An efficient mode of evaluation for eye movements is the use of objective eye tracking systems combined with subjective tests (NSUCO or DEM), which are easily applicable across all age groups and in eye care clinical settings. The objective of this study was to characterize fixations during reading in two groups: a group of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDG, 24 children, age: 6–12 years) and a group of children with oculomotor anomalies but without NDD (OAG, 24 children, age: 6–12 years). The results obtained were compared with those from a control group (CG, 20 children, age: 6–12 years). Specifically, the outcomes obtained with two subjective score systems, the Northeastern State University College of Optometry’s Oculomotor (NSUCO) test and the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test, were compared with the objective analysis obtained through a commercially available eye tracker (Tobii Eye X, Tobii, Stockholm, Sweden). Specialized analysis software, namely Clinical Eye Tracker 2020 (Thomson Software Solutions, Welham Green, UK), was used. It was found that children with NDD had impaired oculomotor skills. A higher number of regressions, more fixations, and longer durations of fixations appear to be characteristic signs of this population group. Additionally, children with NDD took longer to complete the DEM test, as well as exhibiting more errors. The use of objective videoculographic systems for eye tracking and subjective tests like the NSUCO or DEM are good tools to assess saccadic movements, allowing the detection of oculomotor abnormalities in children with NDD.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between oculomotor skills, phorias, and visual symptoms in pediatric population aged 5 to 8 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 120 children, divided into three age groups. Each participant underwent a full optometric examination, including the Maddox test for dissociated phoria, and the Northeastern State University College of Optometry (NSUCO) and Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) tests for oculomotor function. In addition, the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS V-15) questionnaire was administered to assess visual symptoms. Results: The prevalence of binocular and oculomotor dysfunctions varied by age and sex. Differences in saccadic and pursuit eye movement performance were observed between groups. Older children showed patterns of association between phoria measurements, oculomotor performance, and possible visual symptoms, particularly in girls over 6 years of age. Conclusions: This study provides additional descriptive data for the pediatric population and highlights that oculomotor dysfunction and phoria frequently coexist. Symptom scores measured by the CISS V-15 tended to increase with age. The results should be considered preliminary and potentially hypothesis-generating, pending the future availability of a validated questionnaire to assess phoria-related symptoms in children from 5 years of age. Overall, this study underscores the importance of comprehensive binocular vision assessments in school-aged children.