The proposed Remote SCADA System (RSS) is a smarter, faster and more reliable way to control high power machines and monitor their sensors, data, and failures. The proposed system focuses mainly on building our own complete SCADA software and not using open-source SCADA software. The proposed RSS can use unlimited number of added Remote Terminal Units (RTU) nodes and each of them can handling unlimited number of input/output and can be used under different operating systems like Windows and Android. Using RSS all machines can be monitored and controlled by a single click from anywhere at any time. By doing this a real-time response from RSS system can be achieved. It’s mainly based on standard communication techniques between remote nodes and single server-side application that talk to each node with its own ID and modify its instant database. So that every time accessing this web application, a real-time access to these nodes data and a virtual control room controls each General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) in the selected node can be gotten. When a new event is happened in server-side program, it will be broadcasted to all related. On RSS there are two main points to deal with, the request latency and security of the system. This paper studied how the system latency and security are improved to obtain the needed values. The proposed RSS is a very secure program which have 4 security levels; authentication, authorization, RSA and CBC encryption system. Also, the encryption algorithms used in RSS are RSA and CBC block cipher encryption system. It is mixed way to prevent any attacker from breaking the cipher. First of all, RSA generates the public and private keys, and then CBC generates its Initialization vector and a random encryption key. Then a special function sends all of these keys encrypted with a pre-stored token in the data base and node memory which varied from node to another. Finally, node generates its private key from loaded public key. With this combination the speed of symmetric encryption system and the security of asymmetric encryption system can be achieved. On the other hand, the level of security firewalls needed to be Brocken by the attacker to brock the cipher is increased. The proposed system achieved low cost comparing with reported work; it is lower than Arduino + WIFI method by five times and 13 times lower than Raspberry-PI method. The proposed system is applied in educational systems, where it is used for teaching unlimited number of students Online.

In today’s digital age, there is an increasing demand for integrated wireless and wired technologies; however, there is a difficulty in achieving secure and reliable communications within buildings and facilities. This paper presents a proposal for maintaining the infrastructure while expanding it to implement communication technologies with high transmission and reception speeds and high levels of data confidentiality to enhance the operational efficiency of organizations. Three main technologies have emerged as promising solutions for this purpose: Wi-Fi, Li-Fi, and BPL. Despite the advantages that each technology offers, some drawbacks appear in these technologies that affect data transmission. Wi-Fi, Li-Fi, and BPL can be combined to achieve maximum security and reduce noise and interference via the ESP8266 module. This combination could be an important step toward achieving an integrated and secure indoor communication system. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the three techniques and how they are applied in practice. In addition, OSE, ABPF, and ASBF filters are used to detect and eliminate interference and attack secure internal networks.

The necessity for access to a high data rate has been the motivation behind expanding new technologies. The increasing of wireless devices has caused the radio wave spectrum to become congested. Additionally, radio waves cannot be used in EMI-vulnerable places. Hence, the interest in visible light communication (VLC) offers real alternatives to radio-based communications. This paper focuses on the use of visible light as a data communication medium and introduces a designed audio SIMO (Single-Input-Multi-Output) data transmission system from point to multipoint to demonstrate the functionality of the VLC system in audio transmission through modulated LEDs light. The system is made up of the transmitting unit and multi-receiving units. The transmitting unit consists of three stages: audio in, preamplifier, and white LEDs array that transmits the data using the ON-OFF keying (OOK) modulation technique to all receivers. On the other hand, the receiving unit consists of three receivers that have different photodetectors aspects with fixed distances separation between them. The line of sight (LOS) communication between transmitter and receivers for the purpose to transfer audio data has been employed. Based on the LOS link, simulation and experimental analysis have been done in multiple semi-angles for studying the output performance of receivers and the characteristics of the white LEDs such as luminous intensity and received power at 20,45 and 70 semi-angle at half-power through MATLAB® software.

The Internet of Things (IoT) has an ever more significant function in many areas of our modern world. It improves the overall quality of life, where almost everything, including objects and devices, can be linked to the cloud and thus be hyper-connected. Within this changing IoT system, this paper focuses on data transfer, emphasizing the critical role of light fidelity (LiFi) technology. LiFi technology is an up-and-coming technology that makes use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors (PDs) as transmitters and receivers (R_X), respectively, for concurrent data communications and lighting. This paper proposes a single-input multiple-output IoT-based LiFi system using an LED array, phototransistor, and ambient light sensor-based R_XS for simultaneous data transmission. DHT11 sensor is used to measure the environmental conditions and store collected data via Wi-Fi in the cloud server using HTTP protocol. Through indoor LiFi communication, the cloud streaming data is transferred using pulse position modulation (PPM) at a frequency of 2 KHz. The experimental results illustrate transferring and receiving data successfully at a communication distance of 1 meter. MATLAB software is used to evaluate the performance of the spatial radiance pattern and illuminance intensity of an LED Array used and received power depending on a line-of-sight (LOS) channel.

Due to the widespread use and variety of wireless networks and their applications in open environments, security techniques need to be more robust, reliable, and flexible, incorporating multi-stage and interfered secret key (S_key) capabilities. This research article presents an efficient cryptographic approach through the construction of a cascaded series of processes. It proposes a multi-number of encrypting processes (N-round chaos-based) cryptosystem containing N secret keys based on data classification and the environment. The article also outlines the simple criteria for determining the number of rounds (N-round). Several chaos-based encryption techniques have been utilized to construct the proposed algorithm, and various scenarios of the N-round mechanism over different classified images have been presented. In the majority of relevant published studies, two critical issues have been overlooked: the selection criteria for required and suitable security levels and the rules and conditions for robust security keys. These essential issues have been discussed in this research article. Various grayscale images are used in the computer simulation experiments conducted to demonstrate the robustness, reliability, and applicability of the proposed cryptographic algorithm. The experiments consider the presence of various attacks, such as speckle, salt-and-pepper, and Gaussian noise. Based on the results from the standard database (Hlevkin, USA CANVAS), the proposed algorithm is robust and suitable for applications in noise/attack environments. As clarified by the results, the similarity of extracted images is 100% to the original plaintext in the absence of attacks, while in the presence of noise and attacks, the similarity remains above 99%. The quality of the decrypted images is superior to that of the majority of existing cryptosystems.

JCM is an open access journal on the science and engineering of communication.