humification, aromaticity and molecular weight of DOM. Five fluorescent peaks, including peaks A, C, M, B, and T were predicted by EEM spectra. Peaks A and C were found to be the most dominating peaks in both the seasons and indicated enrichment of humic-like matters in river water. The intensities of poly-aromatic humic substances as well as DOM components of microbial origin increase in the wet season and proteins like autochthonous DOM increase during the dry season. The study recognized the contribution of freshly produced DOM component by the decomposition of wetland plants in wet season and effect of snowfall in the dry season. Analysis of three fluorescence indices revealed that the river water primarily contains terrestrially dominated DOM. A significant impact of the adjacent WWTPs and wetland to the river water DOM were also observed. The water quality index of river water DOM showed low to medium levels of DOM pollution in the Kushiro River.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Muhammed A. Bhuiyan; Abdelkader T. Ahmed; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Spatiotemporal variations of DOM components in the Kushiro River impacted by a wetland. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 18287 -18302.

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Muhammed A. Bhuiyan, Abdelkader T. Ahmed, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Spatiotemporal variations of DOM components in the Kushiro River impacted by a wetland. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (15):18287-18302.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Muhammed A. Bhuiyan; Abdelkader T. Ahmed; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. 2020. "Spatiotemporal variations of DOM components in the Kushiro River impacted by a wetland." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 15: 18287-18302.

Journal article
Published: 09 February 2020 in Water
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Sustainable reuse of urban stormwater is inevitable in the fight against water crises in arid regions. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost ceramic filtration process for reuse applications of urban stormwater. Stormwater was collected from a storage pond located in Buraydah (Qassim, Saudi Arabia) for laboratory experiments. The filtration tests were performed in a continuous mode with constant pressure using a low-cost ceramic filter made of clay soil and rice bran. The removal rates of the contaminants (heavy metals) as well as the turbidity, suspended solids, and nutrients of the stormwater were assessed. High removal efficiencies for turbidity (97.4%), suspended solids (97.0%), BOD5 (78.4%), and COD (76.1%) were achieved while low removals were achieved for the nutrients: 19.7% for total nitrogen, 25.3% for nitrate, and 8.6% for phosphate. Removal efficiencies ranged between 36.2% and 99.9% for the heavy metals, i.e., iron, manganese, lead, zinc, nickel, copper, cadmium, selenium, and barium. Contaminant removal rates observed for the ceramic filter were also compared with the alum coagulation process operated in a continuous mode at an optimum alum dose of 50 mg/L. Similar removal behaviors for removal of turbidity, suspended solids, organics, nutrients, and heavy metals suggested that both ceramic filtration and alum coagulation can be effectively used for stormwater treatment. Effluent qualities of both the ceramic filter and alum coagulation met the standards, for recycling/reuse of wastewater, set by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and World Health Organization for unrestricted irrigation and toilet flushing. The study results revealed that ceramic filtration is a low-cost, energy efficient, and easy to maintain technology which can be complimentary to best management practices for stormwater.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Yousry Mahmoud Ghazaw; Fawaz Alharbi; Saleem S. Alsaleem; Meshal Almoshaogeh. Evaluation of a Low-Cost Ceramic Filter for Sustainable Reuse of Urban Stormwater in Arid Environments. Water 2020, 12, 460 .

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Yousry Mahmoud Ghazaw, Fawaz Alharbi, Saleem S. Alsaleem, Meshal Almoshaogeh. Evaluation of a Low-Cost Ceramic Filter for Sustainable Reuse of Urban Stormwater in Arid Environments. Water. 2020; 12 (2):460.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Yousry Mahmoud Ghazaw; Fawaz Alharbi; Saleem S. Alsaleem; Meshal Almoshaogeh. 2020. "Evaluation of a Low-Cost Ceramic Filter for Sustainable Reuse of Urban Stormwater in Arid Environments." Water 12, no. 2: 460.

Original paper
Published: 14 September 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
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This study aimed to develop and evaluate five simplified AGW treatment options with or without low-cost ceramic filters, including direct ceramic filtration, alum coagulation–sedimentation, alum coagulation–sedimentation–ceramic filtration, alum coagulation–sedimentation–activated carbon, adsorption–sedimentation, and ceramic filtration–activated carbon adsorption–sedimentation. In raw AGW, concentrations of turbidity (14.8 NTU), TSS (24 mg/L), COD (63.2 mg/L), BOD (37.0 mg/L), and fecal coliform (884 MPN/100 mL) exceeded the greywater reuse standards for unrestricted irrigation, toilet flushing, and firefighting. In laboratory experiments, first three treatment options produced almost similar effluent with residual turbidity 1.5 NTU, COD 35 mg/L, and BOD 20 mg/L. Addition of the activated carbon to the last two treatment options enhanced the BOD and COD removals (< 12 mg/L). Multicriteria decision-making was performed to evaluate all the AGW treatment options against effluent water quality, treatment cost, land requirements, and need of skilled operators. Criteria weights were estimated using Entropy method, while the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution was used to final ranking of AGW treatment options. Results found direct filtration as the most feasible option to reuse AGW for restricted irrigation, and for unrestricted irrigation, toilet flushing, and firefighting, the ceramic filtration–activated carbon adsorption–sedimentation treatment process would be the more feasible option.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; S. K. Alharbi; H. Haider; S. S. AlSaleem; A. R. Ghumman. Development and evaluation of treatment options for recycling ablution greywater. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2019, 17, 1225 -1238.

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, S. K. Alharbi, H. Haider, S. S. AlSaleem, A. R. Ghumman. Development and evaluation of treatment options for recycling ablution greywater. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2019; 17 (3):1225-1238.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; S. K. Alharbi; H. Haider; S. S. AlSaleem; A. R. Ghumman. 2019. "Development and evaluation of treatment options for recycling ablution greywater." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 17, no. 3: 1225-1238.

Journal article
Published: 10 September 2019 in Water
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Original Canadian Council of Minster of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) is being used for assessing the water quality of surface water sources and distribution systems on a case by case basis. Its full potential as a management tool for complete water supply systems (WSSs) has yet to be recognized at the global level. A framework is developed using the modified CCME WQI to assess spatiotemporal water quality from groundwater source to treatment and distribution networks in smaller systems. The modified index resolves a limitation of the original index by also evaluating the microbiological water quality parameters which have to be completely absent for meeting desired drinking water quality standards. The framework divides the distribution network in different zones, which are further segregated into districts, to improve the decision-making process. Temporal assessment identifies the seasons with higher probabilities of failures, while the spatial assessment provides an insight on the performance (i.e., Excellent to Poor) of each district in a distribution network. In addition to failure probability, risk mapping gives appropriate attention to the number of consumers in different districts. Application of the framework on two smaller WSSs (population less than 50,000) in Qassim region revealed that the remotely located districts from the treatment facility underperform in comparison to the closely situated districts. Managers can effectively apply the proposed framework to identify the locations and periods of water quality failures in each component (i.e., source, treatment, and distribution) of a smaller WSS for effective utilization of their resources in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere with similar conditions.

ACS Style

Husnain Haider; Mohammed Hammed Alkhowaiter; Shafiquzzaman; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Fawaz Alharbi. Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations in Smaller Water Supply Systems: Using Modified CCME WQI from Groundwater Source to Distribution Networks. Water 2019, 11, 1884 .

AMA Style

Husnain Haider, Mohammed Hammed Alkhowaiter, Shafiquzzaman, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Meshal Almoshaogeh, Fawaz Alharbi. Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations in Smaller Water Supply Systems: Using Modified CCME WQI from Groundwater Source to Distribution Networks. Water. 2019; 11 (9):1884.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Husnain Haider; Mohammed Hammed Alkhowaiter; Shafiquzzaman; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Meshal Almoshaogeh; Fawaz Alharbi. 2019. "Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations in Smaller Water Supply Systems: Using Modified CCME WQI from Groundwater Source to Distribution Networks." Water 11, no. 9: 1884.

Original paper
Published: 02 August 2019 in Arabian Journal of Geosciences
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Municipalities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are managing their municipal solid waste management (MSWM) systems without a structured performance assessment mechanism. For long-term sustainability, all the key components of a MSWM system need to perform efficiently. Identifying suitable performance indicators (PIs) for the regions without having an established performance benchmarking process is a daunting task. A framework is developed to select the PIs for seven key components of MSWM systems, including public service and participation, personnel, physical assets, operational, environmental, sustainability, and financial. Initially, 87 potential PIs were identified under these components through an exhaustive review of literature and expert knowledge. Interview surveys were conducted with decision-makers from two municipalities and academia in the Qassim Region of KSA to evaluate the PIs against three decision criteria, i.e., “relevance,” “measurability,” and “understandability.” For addressing the uncertainties due to vagueness in group decision-making, criteria weights were established through fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) while the linguistic scores (defined as fuzzy numbers) were aggregated using the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE II). Finally, 61 PIs were selected and ranked, for the seven key components, by the decision-makers based on the outranking relationships. Network maps encompass the selected PIs using the decision-makers’ boundary and leave a choice for including additional PIs in future for continuous performance improvement. A conceptual performance assessment framework has also been proposed for practical implementation of the selected PIs for MSWM systems in KSA and other parts of Gulf region with similar conditions.

ACS Style

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid; Husnain Haider; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Shafiquzamman; Rehan Sadiq. Performance indicators for municipal solid waste management systems in Saudi Arabia: selection and ranking using fuzzy AHP and PROMETHEE II. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2019, 12, 1 -23.

AMA Style

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid, Husnain Haider, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Shafiquzamman, Rehan Sadiq. Performance indicators for municipal solid waste management systems in Saudi Arabia: selection and ranking using fuzzy AHP and PROMETHEE II. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2019; 12 (15):1-23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid; Husnain Haider; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Shafiquzamman; Rehan Sadiq. 2019. "Performance indicators for municipal solid waste management systems in Saudi Arabia: selection and ranking using fuzzy AHP and PROMETHEE II." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 12, no. 15: 1-23.

Research article civil engineering
Published: 01 April 2019 in Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
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A considerable amount of ablution greywater (AGW) is being produced at mosques for cleaning certain parts of the body before performing prayers. In this study, alum coagulation followed by batch and continuous AC adsorption tests was conducted to examine the removal efficiency of turbidity, COD, and BOD to evaluate the recycling potential of AGW. In coagulation experiments, optimal overall removals of turbidity (95.8%), COD (31.6%) and BOD (50.0%) were achieved at 20 mg/L of alum dose. Further, the overall removal efficiencies were enhanced by AC adsorption for COD up to 70.8% and BOD up to 57.2% at 20 min adsorption equilibrium time with 0.2 g/L of optimal AC dose. The adsorption data was well fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were found suitable to characterize the adsorption of COD and BOD on AC. Maximum adsorption capacities were calculated 175 mg/g for COD and 88 mg/g for BOD. Continuous experiments of the AGW treatment process resulted in residual turbidity less than 1 NTU and both the COD and BOD values less than 10 mg/L. Treated AGW was found suitable for unrestricted irrigation, toilet flushing, and firefighting. The estimated cost for a full-scale treatment process (1.02 US$/\(\hbox {m}^{3})\) came out to be less than the existing cost of water production (1.09 US$/\(\hbox {m}^{3})\) in Saudi Arabia. The study revealed that the combination of alum coagulation and AC adsorption is a sustainable treatment option for recycling of AGW in arid and semiarid regions.

ACS Style

Saleh Khalaf Alharbi; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Treatment of Ablution Greywater for Recycling by Alum Coagulation and Activated Carbon Adsorption. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 2019, 44, 8389 -8399.

AMA Style

Saleh Khalaf Alharbi, Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. Treatment of Ablution Greywater for Recycling by Alum Coagulation and Activated Carbon Adsorption. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. 2019; 44 (10):8389-8399.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saleh Khalaf Alharbi; Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman. 2019. "Treatment of Ablution Greywater for Recycling by Alum Coagulation and Activated Carbon Adsorption." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 44, no. 10: 8389-8399.

Journal article
Published: 10 February 2019 in Environments
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Most of the municipalities in the Gulf region are facing performance-related issues in their municipal solid waste management (MSWM) systems. They lack a deliberate inter-municipality benchmarking processes. Instead of identifying the performance gaps for their key components (e.g., personnel productivity, operational reliability, etc.) and adopt proactive measures, the municipalities primarily rely on an efficient emergency response. A novel hierarchical modeling framework, based on deductive reasoning, is developed for the performance assessment of MSWM systems. Fuzzy rule-based modeling using Simulink-MATLAB was used for performance inferencing at different levels, i.e., component, sub-components, etc. The model is capable of handling the inherent uncertainties due to limited data and an imprecise knowledge base. The model’s outcomes can exclusively assist the managers working at different levels of organizational hierarchy for effective decision-making. Performance of the key components assists the senior management in assessing the overall compliance level of performance objectives. Subsequently, operations management can home in the sub-components to acquire useful information for intra-municipality performance management. Meanwhile, individual indicators are useful for inter-municipality benchmarking. The model has been implemented on two municipalities operating in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. The results demonstrate the model’s pragmatism for continuous performance improvement of MSWM systems in the country and elsewhere.

ACS Style

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid; Husnain Haider; Saleem S. Alsaleem; Majed Alinizzi; Shafiquzaman; Rehan Sadiq. Performance Assessment Model for Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems: Development and Implementation. Environments 2019, 6, 19 .

AMA Style

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid, Husnain Haider, Saleem S. Alsaleem, Majed Alinizzi, Shafiquzaman, Rehan Sadiq. Performance Assessment Model for Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems: Development and Implementation. Environments. 2019; 6 (2):19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid; Husnain Haider; Saleem S. Alsaleem; Majed Alinizzi; Shafiquzaman; Rehan Sadiq. 2019. "Performance Assessment Model for Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems: Development and Implementation." Environments 6, no. 2: 19.

Preprint
Published: 30 January 2019
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Most of the municipalities in the Gulf region are facing performance related issues in their municipal solid waste management (MSWM) systems. They lack to possess a deliberate inter-municipality benchmarking processes. Instead of identifying the performance gaps for their key components (e.g., personnel productivity, operational reliability, etc.) and adopt proactive measures, the municipalities primarily rely on an efficient emergency response. A novel hierarchical modeling framework, based on deductive reasoning, is developed for performance assessment of MSWM systems. Fuzzy rule based modeling using Simulink-MATLAB was used for performance inferencing at different levels, i.e., component, sub-components, etc. The model is capable of handling the inherent uncertainties due to limited data and imprecise knowledge base. The model’s outcomes can exclusively assist the managers working at different levels of organizational hierarchy for effective decision-making. Performance of the key component, assists the senior management to assess the overall compliance level of performance objectives. Subsequently, operation management can hone in the sub-components to acquire useful information for intra-municipality performance management. While, individual indicators are useful for inter-municipality benchmarking. The model has been implemented on two municipalities operating in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. The results demonstrate the model’s pragmatism for continuous performance improvement of MSWM systems in the country and elsewhere.

ACS Style

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid; Husnain Haider; Saleem S. Alsaleem; Majed Alinizzi; Shafiquzamman; Rehan Sadiq. Performance Assessment Model for Municipal Solid Waste Management systems: Development and Implementation. 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid, Husnain Haider, Saleem S. Alsaleem, Majed Alinizzi, Shafiquzamman, Rehan Sadiq. Performance Assessment Model for Municipal Solid Waste Management systems: Development and Implementation. . 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid; Husnain Haider; Saleem S. Alsaleem; Majed Alinizzi; Shafiquzamman; Rehan Sadiq. 2019. "Performance Assessment Model for Municipal Solid Waste Management systems: Development and Implementation." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 29 December 2018 in Separation and Purification Technology
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Ionic liquids (ILs) have been investigated as a media for destruction of halogenated hydrocarbons (HHCs) because of their affinity to solubilize pollutants, hydrophobicity, ability to generate and maintain free radicals, and long term stability with superoxide ion radical (O2●-). Three HHCs (CCl₄, CHCl3, and CHBr3) were successfully destructed by O2●- in 13 hydrophobic ILs, including two piperidinium (PIP-ILs), four pyrrolidinium (PYRR-ILs), and seven ammonium-cation based ILs (AM-ILs). The effects of contact time and potassium superoxide (KO2) dose on the destruction efficiency were evaluated using analysis of variance. 1-propyl -1- methylpiperidinium, 1-octyl-1-Methylpyrrolidinium, and octyltriethylammonium paired with bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide were found to be the best performers amongst PIP-ILs, PYRR-ILs, and AM-ILs. CHCl3, CCl₄ and CHBr3 consumed about 8, 11, and 14 KO2/HHC mole ratio to achieve 95% of optimum destruction efficiency. High viscosity was identified as the main drawback of [N8881][Tf2N] and [N4441][Tf2N]. Destruction was moderately fast and steady state efficiency was achieved within 30 min. The strong correlations between empirical polarity ETN of HHCs, work as co-solvents, and destruction efficiencies were obtained with R2 values higher than 0.99. The study presents a useful insight to use ILs as alternative solvents for treatment of hazardous wastes.

ACS Style

Saleem S. AlSaleem; Waleed M. Zahid; Inas M. Alnashef; Husnain Haider. Destruction of environmentally hazardous halogenated hydrocarbons in stable ionic liquids with superoxide ion radical. Separation and Purification Technology 2018, 215, 134 -142.

AMA Style

Saleem S. AlSaleem, Waleed M. Zahid, Inas M. Alnashef, Husnain Haider. Destruction of environmentally hazardous halogenated hydrocarbons in stable ionic liquids with superoxide ion radical. Separation and Purification Technology. 2018; 215 ():134-142.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saleem S. AlSaleem; Waleed M. Zahid; Inas M. Alnashef; Husnain Haider. 2018. "Destruction of environmentally hazardous halogenated hydrocarbons in stable ionic liquids with superoxide ion radical." Separation and Purification Technology 215, no. : 134-142.

Journal article
Published: 31 October 2018 in Water SA
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Arab countries are primarily situated in arid environments and face serious water scarcity challenges due to growing populations, urbanization, and climate change impacts. Reusing greywater, if adequately treated at the point of generation, poses less human health risk as compared to blackwater reuse. Consumers have several reasons for being unwilling to reuse greywater, including potential health risk, religious and cultural concerns, and feeling uncomfortable. There are several possible reuse applications of treated greywater, such as watering plants, floor cleaning, landscaping, toilet flushing, etc. Therefore, it is important to assess consumer perceptions about greywater reuse before its implementation in any region. In this research, a framework based on greywater reuse indicators (GWRI) was developed to assess consumer perceptions before and after introducing low-cost treatment (LCT). Later the framework was implemented for Muscat, Oman. A questionnaire survey was carried out with 110 households located in diverse socioeconomic settings to collect data about general demographics, existing water uses, water sources, greywater applications (after LCT), and in-house plumbing systems. Seven key GWRI were estimated and aggregated to develop an overall consumer perception index (CPI). The study results revealed that CPI improved significantly from ‘very low’ to ‘high’ after introducing LCT. However, governments should provide financial assistance to consumers for improving in-house plumbing systems, based on detailed investigations. The studyrevealed that the CPI can be applied across the globe and can save time and effort for municipal managers, engineers, and policy makers by providing information that will enable effective decision-making.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Saleem Saleh AlSaleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman; Rehan Sadiq. Development of Consumer Perception Index for assessing greywater reuse potential in arid environments. Water SA 2018, 44, 771-781 .

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, Husnain Haider, Saleem Saleh AlSaleem, Abdul Razzaq Ghumman, Rehan Sadiq. Development of Consumer Perception Index for assessing greywater reuse potential in arid environments. Water SA. 2018; 44 (4):771-781.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; Husnain Haider; Saleem Saleh AlSaleem; Abdul Razzaq Ghumman; Rehan Sadiq. 2018. "Development of Consumer Perception Index for assessing greywater reuse potential in arid environments." Water SA 44, no. 4: 771-781.

Article
Published: 03 February 2018 in Water
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The aim of this study is to examine the application of a low cost ceramic filter for the treatment of sand filter backwash water (SFBW). The treatment process is comprised of pre-coagulation of SFBW with aluminum sulfate (Alum) followed by continuous filtration usinga low cost ceramic filter at different trans-membrane pressures (TMPs). Jar test results showed that 20 mg/L of alum is the optimum dose for maximum removal of turbidity, Fe, and Mn from SFBW. The filter can be operated at a TMP between 0.6 and 3 kPa as well as a corresponding flux of 480–2000 L/m2/d without any flux declination. Significant removal, up to 99%, was observed forturbidity, iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn). The flux started to decline at 4.5 kPa TMP (corresponding flux 3280 L/m2/d), thus indicated fouling of the filter. The complete pore blocking model was found as the most appropriate model to explain the insight mechanism of flux decline. The optimum operating pressure and the permeate flux were found to be 3 kPa and 2000 L/m2/d, respectively. Treated SFBW by a low cost ceramic filter was found to be suitable to recycle back to the water treatment plant. The ceramic filtration process would be a low cost and efficient option to recycle the SFBW.

ACS Style

Shafiquzzaman; Abdullah Al-Mahmud; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Husnain Haider. Application of a Low Cost Ceramic Filter for Recycling Sand Filter Backwash Water. Water 2018, 10, 150 .

AMA Style

Shafiquzzaman, Abdullah Al-Mahmud, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Husnain Haider. Application of a Low Cost Ceramic Filter for Recycling Sand Filter Backwash Water. Water. 2018; 10 (2):150.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafiquzzaman; Abdullah Al-Mahmud; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Husnain Haider. 2018. "Application of a Low Cost Ceramic Filter for Recycling Sand Filter Backwash Water." Water 10, no. 2: 150.

Research article civil engineering
Published: 23 October 2017 in Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
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Design of urban drainage infrastructure depends on the rainfall pattern and runoff volumes. Under the current impacts of urbanization and industrialization in the Kingdome of Saudi Arabia (KSA), there is a need to review the guidelines for design of drainage infrastructure. In this study, a methodology is developed to investigate the impact of variations in rainfall on the capacity of drainage infrastructure for the city of Madinah (Taibah), KSA. Rainfall data collected from Madinah Municipality was analyzed to determine the normal annual rainfall (average of the annual rainfall for 30 years). Data consistency was checked using double mass curve technique, and the design rainfall (DR) was estimated by Gumbel Extreme Value Distribution. The Mann-Kendall test was run at 5% significance level on rainfall time series over the period 1985–2015; however, no significant trend was observed. Urban drainage schemes are designed for peak flows based on DR. The true values of DR are difficult to estimate due to uncertainties associated with variations in estimation procedures and data limitations. An attempt is made to elaborate the impact of data errors (both systematic and random) on DR to facilitate engineers in selecting safety factor for design of urban drainage infrastructure. The stormwater trunk-sewer was designed to safely convey the runoff for an area around the Masjid-e-Al-Nabawi. Rainfall–runoff modeling was performed by Rational Method to find the peak flow and Nash GIUH. It was found that there is about 20% change in diameter of trunk sewer for change in return period from 2 to 10 years.

ACS Style

Saleem S. Alsaleem. Rainfall–Runoff Analysis for Sustainable Stormwater Drainage for the City of Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 2017, 43, 1955 -1967.

AMA Style

Saleem S. Alsaleem. Rainfall–Runoff Analysis for Sustainable Stormwater Drainage for the City of Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. 2017; 43 (4):1955-1967.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saleem S. Alsaleem. 2017. "Rainfall–Runoff Analysis for Sustainable Stormwater Drainage for the City of Madinah, Saudi Arabia." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 43, no. 4: 1955-1967.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2017 in Separation and Purification Technology
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ACS Style

Saleem S. AlSaleem; Waleed M. Zahid; Inas M. Alnashef; Husnain Haider. Extraction of halogenated hydrocarbons using hydrophobic ionic liquids. Separation and Purification Technology 2017, 184, 231 -239.

AMA Style

Saleem S. AlSaleem, Waleed M. Zahid, Inas M. Alnashef, Husnain Haider. Extraction of halogenated hydrocarbons using hydrophobic ionic liquids. Separation and Purification Technology. 2017; 184 ():231-239.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saleem S. AlSaleem; Waleed M. Zahid; Inas M. Alnashef; Husnain Haider. 2017. "Extraction of halogenated hydrocarbons using hydrophobic ionic liquids." Separation and Purification Technology 184, no. : 231-239.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2017 in Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
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Geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) usually uses geomorphologic parameters of catchment estimated from digital elevation model (DEM) for rainfall-runoff modeling of ungauged watersheds with limited data. Higher resolutions (e.g., 5 or 10 m) of DEM play an important role in the accuracy of rainfall-runoff models; however, such resolutions are expansive to obtain and require much greater efforts and time for preparation of inputs. In this research, a modeling framework is developed to evaluate the impact of lower resolutions (i.e., 30 and 90 m) of DEM on the accuracy of Clark GIUH model. Observed rainfall-runoff data of a 202-km(2) catchment in a semiarid region was used to develop direct runoff hydrographs for nine rainfall events. Geographical information system was used to process both the DEMs. Model accuracy and errors were estimated by comparing the model results with the observed data. The study found (i) high model efficiencies greater than 90% for both the resolutions, and (ii) that the efficiency of Clark GIUH model does not significantly increase by enhancing the resolution of the DEM from 90 to 30 m. Thus, it is feasible to use lower resolutions (i.e., 90 m) of DEM in the estimation of peak runoff in ungauged catchments with relatively less efforts. Through sensitivity analysis (Monte Carlo simulations), the kinematic wave parameter and stream length ratio are found to be the most significant parameters in velocity and peak flow estimations, respectively; thus, they need to be carefully estimated for calculation of direct runoff in ungauged watersheds using Clark GIUH model.

ACS Style

Abul Razzaq Ghumman; Ibrahim Saleh Al-Salamah; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Husnain Haider. Evaluating the impact of lower resolutions of digital elevation model on rainfall-runoff modeling for ungauged catchments. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2017, 189, 1 .

AMA Style

Abul Razzaq Ghumman, Ibrahim Saleh Al-Salamah, Saleem S. AlSaleem, Husnain Haider. Evaluating the impact of lower resolutions of digital elevation model on rainfall-runoff modeling for ungauged catchments. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2017; 189 (2):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abul Razzaq Ghumman; Ibrahim Saleh Al-Salamah; Saleem S. AlSaleem; Husnain Haider. 2017. "Evaluating the impact of lower resolutions of digital elevation model on rainfall-runoff modeling for ungauged catchments." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 189, no. 2: 1.

Research article
Published: 03 September 2015 in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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Halogenated hydrocarbons are members of priority water contaminants because of their negative health and environmental impacts. In this study, the solubility of three halogenated hydrocarbons, namely, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and bromoform was measured in 12 hydrophobic ionic liquids (ILs) for temperature ranging between 25 and 45 °C. We investigated the chemical structure and alkyl chain length effect of three different cations (piperidinium, pyrrolidinium, and ammonium-based) paired with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion. It was found that carbon tetrachloride and bromoform are partially miscible in all tested ILs while chloroform exhibits full miscibility. For ammonium based ionic liquids, the solubility increases with the increase of the cation molecular weight and alkyl chain length. The results indicate that the solubility of the studied halogenated hydrocarbons in methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, octyltriethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and 1-octyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide is substantial. These results confirm the potential use of ionic liquids as powerful alternative solvents for wastewater treatment. Finally, the predictive capability of COSMO-RS model provided excellent qualitative agreement with experimental data both for temperature dependence and for cations structure effect.

ACS Style

Saleem S. AlSaleem; Waleed M. Zahid; Inas M. Alnashef; Mohamed K. Hadj-Kali. Solubility of Halogenated Hydrocarbons in Hydrophobic Ionic Liquids: Experimental Study and COSMO-RS Prediction. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 2015, 60, 2926 -2936.

AMA Style

Saleem S. AlSaleem, Waleed M. Zahid, Inas M. Alnashef, Mohamed K. Hadj-Kali. Solubility of Halogenated Hydrocarbons in Hydrophobic Ionic Liquids: Experimental Study and COSMO-RS Prediction. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 2015; 60 (10):2926-2936.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saleem S. AlSaleem; Waleed M. Zahid; Inas M. Alnashef; Mohamed K. Hadj-Kali. 2015. "Solubility of Halogenated Hydrocarbons in Hydrophobic Ionic Liquids: Experimental Study and COSMO-RS Prediction." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 60, no. 10: 2926-2936.