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Dr. Giulio Marchese
Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy

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0 Additive Manufacturing
0 Materials
0 Metallurgy
0 Al alloys
0 Thermal treatments

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Laser powder bed fusion
Additive Manufacturing
Materials
Al alloys
Electron Beam Melting
Ni superalloys
Thermal treatments
Ti alloys

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Journal article
Published: 21 June 2021 in Metals
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This study investigates the in situ alloying of a Ni-based superalloy processed by means of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). For this purpose, Inconel 625 powder is mixed with 1 wt.% of Ti6Al4V powder. The modified alloy is characterized by densification levels similar to the base alloy, with relative density superior to 99.8%. The material exhibits Ti-rich segregations along the melt pool contours. Moreover, Ti tends to be entrapped in the interdendritic areas during solidification in the as-built state. After heat treatments, the modified Inconel 625 version presents greater hardness and tensile strengths than the base alloy in the same heat-treated conditions. For the solution annealed state, this is mainly attributed to the elimination of the segregations into the interdendritic structures, thus triggering solute strengthening. Finally, for the aged state, the further increment of mechanical properties can be attributed to a more intense formation of phases than the base alloy, due to elevated precipitation strengthening ability under heat treatments. It is interesting to note how slight chemical composition modification can directly develop new alloys by the LPBF process.

ACS Style

Giulio Marchese; Margherita Beretta; Alberta Aversa; Sara Biamino. In Situ Alloying of a Modified Inconel 625 via Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties. Metals 2021, 11, 988 .

AMA Style

Giulio Marchese, Margherita Beretta, Alberta Aversa, Sara Biamino. In Situ Alloying of a Modified Inconel 625 via Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties. Metals. 2021; 11 (6):988.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Marchese; Margherita Beretta; Alberta Aversa; Sara Biamino. 2021. "In Situ Alloying of a Modified Inconel 625 via Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties." Metals 11, no. 6: 988.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2021 in Metals
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During Laser Powder-Directed Energy Deposition (LP-DED), many complex phenomena occur. These phenomena, which are strictly related to the conditions used during the building process, can affect the quality of the parts in terms of microstructural features and mechanical behavior. This paper investigates the effect of building parameters on the microstructure and the tensile properties of AISI 316L stainless-steel samples produced via LP-DED. Firstly, the building parameters were selected starting from single scan tracks by studying their morphology and geometrical features. Next, 316L LP-DED bulk samples built with two sets of parameters were characterized in terms of porosity, geometrical accuracy, microstructure, and mechanical properties. The tensile tests data were analyzed using the Voce model and a correlation between the tensile properties and the dislocation free path was found. Overall, the data indicate that porosity should not be considered the unique indicator of the quality of an LP-DED part and that a mechanical characterization should also be performed.

ACS Style

Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Emilio Bassini. Directed Energy Deposition of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Powder: Effect of Process Parameters. Metals 2021, 11, 932 .

AMA Style

Alberta Aversa, Giulio Marchese, Emilio Bassini. Directed Energy Deposition of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Powder: Effect of Process Parameters. Metals. 2021; 11 (6):932.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Emilio Bassini. 2021. "Directed Energy Deposition of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Powder: Effect of Process Parameters." Metals 11, no. 6: 932.

Journal article
Published: 07 June 2021 in Metals
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This study deals with the Inconel 625 (IN625) alloy reinforced with micro-TiC particles processed by laser powder bed fusion. The microstructure and hardness in the as-built and solution-annealed states were investigated. The microstructures of the as-built IN625 and IN625/TiC states were primarily made up of columnar grains along the building direction. After the solution annealing at 1150 °C for 2 h, the IN625 alloy consisted of equiaxed grains due to recrystallization and grain growth. On the contrary, the solution-annealed IN625/TiC composite still presented columnar grains. Therefore, the TiC particles hinder the recrystallization, indicating higher microstructure stability for the composite. For the IN625/TiC composite, both the reduced alteration of the grains and the more intensive formation of carbides prevent a remarkable hardness reduction in the solution-annealed state.

ACS Style

Giulio Marchese; Alberta Aversa; Emilio Bassini. Microstructure and Hardness Evolution of Solution Annealed Inconel 625/TiC Composite Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Metals 2021, 11, 929 .

AMA Style

Giulio Marchese, Alberta Aversa, Emilio Bassini. Microstructure and Hardness Evolution of Solution Annealed Inconel 625/TiC Composite Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Metals. 2021; 11 (6):929.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Marchese; Alberta Aversa; Emilio Bassini. 2021. "Microstructure and Hardness Evolution of Solution Annealed Inconel 625/TiC Composite Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion." Metals 11, no. 6: 929.

Journal article
Published: 05 June 2021 in Metals
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Inconel 718 (IN718) is a nickel-based superalloy with high weldability and is thus ideal for being processed via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Unlike traditional casting, LPBF IN718 develops a complex microstructure due to the rapid solidification that characterizes this manufacturing process. As a result, LPBF microstructures are different from those expected in equilibrium conditions, and for this reason, specific heat treatments should be designed. This paper, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), and a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), aims to develop a complete heat treatment that maximizes the material strength, thereby enhancing its microstructure. The paper shows that high-temperature annealing followed by two aging steps is the most suitable way to achieve the abovementioned task. More specifically, a complete dissolution of the δ phase via solution annealing at 1080 °C is the key factor in gaining an even and intense precipitation of γ′ and γ″ during the subsequent aging treatments. The microstructural analyses showed the elimination of needle-like δ particles and detrimental Laves phases. At the same time, intense precipitation of spherical and of discoidal reinforcing particles was achieved by performing the aging treatments at 720 and 630 °C, respectively.

ACS Style

Emilio Bassini; Giulio Marchese; Alberta Aversa. Tailoring of the Microstructure of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 Using Solution Annealing and Aging Treatments. Metals 2021, 11, 921 .

AMA Style

Emilio Bassini, Giulio Marchese, Alberta Aversa. Tailoring of the Microstructure of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 Using Solution Annealing and Aging Treatments. Metals. 2021; 11 (6):921.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emilio Bassini; Giulio Marchese; Alberta Aversa. 2021. "Tailoring of the Microstructure of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 Using Solution Annealing and Aging Treatments." Metals 11, no. 6: 921.

Article
Published: 02 December 2020 in Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance
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The current work aimed to study the influence of various heat treatments on the microstructure, hardness, and residual stresses of Inconel 718 processed by laser powder bed fusion process. The reduction in residual stresses is crucial to avoid the deformation of the component during its removal from the building platform. Among the different heat treatments, 800 °C kept almost unaltered the original microstructure, reducing the residual stresses. Heat treatments at 900, 980, and 1065 °C gradually triggered the melt pool and dendritic structures dissolution, drastically reducing the residual stresses. Heat treatments at 900 and 980 °C involved the formation of δ phases, whereas 1065 °C generated carbides. These heat treatments were also performed on components with narrow internal channels revealing that heat treatments up to 900 °C did not trigger sintering mechanisms allowing to remove the powder from the inner channels.

ACS Style

Giulio Marchese; Eleonora Atzeni; Alessandro Salmi; Sara Biamino. Microstructure and Residual Stress Evolution of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 under Heat Treatments. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 2020, 30, 565 -574.

AMA Style

Giulio Marchese, Eleonora Atzeni, Alessandro Salmi, Sara Biamino. Microstructure and Residual Stress Evolution of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 under Heat Treatments. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 2020; 30 (1):565-574.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Marchese; Eleonora Atzeni; Alessandro Salmi; Sara Biamino. 2020. "Microstructure and Residual Stress Evolution of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718 under Heat Treatments." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 30, no. 1: 565-574.

Original contribution
Published: 06 November 2020 in Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures
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Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the processes with the most potential for producing components used in internal combustion engines and features high efficiency due to the possibility of building very complex shapes. Several drawbacks of parts produced using AM are still unresolved, like poor surface quality, the presence of internal defects and anisotropic mechanical behaviour, which all contribute to decreasing the fatigue strength compared with the material produced using conventional processes. The effect of building direction on both the macroscopic mechanical behaviour and the crack propagation mechanism of Ni‐base superalloy Inconel718 produced using AM was investigated under the combined effect of low cycle fatigue (LCF) and high temperature. The different crack growth mechanisms investigated using compact tension (CT) specimens, tested at high temperature, showed a significant difference between the two building directions. The LCF fatigue experiments also showed a significant difference in the ε‐N curves from the two directions together with a high level of scatter due to the dispersion of the defect size at the fracture origin. The dimensions of the defects (as measured using the parameter) were analysed by means of extreme value statistics and showed a significant difference between the two orientations investigated. The aim of this work is to propose a simplified approach (based on ΔJeff concepts) to estimate the fatigue life of a component produced using AM that takes into account the material variability due to the combined effect of mechanical anisotropic behaviour and the presence of defects at high‐temperature conditions.

ACS Style

Francesco Sausto; G. Marchese; E. Bassini; M. Calandri; S. Biamino; D. Ugues; S. Foletti; S. Beretta. Anisotropic mechanical and fatigue behaviour of Inconel718 produced by SLM in LCF and high‐temperature conditions. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 2020, 44, 271 -292.

AMA Style

Francesco Sausto, G. Marchese, E. Bassini, M. Calandri, S. Biamino, D. Ugues, S. Foletti, S. Beretta. Anisotropic mechanical and fatigue behaviour of Inconel718 produced by SLM in LCF and high‐temperature conditions. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures. 2020; 44 (1):271-292.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Sausto; G. Marchese; E. Bassini; M. Calandri; S. Biamino; D. Ugues; S. Foletti; S. Beretta. 2020. "Anisotropic mechanical and fatigue behaviour of Inconel718 produced by SLM in LCF and high‐temperature conditions." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 44, no. 1: 271-292.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2020 in Materials
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Metal Additive Manufacturing and Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), in particular, have come forth in recent years as an outstanding innovative manufacturing approach. The LPBF process is notably characterized by very high solidification and cooling rates, as well as repeated abrupt heating and cooling cycles, which generate the build-up of anisotropic microstructure and residual stresses. Post-processing stress-relieving heat treatments at elevated temperatures are often required in order to release some of these stresses. The effects of 1 h–hold heat treatments at different specific temperatures (solutionizing, annealing, stress-relieve and low-temperature stress-relieve) on residual stress levels together with microstructure characterization were therefore investigated for the popular Alloy 625 produced by LPBF. The build-up of residual stress is accommodated by the formation of dislocations that produce local crystallographic misorientation within grains. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) was used to investigate local misorientation by means of orientation imaging, thereby assessing misorientation or strain levels, in turn representing residual stress levels within the material. The heavily constrained as-built material was found to experience full recrystallization of equiaxed grains after solutionizing at 1150 °C, accompanied by significant drop of residual stress levels due to this grains reconfiguration. Heat treatments at lower temperatures however, even as high as the annealing temperature of 980 °C, were found to be insufficient to promote recrystallization though effective to some extent to release residual stress through apparently dislocations recovery. Average misorientation data obtained by EBSD were found valuable to evaluate qualitatively residual stress levels. The effects of the different heat treatments are discussed and suggest that the peculiar microstructure of alloys produced by LPBF can possibly be transformed to suit specific applications.

ACS Style

Mathieu Terner; Jiwon Lee; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Hyun-Uk Hong. Electron Backscattered Diffraction to Estimate Residual Stress Levels of a Superalloy Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion and Subsequent Heat Treatments. Materials 2020, 13, 4643 .

AMA Style

Mathieu Terner, Jiwon Lee, Giulio Marchese, Sara Biamino, Hyun-Uk Hong. Electron Backscattered Diffraction to Estimate Residual Stress Levels of a Superalloy Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion and Subsequent Heat Treatments. Materials. 2020; 13 (20):4643.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mathieu Terner; Jiwon Lee; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Hyun-Uk Hong. 2020. "Electron Backscattered Diffraction to Estimate Residual Stress Levels of a Superalloy Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion and Subsequent Heat Treatments." Materials 13, no. 20: 4643.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2020 in Materials Science and Engineering: A
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Ni-based superalloy components for high-temperature applications rely on the long term stability of the microstructure and mechanical properties at service temperatures. Nowadays, the production of such types of components is frequently performed via Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies. Nevertheless, few studies are dedicated to understanding the behavior of AM Ni-based superalloys upon prolonged exposure to high temperatures. This work aims at studying the effect of prolonged thermal exposures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 processed by laser powder bed fusion. Thermal exposures within the range of 600 °C and 900 °C for 200 h were performed on this material. The as-built and solution annealed Inconel 625 conditions were selected. The solution annealed state implies a complete chemical homogenization, typically recommended for working at high temperatures, whereas the initial as-built state is characterized by segregations and fine dendritic structures. Upon the studied prolonged thermal exposures, the peculiar as-built microstructure formed a higher quantity of phases with smaller dimensions with respect to the solution annealed condition under thermal exposures. The smaller phases of the as-built state resulted in similar mechanical properties evolution under different temperatures. Differently, the prolonged heat-treated solution annealed conditions exhibited more marked mechanical properties variations due to coarser phases.

ACS Style

Giulio Marchese; Emilio Bassini; Simone Parizia; Diego Manfredi; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino; Sara Biamino. Role of the chemical homogenization on the microstructural and mechanical evolution of prolonged heat-treated laser powder bed fused Inconel 625. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2020, 796, 140007 .

AMA Style

Giulio Marchese, Emilio Bassini, Simone Parizia, Diego Manfredi, Daniele Ugues, Mariangela Lombardi, Paolo Fino, Sara Biamino. Role of the chemical homogenization on the microstructural and mechanical evolution of prolonged heat-treated laser powder bed fused Inconel 625. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2020; 796 ():140007.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Marchese; Emilio Bassini; Simone Parizia; Diego Manfredi; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino; Sara Biamino. 2020. "Role of the chemical homogenization on the microstructural and mechanical evolution of prolonged heat-treated laser powder bed fused Inconel 625." Materials Science and Engineering: A 796, no. : 140007.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2020 in Metals
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This work aims to investigate the effect of the process parameters on the densification and microstructure of Inconel 939 (IN939) alloy processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). IN939 is a Ni-based superalloy with high creep and corrosion resistance that can be used up to around 850 °C under load, resulting in higher operative temperatures than the ones commonly allowed for Inconel 718 and Inconel 625 alloys (around 650 °C). However, this alloy can suffer from poor weldability involving possible crack formation. In order to minimize the residual porosity and the cracking density, specific process parameters were investigated. The parameters to generate IN939 samples almost pores-free (porosity ≤0.22%) with a cracking density ≤1.36 mm/mm2 as well as samples almost crack-free (≤0.10 mm/mm2) with limited residual porosity (≤0.89%) were determined. The microstructure revealed fine dendritic/cellular structures with the formation of sub-micrometric phases. A high concentration of these phases was also found along the intergranular cracks, suggesting that their presence, coupled to the high thermal stresses, can be the primary reason for crack formation during the LPBF process.

ACS Style

Giulio Marchese; Simone Parizia; Abdollah Saboori; Diego Manfredi; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino; Daniele Ugues; Sara Biamino. The Influence of the Process Parameters on the Densification and Microstructure Development of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 939. Metals 2020, 10, 882 .

AMA Style

Giulio Marchese, Simone Parizia, Abdollah Saboori, Diego Manfredi, Mariangela Lombardi, Paolo Fino, Daniele Ugues, Sara Biamino. The Influence of the Process Parameters on the Densification and Microstructure Development of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 939. Metals. 2020; 10 (7):882.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Marchese; Simone Parizia; Abdollah Saboori; Diego Manfredi; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino; Daniele Ugues; Sara Biamino. 2020. "The Influence of the Process Parameters on the Densification and Microstructure Development of Laser Powder Bed Fused Inconel 939." Metals 10, no. 7: 882.

Review
Published: 09 May 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Directed energy deposition (DED) as a metal additive manufacturing technology can be used to produce or repair complex shape parts in a layer-wise process using powder or wire. Thanks to its advantages in the fabrication of net-shape and functionally graded components, DED could attract significant interest in the production of high-value parts for different engineering applications. Nevertheless, the industrialization of this technology remains challenging, mainly because of the lack of knowledge regarding the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of as-built parts, as well as the trustworthiness/durability of engineering parts produced by the DED process. Hence, this paper reviews the published data about the microstructure and mechanical performance of DED AISI 316L stainless steel. The data show that building conditions play key roles in the determination of the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the final components produced via DED. Moreover, this review article sheds light on the major advancements and challenges in the production of AISI 316L parts by the DED process. In addition, it is found that in spite of different investigations carried out on the optimization of process parameters, further research efforts into the production of AISI 316L components via DED technology is required.

ACS Style

Abdollah Saboori; Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AISI 316L Produced by Directed Energy Deposition-Based Additive Manufacturing: A Review. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3310 .

AMA Style

Abdollah Saboori, Alberta Aversa, Giulio Marchese, Sara Biamino, Mariangela Lombardi, Paolo Fino. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AISI 316L Produced by Directed Energy Deposition-Based Additive Manufacturing: A Review. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (9):3310.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdollah Saboori; Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino. 2020. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AISI 316L Produced by Directed Energy Deposition-Based Additive Manufacturing: A Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9: 3310.

Correction
Published: 13 April 2020 in Materials
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The authors wish to make the following correction to the paper

ACS Style

Emilio Bassini; Giulio Cattano; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Gianfranco Vallillo; Benjamin Picqué. Correction: Bassini, E.; et al. Study of the Effects of Aging Treatment on Astroloy Processed via Hot Isostatic Pressing. Materials 2019, 12, 1517. Materials 2020, 13, 1831 .

AMA Style

Emilio Bassini, Giulio Cattano, Giulio Marchese, Sara Biamino, Daniele Ugues, Mariangela Lombardi, Gianfranco Vallillo, Benjamin Picqué. Correction: Bassini, E.; et al. Study of the Effects of Aging Treatment on Astroloy Processed via Hot Isostatic Pressing. Materials 2019, 12, 1517. Materials. 2020; 13 (8):1831.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emilio Bassini; Giulio Cattano; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Gianfranco Vallillo; Benjamin Picqué. 2020. "Correction: Bassini, E.; et al. Study of the Effects of Aging Treatment on Astroloy Processed via Hot Isostatic Pressing. Materials 2019, 12, 1517." Materials 13, no. 8: 1831.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2019 in Metals
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Residual stresses (RS) of great magnitude are usually present in parts produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB), mainly owing to the extreme temperature gradients and high cooling rates involved in the process. Those “hidden” stresses can be detrimental to a part’s mechanical properties and fatigue life; therefore, it is crucial to know their magnitude and orientation. The hole-drilling strain-gage method was used to determine the RS magnitude and direction-depth profiles. Cuboid specimens in the as-built state, and after standard solution annealing and ageing heat treatment conditions, were prepared to study the RS evolution throughout the heat treatment stages. Measurements were performed on the top and lateral surfaces. In the as-built specimens, tensile stresses of ~400 MPa on the top and above 600 MPa on the lateral surface were obtained. On the lateral surface, RS anisotropy was noticed, with the horizontally aligned stresses being three times lower than the vertically aligned. RS decreased markedly after the first heat treatment. On heat-treated specimens, magnitude oscillations were observed. By microstructure analysis, the presence of carbides was verified, which is a probable root for the oscillations. Furthermore, compressive stresses immediate to the surface were obtained in heat-treated specimens, which is not in agreement with the typical characteristics of parts fabricated by PBF-LB, i.e., tensile stresses at the surface and compressive stresses in the part’s core.

ACS Style

Rafael Barros; Francisco J. G. Silva; Ronny M. Gouveia; Abdollah Saboori; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Alessandro Salmi; Eleonora Atzeni. Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Inconel 718: Residual Stress Analysis Before and After Heat Treatment. Metals 2019, 9, 1290 .

AMA Style

Rafael Barros, Francisco J. G. Silva, Ronny M. Gouveia, Abdollah Saboori, Giulio Marchese, Sara Biamino, Alessandro Salmi, Eleonora Atzeni. Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Inconel 718: Residual Stress Analysis Before and After Heat Treatment. Metals. 2019; 9 (12):1290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rafael Barros; Francisco J. G. Silva; Ronny M. Gouveia; Abdollah Saboori; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Alessandro Salmi; Eleonora Atzeni. 2019. "Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Inconel 718: Residual Stress Analysis Before and After Heat Treatment." Metals 9, no. 12: 1290.

Journal article
Published: 03 October 2019 in Materials Science and Engineering: A
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Inconel 625 (IN625) alloy has high-temperature strength coupled with high oxidation and corrosion resistance. Additionally, due to its excellent weldability, IN625 can be processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) process allowing the production of complex shapes. However, post-AM heat treatment is necessary to develop the desired microstructure and mechanical properties to meet industrial needs. This work is focused on the influence of different heat treatment processes, namely stress relieving, recrystallization annealing and solution annealing on the microstructure and tensile properties of LPBF IN625 alloy. Investigation of the crystallographic texture by electron backscattered diffraction indicated that heat treatments at 1080 °C and 1150 °C tend to eliminate anisotropy in the material by the recrystallization and grain growth resulting in the formation of equiaxed grains. Tensile properties of heat-treated LPBF IN625 alloy built along different orientations revealed higher tensile properties than the minimum recommended values of wrought IN625 alloy in the annealed and solution annealed states.

ACS Style

Giulio Marchese; Simone Parizia; Masoud Rashidi; Abdollah Saboori; Diego Manfredi; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Eduard Hryha; Sara Biamino. The role of texturing and microstructure evolution on the tensile behavior of heat-treated Inconel 625 produced via laser powder bed fusion. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2019, 769, 138500 .

AMA Style

Giulio Marchese, Simone Parizia, Masoud Rashidi, Abdollah Saboori, Diego Manfredi, Daniele Ugues, Mariangela Lombardi, Eduard Hryha, Sara Biamino. The role of texturing and microstructure evolution on the tensile behavior of heat-treated Inconel 625 produced via laser powder bed fusion. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2019; 769 ():138500.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Marchese; Simone Parizia; Masoud Rashidi; Abdollah Saboori; Diego Manfredi; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Eduard Hryha; Sara Biamino. 2019. "The role of texturing and microstructure evolution on the tensile behavior of heat-treated Inconel 625 produced via laser powder bed fusion." Materials Science and Engineering: A 769, no. : 138500.

Review
Published: 13 August 2019 in Applied Sciences
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In the circular economy, products, components, and materials are aimed to be kept at the utility and value all the lifetime. For this purpose, repair and remanufacturing are highly considered as proper techniques to return the value of the product during its life. Directed Energy Deposition (DED) is a very flexible type of additive manufacturing (AM), and among the AM techniques, it is most suitable for repairing and remanufacturing automotive and aerospace components. Its application allows damaged component to be repaired, and material lost in service to be replaced to restore the part to its original shape. In the past, tungsten inert gas welding was used as the main repair method. However, its heat affected zone is larger, and the quality is inferior. In comparison with the conventional welding processes, repair via DED has more advantages, including lower heat input, warpage and distortion, higher cooling rate, lower dilution rate, excellent metallurgical bonding between the deposited layers, high precision, and suitability for full automation. Hence, the proposed repairing method based on DED appears to be a capable method of repairing. Therefore, the focus of this study was to present an overview of the DED process and its role in the repairing of metallic components. The outcomes of this study confirm the significant capability of DED process as a repair and remanufacturing technology.

ACS Style

Abdollah Saboori; Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino. Application of Directed Energy Deposition-Based Additive Manufacturing in Repair. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 3316 .

AMA Style

Abdollah Saboori, Alberta Aversa, Giulio Marchese, Sara Biamino, Mariangela Lombardi, Paolo Fino. Application of Directed Energy Deposition-Based Additive Manufacturing in Repair. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (16):3316.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdollah Saboori; Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino. 2019. "Application of Directed Energy Deposition-Based Additive Manufacturing in Repair." Applied Sciences 9, no. 16: 3316.

Journal article
Published: 29 May 2019 in Materials
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The effect of microstructure on the susceptibility to selective corrosion of Alloy 625 produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process was investigated through intergranular corrosion tests according to ASTM G28 standard. The effect of heat treatment on selective corrosion susceptibility was also evaluated. The behavior was compared to commercial hot-worked, heat treated Grade 1 Alloy 625. The morphology of attack after boiling ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid test according to ASTM G28 standard is less penetrating for LPBF 625 alloy compared to hot-worked and heat-treated alloy both in as-built condition and after heat treatment. The different attack morphology can be ascribed to the oversaturation of the alloying elements in the nickel austenitic matrix obtained due to the very high cooling rate. On as-built specimens, a shallow selective attack of the border of the melt pools was observed, which disappeared after the heat treatment. The results confirmed similar intergranular corrosion susceptibility, but different corrosion morphologies were detected. The results are discussed in relation to the unique microstructures of LPBF manufactured alloys.

ACS Style

Marina Cabrini; Sergio Lorenzi; Cristian Testa; Fabio Brevi; Sara Biamino; Paolo Fino; Diego Manfredi; Giulio Marchese; Flaviana Calignano; Tommaso Pastore. Microstructure and Selective Corrosion of Alloy 625 Obtained by Means of Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Materials 2019, 12, 1742 .

AMA Style

Marina Cabrini, Sergio Lorenzi, Cristian Testa, Fabio Brevi, Sara Biamino, Paolo Fino, Diego Manfredi, Giulio Marchese, Flaviana Calignano, Tommaso Pastore. Microstructure and Selective Corrosion of Alloy 625 Obtained by Means of Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Materials. 2019; 12 (11):1742.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marina Cabrini; Sergio Lorenzi; Cristian Testa; Fabio Brevi; Sara Biamino; Paolo Fino; Diego Manfredi; Giulio Marchese; Flaviana Calignano; Tommaso Pastore. 2019. "Microstructure and Selective Corrosion of Alloy 625 Obtained by Means of Laser Powder Bed Fusion." Materials 12, no. 11: 1742.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2019 in Materials
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The effect of aging treatment on Astroloy fabricated via hot isostatic pressing and subjected to super-, and sub- solvus solutioning has been investigated. The evolution of hardness and microstructural features were followed after each step of the treatment. Since this alloy is commonly subjected to a double aging treatment at two different temperatures, particular attention was given to the effectiveness of the first aging treatment compared to the second one. Coarsening and modification of the γ′ reinforcing system together with carbides formation were made the object of research. The cooling rate used after solutioning treatment was also kept into account. Finally, a model to describe secondary and ternary gamma prime coarsening upon aging treatments is presented.

ACS Style

Emilio Bassini; Giulio Cattano; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Gianfranco Vallillo; Benjamin Picqué. Study of the Effects of Aging Treatment on Astroloy Processed via Hot Isostatic Pressing. Materials 2019, 12, 1517 .

AMA Style

Emilio Bassini, Giulio Cattano, Giulio Marchese, Sara Biamino, Daniele Ugues, Mariangela Lombardi, Gianfranco Vallillo, Benjamin Picqué. Study of the Effects of Aging Treatment on Astroloy Processed via Hot Isostatic Pressing. Materials. 2019; 12 (9):1517.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emilio Bassini; Giulio Cattano; Giulio Marchese; Sara Biamino; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Gianfranco Vallillo; Benjamin Picqué. 2019. "Study of the Effects of Aging Treatment on Astroloy Processed via Hot Isostatic Pressing." Materials 12, no. 9: 1517.

Review
Published: 27 March 2019 in Materials
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Aluminum alloys are key materials in additive manufacturing (AM) technologies thanks to their low density that, coupled with the possibility to create complex geometries of these innovative processes, can be exploited for several applications in aerospace and automotive fields. The AM process of these alloys had to face many challenges because, due to their low laser absorption, high thermal conductivity and reduced powder flowability, they are characterized by poor processability. Nowadays mainly Al-Si alloys are processed, however, in recent years many efforts have been carried out in developing new compositions specifically designed for laser based powder bed AM processes. This paper reviews the state of the art of the aluminum alloys used in the laser powder bed fusion process, together with the microstructural and mechanical characterizations.

ACS Style

Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Abdollah Saboori; Emilio Bassini; Diego Manfredi; Sara Biamino; Daniele Ugues; Paolo Fino; Mariangela Lombardi. New Aluminum Alloys Specifically Designed for Laser Powder Bed Fusion: A Review. Materials 2019, 12, 1007 .

AMA Style

Alberta Aversa, Giulio Marchese, Abdollah Saboori, Emilio Bassini, Diego Manfredi, Sara Biamino, Daniele Ugues, Paolo Fino, Mariangela Lombardi. New Aluminum Alloys Specifically Designed for Laser Powder Bed Fusion: A Review. Materials. 2019; 12 (7):1007.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Abdollah Saboori; Emilio Bassini; Diego Manfredi; Sara Biamino; Daniele Ugues; Paolo Fino; Mariangela Lombardi. 2019. "New Aluminum Alloys Specifically Designed for Laser Powder Bed Fusion: A Review." Materials 12, no. 7: 1007.

Journal article
Published: 05 February 2019 in Materials
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Hastelloy X (HX) is a Ni-based superalloy which is employed to produce gas turbine and gas-cooled reactor sectors due to its outstanding oxidation resistance and high tensile strength at high temperatures. This alloy can be processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) fabricating complex geometries in a single step. However, post-processing thermal treatments must be applied to generate a suitable microstructure for high-temperature applications. The investigation reports the microstructure evolution of LPBF HX samples under specific post-processing treatments. A hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment can close the internal cracks and reduce the residual porosity (less than 0.1%). Moreover, the HIP-triggered recrystallization generated equiaxed grains, while the slow cooling rate generated a film of intergranular carbides (Mo-rich M6C and Cr-rich M23C6) and intragranular carbides (Mo-rich M6C carbides). Therefore, a solution annealing was performed to dissolve the film of carbides which may reduce the ductility. The post solution annealed material consisted of equiaxed grains with ASTM grain size number mainly 4.5-5.5 and inter/intragranular Mo-rich M6C carbides. The microstructure is highly comparable with solution annealed wrought HX alloy. Finally, after simulating short thermal exposure at 745 °C for 6 h, a significant formation of Cr-rich M23C6 carbides was observed strengthening the LPBF HX alloy.

ACS Style

Giulio Marchese; Emilio Bassini; Alberta Aversa; Mariangela Lombardi; Daniele Ugues; Paolo Fino; Sara Biamino. Microstructural Evolution of Post-Processed Hastelloy X Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Materials 2019, 12, 486 .

AMA Style

Giulio Marchese, Emilio Bassini, Alberta Aversa, Mariangela Lombardi, Daniele Ugues, Paolo Fino, Sara Biamino. Microstructural Evolution of Post-Processed Hastelloy X Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Materials. 2019; 12 (3):486.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Marchese; Emilio Bassini; Alberta Aversa; Mariangela Lombardi; Daniele Ugues; Paolo Fino; Sara Biamino. 2019. "Microstructural Evolution of Post-Processed Hastelloy X Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion." Materials 12, no. 3: 486.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Materials Science and Engineering: A
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Giulio Marchese; Massimo Lorusso; Simone Parizia; Emilio Bassini; Ji-Won Lee; Flaviana Calignano; Diego Manfredi; Mathieu Terner; Hyun-Uk Hong; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Sara Biamino. Influence of heat treatments on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 processed by laser powder bed fusion. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2018, 729, 64 -75.

AMA Style

Giulio Marchese, Massimo Lorusso, Simone Parizia, Emilio Bassini, Ji-Won Lee, Flaviana Calignano, Diego Manfredi, Mathieu Terner, Hyun-Uk Hong, Daniele Ugues, Mariangela Lombardi, Sara Biamino. Influence of heat treatments on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 processed by laser powder bed fusion. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2018; 729 ():64-75.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Marchese; Massimo Lorusso; Simone Parizia; Emilio Bassini; Ji-Won Lee; Flaviana Calignano; Diego Manfredi; Mathieu Terner; Hyun-Uk Hong; Daniele Ugues; Mariangela Lombardi; Sara Biamino. 2018. "Influence of heat treatments on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 processed by laser powder bed fusion." Materials Science and Engineering: A 729, no. : 64-75.

Journal article
Published: 26 April 2018 in Metals
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Al-Si-Zn-Mg-Cu samples were produced using Laser Powder Bed Fusion from mixed AlSi10Mg and 7075 powders. It was observed that the introduction of silicon to an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy strongly reduced the crack density, probably because of the reduction of the solidification range, the improved fluidity of the molten phase and the reduction of the coefficient of thermal expansion. The density measurements showed that crack-free samples can be successfully produced with this powder mixture. The obtained Al-Si-Zn-Mg-Cu samples were characterized in terms of microstructure, hardness and tensile properties showing that this composition is very promising for future powder bed additive manufacturing processes.

ACS Style

Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Diego Manfredi; Massimo Lorusso; Flaviana Calignano; Sara Biamino; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino; Matteo Pavese. Laser Powder Bed Fusion of a High Strength Al-Si-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy. Metals 2018, 8, 300 .

AMA Style

Alberta Aversa, Giulio Marchese, Diego Manfredi, Massimo Lorusso, Flaviana Calignano, Sara Biamino, Mariangela Lombardi, Paolo Fino, Matteo Pavese. Laser Powder Bed Fusion of a High Strength Al-Si-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy. Metals. 2018; 8 (5):300.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alberta Aversa; Giulio Marchese; Diego Manfredi; Massimo Lorusso; Flaviana Calignano; Sara Biamino; Mariangela Lombardi; Paolo Fino; Matteo Pavese. 2018. "Laser Powder Bed Fusion of a High Strength Al-Si-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy." Metals 8, no. 5: 300.