In this paper, a low-power, low-noise chopper stabilized CMOS differential difference instrumentation amplifier (CHDDA) for portable biopotential acquisition applications is presented. The proposed 130 nm CMOS chopper stabilized amplifier has 3.2 μW power dissipation, thermal noise floor of 10 nV/rtHz and corner frequency in the vicinity of 10 Hz with 1 V supply voltage which performs adequately well in measuring biopotential signals.

The evaluation of propulsion systems used in UAVs is of paramount importance to enhance the flight endurance, increase the flight control performance, and minimize the power consumption. This evaluation, however, is typically performed experimentally after the preliminary hardware design of the UAV is completed, which tends to be expensive and time-consuming. In this paper, a comprehensive theoretical UAV propulsion system assessment is proposed to assess both static and dynamic performance characteristics via an integrated simulation model. The approach encompasses the electromechanical dynamics of both the motor and its controller. The proposed analytical model estimates the propeller and motor combination performance with the overarching goal of enhancing the overall efficiency of the aircraft propulsion system before expensive costs are incurred. The model embraces an advanced blade element momentum theory underpinned by the development of a novel mechanism to predict the propeller performance under low Reynolds number conditions. The propeller model utilizes XFOIL and various factors, including post-stall effects, 3D correction, Reynolds number fluctuations, and tip loss corrections to predict the corresponding aerodynamic loads. Computational fluid dynamics are used to corroborate the dynamic formulations followed by extensive experimental tests to validate the proposed estimation methodology.

In this paper, a general platform of a surface-to-surface missile model is presented. An accurate missile system model was made with consideration of the rigid body dynamics in space with six degrees of freedom and equation of motion starting from Newton second law to the non-linear state space model of the missile. Computer simulations have been executed using the MATLAB / Simulink software. Verification of the system model has been made.

A system for real time navigation of a nonholonomic car-like robot in a dynamic environment consists of two layers is described: a Sugeno-type fuzzy motion planner; and a modified proportional navigation based fuzzy controller. The system philosophy is inspired by human routing when moving between obstacles based on visual information including right and left views to identify the next step to the goal. A Sugeno-type fuzzy motion planner of four inputs one output is introduced to give a clear direction to the robot controller. The second stage is a modified proportional navigation based fuzzy controller based on the proportional navigation guidance law and able to optimize the robot's behavior in real time, i.e. to avoid stationary and moving obstacles in its local environment obeying kinematics constraints. The system has an intelligent combination of two behaviors to cope with obstacle avoidance as well as approaching a target using a proportional navigation path. The system was simulated and tested on different environments with various obstacle distributions. The simulation reveals that the system gives good results for various simple environments

The thermometer digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is a distinctive architecture that plays a vital role in converting digital data into corresponding analog signals, the thermometer DAC employs a resistor network where each bit of the digital input corresponds to a unique resistor. It has notable drawbacks that need careful consideration. As the resolution of the DAC increases, the number of required current sources grows exponentially, leading to complex and demanding circuitry. This can escalate power consumption and occupy significant chip area, which is a critical concern in integrated circuit design. Furthermore, the current mismatch between the multiple current sources. Therefore, integrating memristors into DACs paves the way for more compact and efficient designs, reducing system complexity and enhancing reliability. The Voltage ThrEshold Adaptive Memristor (VTEAM) model of memristor is validated by using Virtuoso. In addition, a digital-to-analog converter based on memristor technology is implemented, taking advantage of the memristor’s compact size, minimal power usage, and a voltage threshold that is relatively low. The DAC design being proposed is based on a core DAC cell that consists of two memristors connected in opposing orientations.