Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) allows for the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as an intervention strategy that improves functional capacity, dyspnea, and health-related quality of life. However, adherence to such programs might be improved. This study aimed to describe the differences in sociodemographic and clinical variables, functional capacity, and health-related quality of life in patients diagnosed with COPD adherent and non-adherent to pulmonary rehabilitation at a clinic in Cali, Colombia. Methods: This study followed a descriptive cross-sectional model with 150 patients diagnosed with COPD. Adherence was classified by taking into account the number of sessions completed: low (85%). Sociodemographic, clinical, functional capacity, and health-related quality of life variables were considered. Results: Adherence to the PR was rated as high in 57.3% of patients. Variables such as sex, health system affiliation, height, functional capacity, resting SaO₂, and health-related quality of life presented significant differences (p-value ≤ 0.05). The main causes of non-adherence to the program were medical recommendations that prevented continuing in the program due to clinical and safety issues and economic issues that prevented reaching the rehabilitation site, as it was unaffordable. Conclusions: It can be concluded that adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation was rated as high in 57.3% of patients. The high adherence to the PR program occurred in male patients with a capacity to pay the Colombian health system (contributory regime).

Objective: To determine the effects of a pulmonary rehabilitation program in patients with COPD who use and do not use supplemental oxygen during exercise.Materials and Methods: Prospective longitudinal descriptive study on 59 patients with COPD who were part of a pulmonary rehabilitation program and who were classified into two groups: a group that required supplemental oxygen during rehabilitation and another that did not.Results: 31 patients were linked to the group that used oxygen during rehabilitation and 28 patients who did not use it. The average age was 69.1 ± 10.6 years old. The mMRC dyspnea decreased 0.7 ± 0.2 (p = 0.000) in the group that used oxygen and 0.8 ± 0.1 (p = 0.000) in the group that did not use it. The distance increased 45.9 meters ± 7.2 (p = 0.000) in the group that used oxygen and 65.2 meters ± 16.3 (p = 0.001) in the group that did not use it.Conclusion: Both groups showed significant improvements in dyspnea and aerobic capacity, however, there was a greater increase in the group that did not use oxygen.

Introducción: La rehabilitación pulmonar (RP) es una intervención que disminuye los síntomas de la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC), incrementa la tolerancia al ejercicio, el estado emocional, la funcionalidad, la participación y la percepción de control de la enfermedad, mejorando la calidad de vida. Objetivo: Describir los efectos de la RP sobre dos escalas de calidad de vida y su influencia en la capacidad aeróbica funcional en pacientes con EPOC. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuasiexperimental en pacientes que asistieron a RP. La capacidad aeróbica funcional se evaluó con el test de caminata de 6 minutos y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud con los cuestionarios St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) y Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ-SAS). Resultados: Diferencias significativas en test de caminata de 6 minutos 51.9±44.5 metros; p<0.001. El SGRQ en actividad (inicial:65.9±16.8 y final 50.8±19.5; p<0.001), síntomas (inicial 45±17.9; final 33.6±16.8; p=0.005), impacto (inicial 40.5±16.4; final 31.8±18.1; p=0.004) y total (inicial 49.8±14.8; final 40.7±17.7; p=0.002). El CRQ-SAS en disnea (inicial 3.8±1.3; final 4.7±1.1; p<0.001), emocional (inicial 5.1±1 final 5.7±0.9; p<0.001) y total (inicial 4.6±0.9 final 5.3±0.8; p<0.001). Conclusiones: La RP favorece la calidad de vida evaluada con el SGRQ y el CRQ-SAS y la capacidad aeróbica funcional de los pacientes con EPOC.

Objective: To determine the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in men and women with a COPD diagnosis in a Colombian clinic. Method: A longitudinal and descriptive study was conducted with 75 COPD patients who entered a pulmonary rehabilitation program during 2018 and 2019. The population was divided into groups according to gender and some sociodemographic characteristics were assessed, such as spirometry expressed in percentage of the predicted value, body mass index, mMRC dyspnea, and capacity for physical exercise, as well as some physiological variables with the six-minute walk test, anxiety-depression (HADS) and quality of life (SGRQ). A p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The cigarette packs smoked per year index was higher in men, 34±29.11 (p<0.001), whereas the exposure to firewood smoke was five times higher in women (p=0.037). All the variables related to the capacity for physical exercise improved significantly (p<0.021), with distance covered standing out: 63.26±60.03 vs. 51.53±61.02 in favor of women. mMRC dyspnea was initially higher in women when compared to men, 0.709±0.287, and presented a greater change in women with 1.294±0.415 when compared to men, 0.736±0.880, at the end of pulmonary rehabilitation. Conclusion: Pulmonary rehabilitation in women shows an increase of 63.26 meters in the distance covered and a 1.294-point reduction in dyspnea; while, for men, these figures were 51.53 meters and 0.736 points, respectively, as well as an improvement in quality of life in men by 11.47 SGRQ points when compared to women: 0.600.

Background: Myocardial revascularization surgery (MRV) is a revascularization therapy for coronary artery disease aimed at improving survival conditions. Elderly patients with increased comorbidities undergoing MRV face challenges in preventing postoperative complications, including atrial fibrillation (AF), a common arrhythmia occurring in 40% of cases or even in 80% of cases if the procedure is combined with valve surgery. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the appearance of postoperative AF (POAF) in patients undergoing isolated MRV. Methods: This is an epidemiological, retrospective, and analytical case–control study (90 cases and 360 controls). Results: Mortality within the group of patients who presented with POAF in the study population was 15.5%, and 9.44% in the control group. Logistic regression showed an association of AF with the presurgical variables age >60 years and urgent/emergency surgery and the postsurgical variables cardiogenic shock, blood transfusion, pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, orotracheal reintubation, and mechanical ventilation time. Conclusions: Strategies should be proposed for the timely identification of risk factors and postoperative complications related to AF onset to avoid the increased morbidity and mortality associated with this type of arrhythmia during the postoperative period.

Introducción: Factores de riesgo como alergias, historia familiar, infecciones respiratorias, bajo peso al nacer, exposición a humo de tabaco y síntomas frecuentes tales como: sibilancias, disnea o tos persistente, se presentan en niños con asma. En Cali son escasos los estudios que aborden esta temática. Objetivo: Describir factores de riesgo y síntomas en estudiantes con diagnóstico de asma en dos colegios de la ciudad de Cali. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal. Se recolectó información a cuidadores de niños(as) en edades entre 6 y 14 años, a través del cuestionario del estudio Internacional de Asma y Alergias en la Infancia (ISAAC). Resultados: De 324 encuestas resueltas por cuidadores, 77 niños presentaban asma. Para esta población el 60% de los niños eran mayores de 9 años de edad, 56% eran niñas; 68% pertenecían al estrato socioeconómico medio-bajo. Se encontró antecedentes de enfermedades como bronquiolitis en el niño, asma y rinitis en los padres, factores de riesgo como piso inadecuado en el hogar, ausencia de lactancia materna y asistencia al jardín. El 40,3% presentaron disnea, tos y sibilancias. Conclusiones: Factores de riesgo como el sexo, piso inadecuado y síntomas como disnea, tos y sibilancias fueron los más frecuentes en niños con asma.