Fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks have already marked their presence globally, revolutionizing entertainment, business, healthcare, and other domains. While this leap forward brings numerous advantages in speed and connectivity, it also poses new challenges for security protocols. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have been employed to augment traditional security measures, promising to mitigate risks and vulnerabilities. This paper conducts an exhaustive study to assess ML and DL algorithms’ role and effectiveness within the 5G security landscape. Also, it offers a profound dissection of the 5G network’s security paradigm, particularly emphasizing the transformative role of ML and DL as enabling security tools. This study starts by examining the unique architecture of 5G and its inherent vulnerabilities, contrasting them with emerging threat vectors. Next, we conduct a detailed analysis of the network’s underlying segments, such as network slicing, Massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC), and edge computing, revealing their associated security challenges. By scrutinizing current security protocols and international regulatory impositions, this paper delineates the existing 5G security landscape. Finally, we outline the capabilities of ML and DL in redefining 5G security. We detail their application in enhancing anomaly detection, fortifying predictive security measures, and strengthening intrusion prevention strategies. This research sheds light on the present-day 5G security challenges and offers a visionary perspective, highlighting the intersection of advanced computational methods and future 5G security.

Digital skills are necessary to work and manage electronic library infrastructures and services. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for assessing the level of digital skills among librarians at academic libraries in Jordan. It is also important to investigate the influence of digital skills on technology acceptance among librarians in Jordan. A questionnaire was developed and used to collect the required data from university libraries in Jordan. The results indicate a high level of digital skills among the librarians. The result also shows that financial issues are the main challenges that librarians face to obtain the required skills. Most importantly, the level of digital skills positively influences the librarians’ acceptance and use of technology in academic libraries in Jordan. It was noted that factors such as sex, age, experience, specialization, and library type had no effect on the results. Findings of this research will help to explore the skills and competencies needed by information professionals and act as a guideline for competency development and curriculum updates in Librarianship and Information Science schools at an international level.

Technological advancement has forced academic libraries to change their traditional services by adopting emerging technologies to respond to the changing information needs of their users, who are now more technologically inclined and prefer remote and timely access to scholarly information. Smart technologies are the recent trend in academic libraries. Smart technologies have the potential to enhance academic library services provision and also support the distance learning environment, especially now as higher education embraces online and distance learning. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the level of implementation of smart services at academic libraries and the challenges they face in developing and/or providing smart services. A questionnaire was developed to collect the required data from library staff ( N = 340) at academic libraries in Jordan, where (246) responded and completed the questionnaire. The results indicate a moderate level of implementation of smart services at academic libraries in Jordan ( M = 3.12). The result also shows that the challenges facing the libraries to implement and offer smart services was also moderate ( M = 3.57). Resistance to change was the main challenge libraries face in their attempt to embrace smart technology to offer smart services. Also, privacy and confidentiality appeared to be one of the top rated challenges libraries have to deal with when planning for smart services deployment. Moreover, financial-related issues, such as poor infrastructure and staff training were among the main challenges librarians face to develop/offer smart services. Most importantly, challenges negatively affect the level of smart services at academic libraries in Jordan. This paper provides insights for academic librarians and decision-makers in planning for the provision of smart services at their libraries. It highlights the main challenges that might hinder the implementation and provision of smart services.

Data plays a major role in helping to understand clearly the changing needs of academic library users, and in helping libraries to innovate their services and procedures accordingly. Data needs to be transformed into information for decision-making and strategic planning. Business intelligence offers powerful analytical tools, such as visualization and data-mining tools, which lead to informed decisions and hence transform the user’s experience, bringing it to a more advanced level. This research investigates the concept of business intelligence from the perceptions of information department staff at academic libraries in Jordan. The opportunities and challenges associated with it are also discussed and explored. As indicated by the results, information department staff agree that business intelligence improves decision-making, helping decision-makers to make the most accurate and timely decisions for the library. The results also indicate that an appropriate infrastructure is important for the successful implementation of business intelligence in academic libraries in Jordan.

Research data management services require new skills and collaboration among library staff to work with both researchers and end-users as they manage data going forward. However, there is an urgent need to increase awareness of the new trends about the partnership between research community and academic libraries, there is also a need for new research data management (RDM)-related skills among librarians. And therefore, this research aims at investigating requirements, roles and responsibilities as well as challenges of RDM services in academic libraries in Jordan. A questionnaire was developed and used to collect the required data from 21 academic libraries in Jordan. The results indicate high perception and awareness of libraries roles and responsibilities of RDM as well as requirements and challenges in academic libraries in Jordan to provide RDM services. It was noted that all factors such as job title, experience and library type had no effect on the results.