Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder with multiple comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. Detected based on an overnight sleep study is ca...

Context: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a sleep respiration disorder with multiple pathophysiological risks. The study of OSA is important from a public health perspective due to increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and metabolic disorders. Objective: The review content contributes to amalgamate the clinico-molecular analysis of microRNAs, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), transcriptome profiles and epigenetics in the prognosis of OSA. The conceptual focus here is to demarcate the involvement of regulatory players like miRNAs that have most probable contributions towards other changes in patients leading to clinical outcomes. Methods: Literature survey was done by retrieving data from databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Science Direct. Results: Abundant reports have suggested the involvement and role of biomarkers such as CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and CAM’s but there are interspersed speculations about the involvement of epigenetics in OSA. Conclusion: miRNA and transcriptome profiling, DNA methylation and single nucleotide polymorphisms are some of the less researched aspects that aim to bridge the gap in the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of OSA. The quest for biomarkers in OSA is now distinctly achieving new heights. In the context of diagnosis, the above mentioned epigenetic regulators are likely to emerge as viable contenders.