Background: COVID-19 may affect many endocrine tissues as well as thyroid gland and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. It has been shown that COV D-19 infection suppresses thyroid hormones in some studies and causes subacute thyroiditis in the others so that its effects are still not fully known. The aim of our study is to retrospectively evaluate thyroid functions, clinical findings, biochemical and inflammatory markers in PCR positive patients infected with COVID-19; and to evaluate the relationship between abnormal thyroid function tests (TFT) and clinical and laboratory findings and whether it has potential prognostic significance. Methods: The data of patients aged 18 years and older, 201 patients who applied to Mersin City Training and Research Hospital due to COVID-19 infection between 1st of March and 1st of April in 2021 and received inpatient treatment were evaluated retrospectively Results: Large TFT (TSH, T3, T4, anti-TPO) and laboratory data of 201 patients with mild, moderate or severe pneumonia on CT were scanned retrospectively. 121 (60.2%) of the patients were male, mean age was 51.9 ± 14.6 years, and the most common comorbid disease was hypertension in 65 (32.3%) patients. Conclusions: It has been determined that the deterioration in TFTs is associated with LDH and D-dimer which are indicators of cell and endothelial damage, duration of hospitalization, clinical severity, and having mutant strains and it has been concluded that low TSH can be used as a prognostic indicator in COVID-19 patients. Further studies with healthy control groups, quantitative RT-PCR tests, histological and pathological correlations, and long-term follow-up are needed.

Thyroid cancers are among the most common endocrine cancers. An inflammation is associated with many stages of cancer. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate whether it has a prognostic significance inflammation marker. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio, systemic inflammation response, systemic immune-inflammation index, and neutrophils to lymphocytes and platelets ratio (N/LP) in patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer in the internal medicine outpatient clinic and operated between March 1, 2017 and May 1, 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Three hundred forty patients were diagnosed with thyroid cancer; 275 (80.9%) of them were women and the mean age was 44.6 ± 13.5 years. Multifocality (P = .02) was significant in patients with invasion. High N/LP ratio (odds ratio: 1.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.0–2.0, p: 0.003) and high invasion (odds ratio: 0.2, 95% confidence interval: 0.1–0.4, P < .01) was found to be significant in patients with tumor size ≥2 cm. There is a relationship between multifocality and invasion, and the risk of invasion increases as the tumor size increases in thyroid cancer. The N/LP ratio was significant as it could be a new marker in showing the relationship between thyroid cancer and its prognosis. Further studies are needed in which the prognosis is followed up, longer-term, more comprehensive, and confounding factors are excluded.

Background and Objectives: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress proteins. The endogenous nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) is a mediator of endothelial dysfunction. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus causes endothelial dysfunction and coagulopathy through severe inflammation and oxidative stress. Using these markers, we analyzed the prognostic value of serum ADMA and HSP-90 levels for early prediction of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 76 COVID-19 patients and 35 healthy control subjects were included in this case–control study. COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups: mild and severe. Results: Serum ADMA and HSP-90 levels were significantly higher in the COVID-19 patients compared to the control subjects (p < 0.001). Additionally, serum ADMA and HSP-90 levels were determined to be higher in a statistically significant way in severe COVID-19 compared to mild COVID-19 (p < 0.001). Univariable logistic regression analysis revealed that ADMA and HSP-90, respectively, were independent predictors of severe disease in COVID-19 patients (ADMA (OR = 1.099, 95% CI = 1.048–1.152, p < 0.001) and HSP-90 (OR = 5.296, 95% CI = 1.719–16.316, p = 0.004)). When the cut-off value for ADMA was determined as 208.94 for the prediction of the severity of COVID-19 patients, the sensitivity was 72.9% and the specificity was 100% (AUC = 0.938, 95%CI = 0.858–0.981, p < 0.001). When the cut-off value for HSP-90 was determined as 12.68 for the prediction of the severity of COVID-19 patients, the sensitivity was 88.1% and the specificity was 100% (AUC = 0.975, 95% CI= 0.910–0.997, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Increased levels of Heat shock proteins-90 (HSP-90) and ADMA were positively correlated with increased endothelial damage in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that treatments focused on preventing and improving endothelial dysfunction could significantly improve the outcomes and reduce the mortality rate of COVID-19. ADMA and HSP-90 might be simple, useful, and prognostic biomarkers that can be utilized to predict patients who are at high risk of severe disease due to COVID-19.

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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health problem worldwide. As glycemic control worsens, the risk of both microvascular and macrovascular complications increases. . The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood glucose regulation and two different parameters: uric acid/HDL ratio (UHR) and monocyte/HDL ratio (MHR) in male subjects with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 166 male patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and 83 healthy adult men as a control cohort were included. Diabetic male participants were equally divided into two subgroups: the group with uncontrolled blood glucose (HbA1c levels exceeding 7, n=83) and the group with good glycemic control (HbA1c levels at or below 7, n=83). Our analysis included assessment of several serum markers, including triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), uric acid, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, white blood cell, hemoglobin and platelet levels. In addition, uric acid/HDL ratio, body mass index and monocyte/HDL ratio were compared. Results: Creatinine levels were normal in all study participants and ages were similar in the groups. Triglyceride levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients compared to the healthy group (P

Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) is a multibiological protein involved in cumulus cell expansion, fertilization, and implantation. This study was designed to analyze how circulating PTX-3 levels change in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A total of 50 Turkish participants, 35 of whom had PCOS and 15 of whom were fertile, were included in the study. Patients in the PCOS group were divided into 4 different phenotypes according to the NIH criteria (phenotypes A–D). The number of patients in phenotype A was the highest 13 (37.1%). In the calculations made without phenotyping, the serum ptx3 levels of the PCOS group were found to be significantly lower compared to the fertile control group (3.32 ± 0.73 ng/mL vs 4.97 ± 1.29 ng/mL; P < .001). The ptx3 value of phenotypes A and B was significantly lower than phenotype D (P = .008 and P = .009, respectively). When the phenotypes were compared with the fertile control group, the PTX-3 levels of phenotypes A and B were significantly lower than the fertile group. Although the ptx3 levels of phenotypes C and D were lower than the fertile group, the difference did not reach statistical significance. This is the first study to investigate serum ptx3 levels by phenotype in PCOS. While serum PTX-3 levels decreased in phenotypes A and B, ptx3 levels in phenotypes C and D were similar in fertile patients.