The genus Anabasis is a member of the family Amaranthaceae (former name: Chenopodiaceae) and includes approximately 102 genera and 1400 species. The genus Anabasis is one of the most significant families in salt marshes, semi-deserts, and other harsh environments. They are also renowned for their abundance in bioactive compounds, including sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, saponins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and betalain pigments. Since ancient times, these plants have been used to treat various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases and are used as an antirheumatic and diuretic. At the same time, the genus Anabasis is very rich in biologically active secondary metabolites that exhibit great pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiangiogenic, antiulcer, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, etc. All of the listed pharmacological activities have been studied in practice by scientists from different countries and are presented in this review article to familiarize the entire scientific community with the results of these studies, as well as to explore the possibilities of using four plant species of the genus Anabasis as medicinal raw materials and developing medicines based on them.

To date, the phytochemical composition of the aerial parts of Nanophyton iliense U.P. Pratov has not been comprehensively investigated. In the present study, qualitative metabolite profiling of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts was performed using liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-QToF-MS) operating in both positive and negative electrospray ionization modes. A total of 81 metabolites were tentatively identified based on accurate mass measurements, MS/MS fragmentation patterns obtained in all-ion MS/MS mode, and comparison with previously reported literature data. The detected compounds included hydroxycinnamic acid amides, phenolic acids, flavonoids (including glycosides), amino acids, organic acids, sulfated derivatives, and nucleosides. Among them, the flavonoid narcissin (isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside) was isolated from the extract, and its structure was confirmed by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy supported by COSY, HSQC, and HMBC experiments. Additionally, a compound with the molecular formula C₁₇H₁₄O₅ was detected; however, its structure could not be conclusively established based on the available spectroscopic data and is therefore reported as an unidentified metabolite. The present study provides the first systematic qualitative characterization of the metabolite profile of N. iliense and establishes a foundation for future quantitative and bioactivity-oriented investigations of this species.

The raised standard requirements regulated by the State Pharmacopoeia and the Analytical Normative Document (AND) are imposed to quality of the medicines applied in medical practice of the Republic of Kazakhstan. One of the main requirements imposed to quality of medicines is stability. The specification of test of stability of the tablets "Exkair" reflecting an assessment of physical and chemical properties of tablets and the list of indicators of quality according to requirements of the project of the AND is developed for expression of this concept. Determination of stability of tablets was carried out in the mode (long-term/real time testing) of long-term tests: temperature of natural storage - 25±2°C, relative humidity - (60±5)%. The indicators of quality of tablets included in the specification of stability on HP "Exkair" with reduction of test conditions and techniques of definition are presented. Results of test of stability of tablets confirm structure of a preparation: active substances - extract from the rhizomes of Acorus Calamus (0.009 g), extract of flowers of the Calendula officinalis (0.003 g); auxiliary substances - ascorbic acid (0.005 g), calcium stearate (0.006 g), sugar powder (0.517 g), aerosil (0.0015 g). On the basis of these test the assessment of quality of tablets with establishment of numerical values of parameters including period of storage is carried out. Period of storage of medicine established experimentally by the method of long-term storage under natural conditions within 2 years in packing regulated by the draft of the Analytical Normative Document (AND). Initial period of storage of the tablets "Exkair" makes 2 years. In this research period of storage of ready medicine was determined irrespective of expiration dates of the main substance (extract from the rhizomes of Acorus Calamus and extract of flowers of the Calendula officinalis).