The article is devoted to the development of a river flow modeling technique. The paper considers possible approaches to modeling the flow of fluids, as well as an analysis of existing solution methods and the formulation of research problems. The task is analyzed and the main problems that may arise in the course of its solution are identified. A general description of the problem and the formulation of research objectives are given. The advantages and disadvantages of the described methods are highlighted. A comparative analysis of known methods for complex analysis, forecasting the consequences of natural and man-made emergencies using modern technologies of mathematical modeling and a computational experiment with displaying the results in a geographic information system and a study of a mathematical model of a dam breakthrough was carried out. A description of the flood and flood monitoring technology developed in Kazakhstan is given, the results of its practical use in certain regions are discussed, and directions for further development are outlined. Thus, based on the analysis of various existing methods, the goal and main objectives of research aimed at developing a methodology for predicting a hydrodynamic accident as an emergency were formulated. The continuous wave method or ultrasonic pulse echo method is used. Based on microprocessor technology and sensors, an autonomous microcomputer system for transmitting climate data has been developed. A program for monitoring the factors of breakthrough waves in real time has been developed. An autonomous microcomputer system for transmitting climate data has been developed. The autonomous power supply subsystem for satellite data transmission systems includes a set of equipment, the functions of which are to generate and store energy for its subsequent use in order to provide power supply to the equipment. Water level measurement equipment can be different. To ensure the functioning of the system, the measuring equipment will be interfaced with the data transmission subsystem and the power supply subsystem. The pairing of these systems will make it possible to monitor the water level in moraine lakes, the location of which is extremely inaccessible. Technical means measuring the water level must be able to receive data from sensors with different periodicity. The accumulated data is used to predict possible floods and floods, calculate water consumption, and for other purposes. The characteristics of dams and the capabilities of modern control systems based on the use of microprocessor technology are analyzed.

Целью данной работы является разработка гибридной модели прогнозирования последствий селевого прорыва гидротехнических сооружений, таких как дамбы и плотины. Представленная работа посвящена автоматизации процессов моделирования и анализа разрушения гидротехнических сооружений, основываясь на современных методах гидродинамики и теплофизики. Актуальность данной работы обусловлена увеличением частоты и масштаба катастрофических наводнений, вызванных разрушением гидротехнических сооружений, что требует эффективных методов прогнозирования и предотвращения подобных событий. Предложенные в работе методы и модели имеют значительное практическое значение для оценки рисков, планирования эвакуационных мероприятий и минимизации ущерба от чрезвычайных ситуаций, связанных с прорывами плотин и дамб.

Целью данной работы является определение параметров математической модели, описывающей прорывы селевых потоков через гидротехнические объекты, такие как дамбы и плотины. Достижение этой цели позволит соотнести разработанную модель с реальными наблюдениями и данными. Важность исследования обусловлена увеличением частоты и интенсивности катастрофических наводнений, вызванных разрушением таких сооружений, что подчеркивает необходимость разработки эффективных методов для прогнозирования и предотвращения подобных инцидентов. Методы и подходы, предложенные в данной работе, обладают высоким практическим значением для оценки вероятных рисков, организации эвакуационных мероприятий и снижения ущерба от аварий, связанных с разрушением дамб и плотин.

Over the past 15 years, Kazakhstan has experienced numerous devastating floods and mudflows, which have resulted in human casualties and significant economic damage. In particular, events in the Almaty region (2010), the Karaganda region (2014), and the northern and western regions (2024) highlighted the need to create effective monitoring systems for hydraulic structures. The purpose of this work is to determine the parameters of the mathematical model describing the breakthroughs of debris flows through hydraulic structures such as dams and weirs. Achieving this goal will allow us to correlate the developed model with real observations and data. This paper presents a forecasting system capable of assessing the consequences of mudflows. The developed system is based on mathematical modeling methods. Unlike analogues, the proposed model takes into account both the parameters of the reservoir and the features of the river bed. To implement the system in practice, software was created in Python. The experiments showed that the model reliably reflects real conditions and can be successfully applied in various scenarios.

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in resource-limited environments poses significant security challenges, as traditional cryptographic methods are often too slow and resource-intensive for systems with limited power and memory. This study addresses these issues through the development of a novel hybrid cryptosystem that combines Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA)-based hashing with Lorenz attractor-driven encryption for secure IoT data transmission. The approach is twofold: first, hash values are generated from fixed sensor data sources; second, the Lorenz chaotic system uses this data as initial conditions to generate unpredictable encryption keys. The system employs lightweight XOR-based encryption, making it well suited for microcontrollers. A working prototype was developed and implemented on Arduino platforms using the Wokwi simulation environment and tested with real sensor inputs (temperature and photoresistor). Experimental results show excellent performance: zero hash collisions for 1,000 input values ranging from 0 to 1023, total key unpredictability even with minimal input changes, and encryption time under 120 ms on Arduino Uno. The system achieves robust security and 100% accuracy in tampering detection, while consuming less than 20% of the available memory on the microcontroller. Its successful implementation demonstrates the feasibility of hybrid DFA-chaos cryptography in embedded IoT environments.