The study aims to evaluate the influence of performance appraisal fairness and performance feedback on extrarole customer service behavior directly and indirectly through organizational commitment and work engagement in the banking sector of Bangladesh. Moreover, the study evaluated the serial mediating effect of organizational commitment and work engagement in the aforesaid relationship. The study integrated the equity theory, job resource-demand theory, self-determination theory, and social exchange theory to establish theoretical connections. The research conveniently gathered 253 usable samples from the front-line bank officers employed in various private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The PLS-SEM path analysis showed that performance appraisal fairness and performance feedback significantly contribute to extra-role customer service behavior directly. Moreover, work engagement and organizational commitment partially as well as sequentially mediated the association. Based on the findings, the study presented both theoretical and practical implications of the results.

This study empirically investigates the association between board attributes and capital structure decisions of non-financial listed firms in Bangladesh. This study also investigates how this association is shaped and moderated by the level of insider ownership. The current study takes 3096 firm-year observations of firms that are listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange from 2004 to 2023. Multiple regression analysis on panel data was used, and pooled OLS was selected by resolving stationary issues. Moreover, this study used lagged variables and a GMM estimator to address endogeneity. The results show that both board size and board independence are more positively correlated with a firm’s leverage under conditions of a high level of inside ownership. On the other hand, without the moderating effect of inside ownership, gender diversity on the board does not have any significant impact on a firm’s leverage, and it turns into a positive association due to the moderating effect of inside ownership. This result is consistent with the existing theory and previous findings. After the introduction of corporate governance guidelines, the inside owners’ effect on board size and board independence became substantial, indicating that corporate governance guidelines with the moderating role of inside ownership play a significant role in capital structure decisions in Bangladeshi listed firms.