Lubricants are of key importance for mechanical processing, and exist in nearly every mechanical system. When the equipment is in operation, debris particles will be generated in mechanical lubricants. The detection of debris particles can indicate the wear degree of machinery components, and provide prognosis warning for the system before the fault occurs. In this work, a novel type of inductive debris sensor consisting of two excitation coils and two sensing coils is proposed for online debris monitoring. The developed sensor was proven to be of high sensitivity through experimental verification. The testing results show that, using the designed sensor, ferrous metal debris with a size of 115 μm and nonferrous metal debris with a size of 313 μm in a pipe with an inner diameter of 12.7 mm can be effectively detected. Moreover, the proposed inductive debris sensor structure has better sensitivity at higher throughput and its design provides a useful insight into the development of high-quality sensors with superior performances.

Intravenous infusion is an important clinical medical intervention, and its safety is critical to patient recovery. To mitigate the elevated risk of complications (e.g., air embolism) arising from delayed response to infusion endpoints, this paper designs a flexible double pole capacitive (FPB) sensor, which includes a main pole plate, an adaptive pole plate, and a back shielding electrode. The sensor establishes a mapping between residual liquid volume in the infusion bottle and its equivalent capacitance, enabling a non-contact adaptive monitoring system. The system enables precise quantification of residual liquid levels, suppressing baseline drift induced by environmental temperature/humidity fluctuations and container variations via an adaptive algorithm, without requiring manual calibration, and overcomes the limitations of traditional rigid sensors when adapting to curved containers. Experimental results showed that the system achieved an overall sensitivity of 753.5 $\mathrm{f}\mathrm{F}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{m}$, main pole plate linearity of 1.99%, and adaptive pole plate linearity of 0.53% across different test subjects, linearity of 0.53% across different test subjects, with liquid level resolution accuracy reaching 1 mm. These results validate the system’s ultra-high resolution (1 mm) and robust adaptability.

Amid the rapid advancement of electronic information technology, the need for cable eccentricity measurement in the industry is increasing both in China and across the globe. Current detection methods have several flaws, including high costs, insufficient accuracy, and instability. In this paper, we introduce a magnetic field-based detection method for cable eccentricity that provides high precision and cost-effectiveness. We position three pairs of magnetic field-collection modules in a circular array to gather magnetic flux density information induced by the electrified cable. We apply the law of electromagnetic induction to calculate the cable eccentricity. Our method is non-contact, preserving the cable’s integrity. Our method outperforms traditional detection methods, not only in achieving greater accuracy and stability but also in significantly lowering the detection cost. Simulations and experiments show that our method’s error rate under specified conditions is 0~4%, with a maximum standard deviation of 0.11, confirming its precision and stability in detecting cable eccentricity. The effectiveness of our method is influenced by two factors: lift-off value and loading current intensity. Our method presents a novel concept and a dependable strategy for the progress of cable eccentricity-detection technology.

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys are attractive for functional and biomedical applications due to their shape memory effect, superelasticity, and favorable corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. In this work, the influence of strut size on the compressive response of laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) fabricated NiTi ortho-octahedral porous scaffolds was systematically investigated using combined experiments and finite element simulations. Four scaffold designs with identical unit-cell size (2 mm) but different strut sizes (280, 320, 360, and 400 μm) were fabricated, and their forming quality and deformation behaviors were examined. The as-built scaffolds exhibited high geometric fidelity to the CAD models and stable manufacturability across the investigated parameter range. Quasi-static compression tests revealed a typical three-stage response (linear-elastic regime, plateau/collapse regime, and densification), with both elastic modulus and compressive strength increasing markedly with strut size. Specifically, the modulus increased from 1.17 to 4.28 GPa and the compressive strength increased from 155 to 564 MPa as the strut size increased from 280 to 400 μm. A pronounced oscillatory plateau was observed for the 280 μm scaffolds, indicating progressive layer-by-layer collapse, whereas larger struts promoted a shear-band-dominated failure mode characterized by an approximately 45° fracture zone. Explicit quasi-static simulations reproduced the experimentally observed collapse sequence and demonstrated that stress preferentially concentrates at nodal junctions, with load transfer dominated by struts aligned with the loading direction. The agreement between experiments and simulations confirms the predictive capability of the proposed modeling framework and provides mechanistic insights into geometry-controlled failure. These findings establish a structure-property-failure relationship for PBF-LB/M-fabricated NiTi octahedral scaffolds and offer practical guidance for tailoring stiffness, strength, and collapse mode through strut-size design.

Before engineering vehicle hubs are put into official use, it is crucial to conduct safety inspections for cracks that may occur during the manufacturing process. This study proposes a rectangular flexible eddy current array sensor for detecting cracks on the curved surfaces of engineering vehicle hubs. The study begins with sensor design, proposing a quantitative analysis method for surface cracks on test samples based on the sensor’s structural characteristics. Through finite element simulation, the relationship between the sensor and the distribution of surface cracks on the sample is analyzed, revealing the correlation between the orientation angle of the sample cracks and the changes in the induced demodulated voltage characteristics of the receiving coil. Experiments conducted on steel plates demonstrated the feasibility of this method for quantifying crack length and orientation angle. Moreover, in the wheel hub surface crack detection experiment, this sensor also demonstrated certain detection capabilities.