Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable B-cell cancer characterized by periods of relapse and treatment-related toxicity, which often deteriorates patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQL). Exercise, as a non-pharmacological adjuvant therapy, may help mitigate these effects. This systematic review aimed to offer updated, evidence-based guidance on the effect of exercise in people with MM. Controlled trials or pre-post intervention studies published up to 30 May 2025 were identified through SciELO, Cochrane and PubMed. The review, registered in PRSPERO (CRD42023458213), followed PRISMA guidelines. Of 137 articles screened, eight met inclusion criteria. Overall, the studies reported beneficial effects of exercise on physical and mental health, HRQL, sleep disorders, and anthropometric measurements, though trends tended not to reach statistical significance. No severe adverse effects were reported. Exercise appears feasible and safe for people with MM, offering potential improvements in fatigue, HOQL, and mental well-being, likely linked to enhanced physical capacity. Despite promising findings, further research is needed to confirm the role of exercise in MM management. The implementation of therapeutic exercise programs, combining aerobic and strength training, may improve the maintenance of physical capacity and subsequent health outcomes MM’s people.

Background: Physical exercise is strongly recommended for breast cancer survivors due to its beneficial effects on physical function, metabolic health, and quality of life. Lactate, traditionally considered a metabolic byproduct of glycolysis, is increasingly recognized as a signaling molecule involved in metabolic regulation and exercise adaptation. However, exercise-induced circulating lactate responses in breast cancer survivors remain poorly characterized. The aim of this systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis was to synthesize and critically appraise current evidence on exercise-induced circulating lactate responses in breast cancer survivors Methods: A systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024504288). PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to identify controlled trials investigating exercise-induced changes in circulating lactate concentrations in breast cancer survivors. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed using pooled mean differences. Results: Among 173 screened records, four studies met eligibility criteria for qualitative synthesis and three contributed to quantitative analysis. Pooled results demonstrated no statistically significant effect of exercise on circulating lactate concentrations (weighted mean difference: 0.03 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.24 to 0.31; p = 0.81), with low heterogeneity (I² = 31.1%). Considerable variation was observed across exercise protocols, intervention duration, and lactate assessment timing. Conclusions: Exercise-induced circulating lactate responses in breast cancer survivors appear modest and inconsistently reported across available studies. Current evidence remains limited by small sample sizes and methodological heterogeneity. These findings provide a physiological overview of lactate responses to exercise in breast cancer survivorship and highlight the need for standardized exercise interventions and metabolic outcome assessment in future research.

Exercise-induced myokines, such as IL-6, irisin, and myostatin, play crucial roles in mediating systemic adaptations and modulating tumor progression. This narrative review synthesizes evidence on how regular moderate-intensity exercise affects the myokine network within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors. Results from the 86 included studies indicate that structured training (aerobic: 45–65% VO₂ max; resistance: 45–70% 1RM) enhances the expression of beneficial myokines that support immune surveillance, reduce inflammation, and improve muscle–tumor cross-talk. IL-6 demonstrates a dual modulatory effect on inflammation and immunity; irisin contributes to tumor apoptosis, while myostatin downregulation supports muscle integrity and metabolic balance. Evidence suggests that exercise-induced alterations in these factors may influence tumor angiogenesis and immune infiltration, offering potential therapeutic implications. Overall, tailored exercise regimens represent a promising non-pharmacological strategy to optimize myokine signaling in cancer management. Further human studies are needed to confirm these mechanistic effects and define optimal exercise protocols. While existing data suggest that structured exercise may beneficially modulate myokine profiles and thereby influence tumor biology, these conclusions are based on limited qualitative evidence rather than quantitative synthesis. Further well-controlled clinical studies are required to confirm causality and define optimal exercise prescriptions for oncology settings.

Introduction: Compression socks have been proposed as a potentially ergogenic strategy capable of accelerating recovery processes thanks to their effects on haemodynamics, muscle oscillation and the perception of exertion. Objective: To systematically review the effects of compression socks use in healthy adult runners on hematological parameters, muscle damage, perceptual outcomes, sports performance, and kinematic variables. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and ScienceDirect following PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials and crossover studies involving runners who evaluated the use of compression socks during and/or after running were included. A narrative synthesis and a descriptive quantitative synthesis based on effects sizes were performed. Results: Nine studies were included. The quantitative synthesis showed small to moderate effects on time to exhaustion and the ability to maintain performance in consecutive trials. Small to moderate effects sizes were observed in novice runners for stride length and swing time, whereas effects in trained runners were small or trivial. Hematological parameters related to coagulation showed small effects. Effects on hemodynamic parameters ranged from trivial to small, and no effects were observed on muscle damage markers or perceptual variables. Conclusions: The use of compression socks in healthy adult runners may provide modest, context-dependent benefits, particularly for sports performance and selected physiological and biomechanical parameters. However, the available evidence is limited and heterogeneous.

Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a space conflict between the acetabulum and the femoral head, which causes premature degeneration and joint pain. For this, an adequate therapeutic approach is necessary. However, there is no consensus on whether the primary treatment should be surgical or conservative. Therefore, the pres-ent study aimed to review the available scientific evidence on the effectiveness of physiotherapy compared to arthroscopy in patients with FAI. Following the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses” (PRIS-MA) guidelines, we systematically reviewed randomized clinical trials published over the last 15 years comparing conservative treatment with the arthroscopic approach in FAI, analyzing joint function and patient quality of life. The search was performed in the Medline, “Physiotherapy Evidence Database” PEDro and Cochrane databases. In addition, the methodological quality was evaluated us-ing the PEDro and the “Cuestionario Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Espa-ñol” (CASPe) scales, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool. Six trials met the established selection criteria, including 744 patients aged 30 to 50 years. Significant improvements (p<0.05) in quality of life were ob-served with hip arthroscopy compared with conservative treatment. There is no consensus on joint function. In conclusion, the FAI approach via arthroscopic treatment could significantly improve patients’ quality of life compared with physiotherapy. These results would position surgical treatment as the best first-line treatment option for FAI. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are needed to evaluate the definitive approach to FAI.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue revisar sistemáticamente la evidencia disponible sobre la efectividad del rodillo de espuma vibratorio (VFR) frente al rodillo de espuma convencional (FR) en el dolor, rendimiento deportivo y rango de movimiento (ROM) en personas físicamente activas. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos Medline, PEDro, Cochrane y Scopus, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA. La calidad y los sesgos de los estudios fue evaluada con la escala PEDro y la herramienta de Cochrane respectivamente. Los 15 ensayos clínicos incluidos mostraron que el VFR produce aumentos significativos (p0,05) en el dolor, la dureza del tejido, la estabilidad articular y la recuperación post-ejercicio. No se ha encontrado un consenso sobre el ROM y la fuerza.