When the term Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is heard today, a multitude of concepts such as Corporate Social Responsibility, Social Responsibility, Sustainable Development or Sustainability comes to mind where, without losing the essence of what its implementation entails, it implies not the existence of a consensus that unifies everything into a theory. The objective of this study is to obtain a better understanding of the current situation and trends in this area of research. Thus, in this paper, bibliometrics is used to evaluate performance and productivity in CSR, and scientific maps to extract and classify the most important research topics in this area. The results obtained when analyzing the period 1978-2017 show the conceptual evolution of CSR research, demonstrating the growth potential of CSR, as well as its great development, being the main thematic areas identified: Financial Performance, Corporate Reputation, Ethics, Consumers, Employees and Risk.

The role of asynchronous and synchronous activities in university academic performance: A comparative study of traditional and inverted class methodologies

In recent years, one of the main priorities of companies has been to adapt their business activity and commercial strategy to be aligned with the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations, in its “2030 Agenda”. To overcome this challenge, companies develop and implement Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) strategies. One of the objectives that have generated the most interest is Goal 5 dedicated to promoting gender equality. This study analyzes the gender equality evolution in companies as part of CSR through Change Management (CM). To do this, a longitudinal study was carried in the last ten years with an analysis of the content of various reports from four of the most important banks in Spain. The results corroborate the growing interest of the largest Spanish financial institutions in gender equality. Being women's access to employment, salary gap information, and the presence of women on the board of directors a priority. Likewise, the CM appears as a lever for the achievement of the SDGs by the entities, gaining relevance in recent years, and being linked to the strategic approach and business objectives for the development of CSR.

Este artículo analiza la evolución y el estado de la investigación sobre la protección del inversor a través de un análisis bibliométrico y una revisión sistemática de la literatura. La metodología se basa en los artículos incluidos en la base de datos de Web of Science, utilizando el software bibliométrico SciMAT. Dentro de las principales conclusiones, este estudio revela la creciente importancia de la investigación sobre la protección del inversor en los últimos años, centrándose en los accionistas como figura principal, sin considerar otros tipos de inversores o incluso consumidores financieros, en general. La investigación sobre la protección del inversor ha evolucionado desde aspectos legales y corporativos a otros factores que se configuran como nuevas referencias para los inversores. Hasta el momento, los studios se centran principalmente en temas de gobierno corporativo, sin abordar otros factores ambientales y sociales vinculados a la agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible. Los resultados de este estudio muestran la necesidad de investigar sobre la protección del consumidor financiero en general, incluyendo además del gobierno corporativo, los factores medioambientales y sociales. Con respecto a las implicaciones prácticas, este trabajo podría servir para mostrar nuevas líneas de investigación futuras con el fin de evaluar la situación del consumidor financiero en un sentido amplio y mejorar las regulaciones para preservarlo.