Introduction: Due to the large amount of scientific evidence on the subject and the limitations and incongruities in previous reviews, the primary aim of this umbrella review is to gather all the information regarding the importance of vitamin D levels in the osseointegration of dental implants. Methods: The literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library, and Academic Search Complete throughout the search expression [“vitamin D” AND (“dental implant” OR “dental implants”)]. Results: The initial search yielded 351 results, but at the end of the process, only five systematic reviews were selected. Conclusions: Vitamin D seems to have a positive effect on the osseointegration of dental implants and on the reduction of dental implant failures; however, it is recommended that future studies take into account the limitations mentioned in this study in order to increase the validity and quality of scientific evidence on the subject.

Background: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory condition caused by bacterial plaque and several factors like diabetes, smoking, titanium bio-tribocorrosion, implant–abutment micromovements, occlusal overload, cement remnants, and poor oral hygiene, resulting in bone resorption. The aim of this review was to evaluate the relationship between titanium metal particles and the development of peri-implantitis, specifically the characterisation of the inflammatory response regarding cytokine profile, immune cell infiltration, and transcription factors up-regulated in the peri-implant sites. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, from January 2004 to January 2025, in three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Wiley Library. The inclusion criteria included in vivo human studies and in vitro studies with a focus on bio-tribocorrosion of titanium particles in peri-implant tissues, and their immunological and cellular implications. Quality assessment of in vivo transversal and case–control studies used Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools, and, for in vitro studies, the modified CONSORT checklist. Results: A total of 27 studies were included, 20 in vitro and 7 in vivo. Titanium particles induced the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α by peri-implant cells, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and RANKL/OPG bone resorption, further stimulating an exacerbated inflammatory response, LPS independent. There was a significant increase in IL-33, an alarmin, possibly associated with implant–pillar micromovements. IL-8 production by gingival stromal cells and fibroblasts, and downregulation of CCR7 can explain an altered leukocyte migration and the mixture of M1/M2 macrophage populations in peri-implantitis. Conclusions: Titanium particle bio-tribocorrosion stimulates a chronic inflammatory response impacting immune cell composition and cytokine secretion in peri-implant tissue, leading, ultimately, to osteolysis. Modulation of the immune response may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies and the prevention of implant failure.

This review aimed to assess and compare the outcomes of the anesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) and Gow-Gates mandibular nerve block (GGMNB) in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. A descriptive systematic review of quantitative research was conducted wherein the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA)" was adopted, and the Problem/Patient/Population, Intervention/Indicator, Comparison, Outcome (PICO) criteria were used to structure the research question. A literature search was performed using PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Ovid. Selection criteria were applied for populations over nine years of age, of either sex, with irreversible pulpitis, and articles published in English regarding conventional IANB or IANB and Gow-Gates techniques between 2009 and 2019. Prospective randomized clinical trials or randomized controlled trials were included in the review, in which anesthetic efficacy or success was measured. After screening, four articles were included. Three studies were randomized clinical trials, and two were randomized controlled trials. The validity and reliability of the individual studies were examined. There was evidence of the higher efficacy of the GGMNB technique than that of the IANB technique. However, both techniques can be mastered through training.

Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is considered the most widely used anesthetic technique and the gold standard for blocking the hemimandible. This method is used in routine dental and oral surgical practice. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze reports related to the IANB technique combined with different local anesthetics. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were adopted to identify relevant studies, and the PICO (Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes) criteria were used to structure the research question. The literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and Embase databases. The search was undertaken without temporal constraints. Prospective randomized clinical trials and randomized controlled trials were used as filters. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen to initially select the appropriate articles from the published titles, followed by abstract reading. After evaluating the selected articles, the results of the research indicated that no relevant side effects were noted in any of the groups, irrespective of the anesthetic solution utilized. However, it is important to acknowledge that a follow-up period of 1 day may be too short to observe subsequent complications, evolution, or spontaneous remission of its eventual sequelae. Therefore, future randomized controlled clinical trials with large samples and longer follow-up periods are required to confirm these findings.