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A series of B-doped V2O5/TiO2 catalysts has been prepared the by sol-gel and impregnation methods to investigate the influence of B-doping on the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction of H2 and temperature-programmed desorption of NH3 technology were used to study the effect of the B-doping on the structure and NH3-SCR activity of V2O5/TiO2 catalysts. The experimental results demonstrated that the introduction of B not only improved the low-temperature SCR activity of the catalysts, but also broadened the activity temperature window. The best SCR activity in the entire test temperature range is obtained for VTiB2.0 with 2.0% doping amount of B and the NOx conversion rate is up to 94.3 % at 210 °C. The crystal phase, specific surface area, valence state reducibility and surface acidity of the active components for the as-prepared catalysts are significantly affected by the B-doping, resulting in an improved NH3-SCR performance. These results suggest that the V2O5/TiO2 catalysts with an appropriate B content afford good candidates for SCR in the low temperature window.
Hanghang Li; Wei Zhao; Licheng Wu; Qian Wang; Danhong Shang; Qin Zhong. Boosting low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 of V2O5/TiO2 catalyst via B-doping. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleHanghang Li, Wei Zhao, Licheng Wu, Qian Wang, Danhong Shang, Qin Zhong. Boosting low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 of V2O5/TiO2 catalyst via B-doping. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHanghang Li; Wei Zhao; Licheng Wu; Qian Wang; Danhong Shang; Qin Zhong. 2021. "Boosting low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 of V2O5/TiO2 catalyst via B-doping." Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering , no. : 1.
Sorption enhanced gasification of biomass is a novel technology for high purity H2 production and simultaneous carbon negative emission. The effect of CaO on the H2 production process was normally qualitatively explained. To quantitatively study the enhancing mechanism of CaO, the sorption enhanced gasification of cellulose for H2 rich syngas production was carried out in a fixed-bed pyrolysis-gasification system, the amount of CO2 absorbed, the carbon conversion rate of volatiles as well as the changes in the role of CaO under different gasification conditions were quantitatively studied. The results showed that CaO acted as a CO2 absorbent and/or a catalyst depending on the gasification temperature. It functioned as both a CO2 absorbent and a catalyst at lower temperatures of 550–700 °C, and a maximum amount of CO2 absorbed by CaO was achieved at 550 °C as 189.88 ml/g cellulose, CaO catalyzed the volatiles gasification to produce more H2 and achieve more sufficiently conversion with increasing temperature. While when the gasification temperature ≥750 °C, CaO acted only as a catalyst. The optimized condition for sorption enhanced pyrolysis-gasification of cellulose was of gasification temperature of 650 °C and of mass ratio of CaO/cellulose of ≥4, under which the actual carbon conversion rate of volatiles achieved ∼90 wt.%.
Christian Fabrice Magoua Mbeugang; Bin Li; Dan Lin; Xing Xie; Shuaijun Wang; Shuang Wang; Shu Zhang; Yong Huang; Dongjing Liu; Qian Wang. Hydrogen rich syngas production from sorption enhanced gasification of cellulose in the presence of calcium oxide. Energy 2021, 228, 120659 .
AMA StyleChristian Fabrice Magoua Mbeugang, Bin Li, Dan Lin, Xing Xie, Shuaijun Wang, Shuang Wang, Shu Zhang, Yong Huang, Dongjing Liu, Qian Wang. Hydrogen rich syngas production from sorption enhanced gasification of cellulose in the presence of calcium oxide. Energy. 2021; 228 ():120659.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian Fabrice Magoua Mbeugang; Bin Li; Dan Lin; Xing Xie; Shuaijun Wang; Shuang Wang; Shu Zhang; Yong Huang; Dongjing Liu; Qian Wang. 2021. "Hydrogen rich syngas production from sorption enhanced gasification of cellulose in the presence of calcium oxide." Energy 228, no. : 120659.
Methanol has been considered as a promising alternative fuel for combustion engines. However, it is quite challenging to use it directly in compressed ignition engines because of its ignition issues, especially for low load conditions. In this research, methanol was blended with hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel (HCB) using n-octanol as co-solvent. A fundamental study on spray and combustion characteristics of two ternary blends (68% HCB+17% octanol+ 15% methanol by volume; 58% HCB+17% octanol+ 25% methanol by volume) and the pure HCB was carried out within a constant volume combustion chamber equipped with a single-hole injector. As in Part Ⅰ, the spray morphology, ignition delay, and flame lift-off length have been studied in detail. This part focuses on liquid length and in-flame soot formation of reacting sprays, which were quantified utilizing a diffused back-illumination extinction imaging technique. There is an overlapping area between the fuel liquid phase and flame for all three fuels under all operating points. The reduction on liquid length after ignition is more noticeable for pure HCB than other blends, because of its shorter lift-off length. The results show that the liquid length increases with increasing fraction of methanol in the mixtures, which is mainly governed by the high latent heat of vaporization of methanol. Furthermore, extra methanol addition brings a considerable reduction on in-flame soot production because of the leaner fuel combustion at longer flame lift-off length, as well as the more oxygen content within the blends.
Tiemin Xuan; Zhongcheng Sun; Ahmed I. El-Seesy; Yonggang Mi; Wenjun Zhong; Zhixia He; Qian Wang; Jianbing Sun; Hesham M. El-Batsh; Jiawei Cao. An optical study on spray and combustion characteristics of ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/methanol/n-octanol blends; part П: Liquid length and in-flame soot. Energy 2021, 227, 120543 .
AMA StyleTiemin Xuan, Zhongcheng Sun, Ahmed I. El-Seesy, Yonggang Mi, Wenjun Zhong, Zhixia He, Qian Wang, Jianbing Sun, Hesham M. El-Batsh, Jiawei Cao. An optical study on spray and combustion characteristics of ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/methanol/n-octanol blends; part П: Liquid length and in-flame soot. Energy. 2021; 227 ():120543.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiemin Xuan; Zhongcheng Sun; Ahmed I. El-Seesy; Yonggang Mi; Wenjun Zhong; Zhixia He; Qian Wang; Jianbing Sun; Hesham M. El-Batsh; Jiawei Cao. 2021. "An optical study on spray and combustion characteristics of ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/methanol/n-octanol blends; part П: Liquid length and in-flame soot." Energy 227, no. : 120543.
The natural gas (NG) jet characteristics of NG/diesel dual-fuel injection under different NG injection pressures and dual-fuel injection intervals were studied in a constant volume chamber. The schlieren images showed that the development of NG jet was restricted in both axial and radial directions by diesel spray under dual-fuel injection conditions. Consistently, dual-fuel injection reduced NG jet tip penetration, NG jet cone angle and NG jet volume, yet increased average fuel-air equivalent ratio, compared to NG single-fuel injection. The increase of NG injection pressure from 3 MPa to 5 MPa enhanced NG jet tip penetration and NG jet volume, yet decreased jet cone angle under both single-fuel and dual-fuel injection conditions. The negative effects of diesel spray on NG jet became gradually reduced with the increase of injection interval. When the injection interval was longer than 1.5 ms, NG jet characteristics were close to those under single-fuel conditions.
Peng Jiang; Xu Liu; Lixuan Cao; Qian Wang; Zhixia He. Experimental study on the gas jet characteristics of a diesel-piloted direct-injection natural gas engine. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 2021, 35, 1279 -1288.
AMA StylePeng Jiang, Xu Liu, Lixuan Cao, Qian Wang, Zhixia He. Experimental study on the gas jet characteristics of a diesel-piloted direct-injection natural gas engine. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology. 2021; 35 (3):1279-1288.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeng Jiang; Xu Liu; Lixuan Cao; Qian Wang; Zhixia He. 2021. "Experimental study on the gas jet characteristics of a diesel-piloted direct-injection natural gas engine." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 35, no. 3: 1279-1288.
Phase change materials used for the storage of thermal energy can play a critical role in the efficient use and conservation of solar energy. The effect of the different types of phase change materials on the thermodynamic performance of a direct vapor generation solar organic Rankine cycle system is evaluated in this study. The system consists of an array of evacuated flat plate collectors, phase change material based thermal storage, expander, condenser, and organic fluid pump. The thermodynamic cycle model of the ORC system is integrated with phase change material heat storage tank that is modeled using the finite difference method in MATLAB. The thermodynamic performance of the system is analyzed by using 12 different phase change materials. Effect of phase change materials on the thermodynamic performance of organic Rankine cycle including the net power output, rise and fall in the working fluid temperature, and on the amount of energy stored and released are evaluated and compared for charging and discharging mode. The results indicate that MgCl2·6H2O has shown the highest overall system’s efficiency. However, KNO2–NaNO3 and Acetamide have resulted in maximum ORC and collector efficiency, respectively. Moreover, Acetamide, KNO2–NaNO3 and Mg(NO3)2·6H2O have shown maximum rise and fall in organic fluid temperature, maximum net power and maximum amount of energy stored and released during charging and discharging mode. Salt hydrates have shown overall better performance among the selected PCMs in terms of overall system efficiencies and the amount of energy stored and released.
Jahan Zeb Alvi; Yongqiang Feng; Qian Wang; Muhammad Imran; Gang Pei. Effect of phase change materials on the performance of direct vapor generation solar organic Rankine cycle system. Energy 2021, 223, 120006 .
AMA StyleJahan Zeb Alvi, Yongqiang Feng, Qian Wang, Muhammad Imran, Gang Pei. Effect of phase change materials on the performance of direct vapor generation solar organic Rankine cycle system. Energy. 2021; 223 ():120006.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJahan Zeb Alvi; Yongqiang Feng; Qian Wang; Muhammad Imran; Gang Pei. 2021. "Effect of phase change materials on the performance of direct vapor generation solar organic Rankine cycle system." Energy 223, no. : 120006.
Working fluids can play a critical role in the working of an organic Rankine cycle system. A direct vapor generation solar organic Rankine cycle embedded with phase change material storage is analyzed in this study. The system comprised of an array of evacuated flat plate collectors, phase change material based thermal storage, expander, condenser, and organic working fluid pump. The storage tank model is modeled using a finite difference method in MATLAB programming environment while the 1D model of ORC system is used to evaluate the system performance. After a careful screen, 12 dry and isentropic working fluids were selected and their impact on the performance of the heat storage tank and the overall system is evaluated. The results show that the system efficiencies increase and decrease with the increment and decrement in the critical temperature of the working fluid. Moreover, the rise and fall of working fluid temperature, phase change material temperature, and the quantity of energy stored and released generally increase with an increase in the critical temperature of the working fluid. At the evaporation temperature of 10 °C higher and lower than the melting point temperature of the phase change material, Benzene has achieved the highest system efficiencies of 10.7% & 10.4% during charging and discharging mode, respectively. However, the maximum the rise and fall of working fluid temperature, phase change material temperature, and the quantity of energy stored and released during charging and discharging mode is attained by Heptane which is found to be 5.35 °C & 7.34 °C, 0.48 °C & 0.44 °C and 13.81 MJ & 23.04 MJ, respectively. Heptane has shown overall best performance among the selected working fluids and found to be feasible for phase change material storage based direct vapor generation solar ORC system.
Jahan Zeb Alvi; Yongqiang Feng; Qian Wang; Muhammad Imran; Gang Pei. Effect of working fluids on the performance of phase change material storage based direct vapor generation solar organic Rankine cycle system. Energy Reports 2021, 7, 348 -361.
AMA StyleJahan Zeb Alvi, Yongqiang Feng, Qian Wang, Muhammad Imran, Gang Pei. Effect of working fluids on the performance of phase change material storage based direct vapor generation solar organic Rankine cycle system. Energy Reports. 2021; 7 ():348-361.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJahan Zeb Alvi; Yongqiang Feng; Qian Wang; Muhammad Imran; Gang Pei. 2021. "Effect of working fluids on the performance of phase change material storage based direct vapor generation solar organic Rankine cycle system." Energy Reports 7, no. : 348-361.
A fundamental study on spray morphology, ignition delay, and flame lift-off length of two ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel (HCB)/methanol/n-octanol blends were carried out by performing visualization tests through high-speed Schlieren and OH* chemiluminescence simultaneously within a quiescent combustion chamber. The two ternary mixtures are 68% by volume HCB, 17% octanol, and 15% methanol, as well as 58% HCB, 17% octanol, and 25% methanol, which are denoted as M15 and M25 respectively. It was found that the mixture stability of HCB/methanol is significantly enhanced using n-octanol as the co-solvent. The pure HCB (M0) was also tested under the same operating conditions as references. All the sprays were injected into the chamber through an injector equipped with a single-hole nozzle. Experimental results show that spray of M0 presents a faster penetration, following by M15 and M25, which is mainly caused by the shorter ignition delay of M0; With the increase of methanol percentage in the blends, the stoichiometric fuel mass fraction increases because of the high oxygen content of methanol, which contributes to a longer ignition delay; There are two factors of the blended fuel properties affecting flame lift-off length, namely stoichiometric fuel mass fraction and cetane number. It was found the cetane number plays a much more important role than that of stoichiometric fuel mass fraction on lift-off length.
Tiemin Xuan; Zhongcheng Sun; Ahmed I. El-Seesy; Yonggang Mi; Wenjun Zhong; Zhixia He; Qian Wang; Jianbing Sun; Radwan M. El-Zoheiry. An optical study on spray and combustion characteristics of ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/methanol/n-octanol blends; part Ⅰ: Spray morphology, ignition delay, and flame lift-off length. Fuel 2020, 289, 119762 .
AMA StyleTiemin Xuan, Zhongcheng Sun, Ahmed I. El-Seesy, Yonggang Mi, Wenjun Zhong, Zhixia He, Qian Wang, Jianbing Sun, Radwan M. El-Zoheiry. An optical study on spray and combustion characteristics of ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/methanol/n-octanol blends; part Ⅰ: Spray morphology, ignition delay, and flame lift-off length. Fuel. 2020; 289 ():119762.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiemin Xuan; Zhongcheng Sun; Ahmed I. El-Seesy; Yonggang Mi; Wenjun Zhong; Zhixia He; Qian Wang; Jianbing Sun; Radwan M. El-Zoheiry. 2020. "An optical study on spray and combustion characteristics of ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/methanol/n-octanol blends; part Ⅰ: Spray morphology, ignition delay, and flame lift-off length." Fuel 289, no. : 119762.
Solar energy is a potential source for a thermal power generation system. A direct vapor generation solar organic Rankine cycle system using phase change material storage was analyzed in the present study. The overall system consisted of an arrangement of evacuated flat plate collectors, a phase-change-material-based thermal storage tank, a turbine, a water-cooled condenser, and an organic fluid pump. The MATLAB programming environment was used to develop the thermodynamic model of the whole system. The thermal storage tank was modeled using the finite difference method and the results were validated against experimental work carried out in the past. The hourly weather data of Karachi, Pakistan, was used to carry out the dynamic simulation of the system on a weekly, monthly, and annual basis. The impact of phase change material storage on the enhancement of the overall system performance during the charging and discharging modes was also evaluated. The annual organic Rankine cycle efficiency, system efficiency, and net power output were observed to be 12.16%, 9.38%, and 26.8 kW, respectively. The spring and autumn seasons showed better performance of the phase change material storage system compared to the summer and winter seasons. The rise in working fluid temperature, the fall in phase change material temperature, and the amount of heat stored by the thermal storage were found to be at a maximum in September, while their values became a minimum in February.
Jahan Zeb Alvi; Yongqiang Feng; Qian Wang; Muhammad Imran; Lehar Asip Khan; Gang Pei. Effect of Phase Change Material Storage on the Dynamic Performance of a Direct Vapor Generation Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System. Energies 2020, 13, 5904 .
AMA StyleJahan Zeb Alvi, Yongqiang Feng, Qian Wang, Muhammad Imran, Lehar Asip Khan, Gang Pei. Effect of Phase Change Material Storage on the Dynamic Performance of a Direct Vapor Generation Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System. Energies. 2020; 13 (22):5904.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJahan Zeb Alvi; Yongqiang Feng; Qian Wang; Muhammad Imran; Lehar Asip Khan; Gang Pei. 2020. "Effect of Phase Change Material Storage on the Dynamic Performance of a Direct Vapor Generation Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System." Energies 13, no. 22: 5904.
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is an effective technique used widely to meet current emission regulations. In this work, the mechanism of H2O and CO2 addition (a main component of exhaust gas) on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, the precursor of soot) formation was investigated numerically in ethanol diffusion flames, motivated by current concerns on particulate matter (PM) emissions when ethanol is applied to modern gasoline engines, especially under high load and temperature. To understanding the underlying mechanisms of H2O and CO2 on ethanol flame, a comprehensive chemical kinetic analysis was performed by modeling gas-phase chemistry with PAHs formation up to pyrene. In order to distinguish the important chemical role of H2O and CO2 addition through partial replacement of N2 from their thermal effects, additional calculations were performed with two fictitious species. The numerical results show that the thermal effect of H2O and CO2 reduces the peak flame temperature, but their chemical effect influences the peak flame temperature differently. The results also showed that the addition of either H2O or CO2 led to a significant reduction of PAHs via thermal and chemical effects. The chemical suppressing effect of H2O and CO2 addition on PAHs formation was identified and attributed to reduced PAHs precursor species and slow of PAH growth process. However, reaction pathway analysis showed that the chemical effects of H2O and CO2 influence the PAHs chemistry differently.
Nasreldin M. Mahmoud; Wenjun Zhong; Tasneem Abdalla; Qian Wang; Elbager M.A. Edreis. Chemical Effects of CO2 and H2O Addition on Aromatic Species in Ethanol/Air Diffusion Flame. Combustion Science and Technology 2020, 1 -19.
AMA StyleNasreldin M. Mahmoud, Wenjun Zhong, Tasneem Abdalla, Qian Wang, Elbager M.A. Edreis. Chemical Effects of CO2 and H2O Addition on Aromatic Species in Ethanol/Air Diffusion Flame. Combustion Science and Technology. 2020; ():1-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNasreldin M. Mahmoud; Wenjun Zhong; Tasneem Abdalla; Qian Wang; Elbager M.A. Edreis. 2020. "Chemical Effects of CO2 and H2O Addition on Aromatic Species in Ethanol/Air Diffusion Flame." Combustion Science and Technology , no. : 1-19.
The fuel properties in Gasoline Combustion ignition modes (GCI) have been adapted by mixing high reactivity fuels for improving poor combustion stability with pure gasoline. Precise control of the injector tip temperature, as well as the fuel temperature, are considered as the essential boundary conditions to conduct the fundamental investigation on combustion process of GCI spray. Therefore, the impacts of an injector cooling jacket on the spray and combustion developments of a mixture contains 60% gasoline and 40% hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel are studied using a constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC) working under GCI mode. A dummy injector is equipped with a thermocouple to measure the effects of the cooling jacket and ambient temperature on tip temperature. The Schlieren imaging and Diffused Background Illumination Extinction Imaging techniques are employed to visualize the reacting spray development and in-flame soot formation. The results illustrate that the injector tip temperature is well-controlled with aiding of the cooling jacket, which only increases by 35 K with increasing ambient temperature by 250 K. Furthermore, it is found from the optical experiments that the liquid length, ignition delay and lift-off length are enlarged for the cooling mode compared to that of the uncooled one. The cooling jacket also brings in a larger overlapping area between liquid length and flame lift-off length. However, the in-flame soot production for the cooling jacket is increased more than twice compared to that of the uncooled one.
Tiemin Xuan; Ahmed I. El-Seesy; Yonggang Mi; Peng Lu; Wenjun Zhong; Zhixia He; Qian Wang. Effects of an injector cooling jacket on combustion characteristics of compressed-ignition sprays with a gasoline-hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blend. Fuel 2020, 276, 117947 .
AMA StyleTiemin Xuan, Ahmed I. El-Seesy, Yonggang Mi, Peng Lu, Wenjun Zhong, Zhixia He, Qian Wang. Effects of an injector cooling jacket on combustion characteristics of compressed-ignition sprays with a gasoline-hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blend. Fuel. 2020; 276 ():117947.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiemin Xuan; Ahmed I. El-Seesy; Yonggang Mi; Peng Lu; Wenjun Zhong; Zhixia He; Qian Wang. 2020. "Effects of an injector cooling jacket on combustion characteristics of compressed-ignition sprays with a gasoline-hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blend." Fuel 276, no. : 117947.
The exergy, entropy, and entransy analysis for a dual-loop organic Rankine cycle (DORC) using a mixture of working fluids have been investigated in this study. A high-temperature (HT) loop was used to recover waste heat from internal combustion engine in 350 °C, and a low-temperature loop (LT) was used to absorb residual heat of engine exhaust gas and HT loop working fluids. Hexane/toluene, cyclopentane/toluene, and R123/toluene were selected as working fluid mixtures for HT loop, while R245fa/pentane was chosen for LT loop. Results indicated that the variation of entropy generation rate, entransy loss, entransy efficiency, and exergy loss are insensitive to the working fluids. The entransy loss rate and system net power output present the same variation trends, whereas a reverse trend for entropy generation rate and entransy efficiency, while the exergy analysis proved to be only utilized under fixed stream conditions. The results also showed that hexane/toluene is the preferred mixture fluid for DORC.
Shuang Wang; Wei Zhang; Yong-Qiang Feng; Xin Wang; Qian Wang; Yu-Zhuang Liu; Yu Wang; Lin Yao. Entropy, Entransy and Exergy Analysis of a Dual-Loop Organic Rankine Cycle (DORC) Using Mixture Working Fluids for Engine Waste Heat Recovery. Energies 2020, 13, 1301 .
AMA StyleShuang Wang, Wei Zhang, Yong-Qiang Feng, Xin Wang, Qian Wang, Yu-Zhuang Liu, Yu Wang, Lin Yao. Entropy, Entransy and Exergy Analysis of a Dual-Loop Organic Rankine Cycle (DORC) Using Mixture Working Fluids for Engine Waste Heat Recovery. Energies. 2020; 13 (6):1301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShuang Wang; Wei Zhang; Yong-Qiang Feng; Xin Wang; Qian Wang; Yu-Zhuang Liu; Yu Wang; Lin Yao. 2020. "Entropy, Entransy and Exergy Analysis of a Dual-Loop Organic Rankine Cycle (DORC) Using Mixture Working Fluids for Engine Waste Heat Recovery." Energies 13, no. 6: 1301.
The thermodynamic performance of a novel direct solar organic Rankine cycle system and conventional indirect solar organic Rankine cycle system is compared in this study. The working fluid is vaporized directly in the solar collectors in direct solar organic Rankine cycle system while heat transfer fluid is used to vaporize the working in indirect solar organic Rankine cycle system. The evacuated flat plate collectors array covering a total aperture area of 150 m2 is employed as a heat source and a phase change material tank having a surface area of 25.82 m2 is used as thermal storage for both configurations. R245fa and water are chosen as heat transfer fluids for direct and indirect solar organic Rankine cycle systems, respectively. However, R245fa is used as a working fluid for both configurations. The performance of both configurations is compared by carrying out weekly, monthly and annual dynamic simulations in MATLAB by using hourly weather data of Islamabad, Pakistan. The direct solar organic Rankine cycle system outperforms the indirect solar organic Rankine cycle system in terms of thermal efficiency and net power. The annual system efficiency and an annual average net power of the direct solar organic Rankine cycle system are 71.96% and 64.38% higher than indirect solar organic Rankine cycle system respectively. However, average annual heat stored by phase change material during charging mode of indirect solar organic Rankine cycle system is 4.24 MJ more than direct solar organic Rankine cycle system. Conversely, direct solar organic Rankine cycle system has provided annual daily average power of 33.80 kW extra to heat transfer fluid during the discharging mode of phase change material storage. Furthermore, with phase change material storage, the capacity factor is increased by 17% and 21.71% on annual basis for direct and indirect solar organic Rankine cycle systems, respectively.
Jahan Zeb Alvi; Yongqiang Feng; Qian Wang; Muhammad Imran; Junaid Alvi. Modelling, simulation and comparison of phase change material storage based direct and indirect solar organic Rankine cycle systems. Applied Thermal Engineering 2019, 170, 114780 .
AMA StyleJahan Zeb Alvi, Yongqiang Feng, Qian Wang, Muhammad Imran, Junaid Alvi. Modelling, simulation and comparison of phase change material storage based direct and indirect solar organic Rankine cycle systems. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2019; 170 ():114780.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJahan Zeb Alvi; Yongqiang Feng; Qian Wang; Muhammad Imran; Junaid Alvi. 2019. "Modelling, simulation and comparison of phase change material storage based direct and indirect solar organic Rankine cycle systems." Applied Thermal Engineering 170, no. : 114780.
Improving daytime loads can mitigate some of the challenges posed by solar variations in solar-integrated power systems. Thus, this simulation study investigated the different levels of daytime peak loads under varying solar penetration conditions in solar-integrated power systems to improve power generation cost performance based on different load profiles and to mitigate the challenges encountered due to solar variation. The daytime peak loads during solar photovoltaic generation hours were determined by measuring the solar load correlation coefficients between each load profile and the solar irradiation, and the generation costs were determined using a dynamic economic dispatch method with particle swarm optimization in a MATLAB environment. The results revealed that the lowest generation costs were generally associated with load profiles that had low solar load correlation coefficients. Conversely, the load profile with the highest positive solar load correlation coefficient exhibited the highest generation costs, which were mainly associated with violations of the supply-demand balance requirement. However, this profile also exhibited the lowest generation costs at high levels of solar penetration. This result indicates that improving daytime load management could improve generation costs under high solar penetration conditions. However, if the generation system lacks sufficient ramping capability, this technique could pose operational challenges that adversely impact power generation costs.
Stephen Afonaa-Mensah; Qian Wang; Benjamin B. Uzoejinwa. Investigation of Daytime Peak Loads to Improve the Power Generation Costs of Solar-Integrated Power Systems. International Journal of Photoenergy 2019, 2019, 1 -12.
AMA StyleStephen Afonaa-Mensah, Qian Wang, Benjamin B. Uzoejinwa. Investigation of Daytime Peak Loads to Improve the Power Generation Costs of Solar-Integrated Power Systems. International Journal of Photoenergy. 2019; 2019 ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen Afonaa-Mensah; Qian Wang; Benjamin B. Uzoejinwa. 2019. "Investigation of Daytime Peak Loads to Improve the Power Generation Costs of Solar-Integrated Power Systems." International Journal of Photoenergy 2019, no. : 1-12.
This study investigated the mitigation of solar-resource variation for utilization in power systems. A 24-h dynamic economic dispatch using particle swarm optimization was employed to analyze the impacts of the solar-load correlations on the solar power absorption and thus the generation cost. The positive and negative solar-load correlation conditions resulted in the best and worst solar absorption capabilities, respectively. The positive solar-load correlation initially exhibited a higher total cost of generation but was the most cost-effective when demand-side management was implemented. This study is useful for the grid integration of solar photovoltaics when power storage is not feasible.
Stephen Afonaa-Mensah; Qian Wang; Uzoejinwa Benjamin Bernard. Dynamic economic dispatch of a solar-integrated power system: impact of solar-load correlation on solar power absorption and its effects on the total cost of generation. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 2019, 1 -14.
AMA StyleStephen Afonaa-Mensah, Qian Wang, Uzoejinwa Benjamin Bernard. Dynamic economic dispatch of a solar-integrated power system: impact of solar-load correlation on solar power absorption and its effects on the total cost of generation. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2019; ():1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen Afonaa-Mensah; Qian Wang; Uzoejinwa Benjamin Bernard. 2019. "Dynamic economic dispatch of a solar-integrated power system: impact of solar-load correlation on solar power absorption and its effects on the total cost of generation." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects , no. : 1-14.
Monitoring the thermal behavior of distributed energy resources (DERs) network explores the dualism between thermal effects and electrical power flow. This paper proposes a design concept that monitors thermal conditions of DER grids, using ZigBee/GSM wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for real-time monitoring in rural and remote areas. The concept seeks to improve upon existing designs by integrating composite functions. The functions comprise temperature conditions monitoring, data acquisition, and wireless data transmission including data storage and abnormal conditions alert/notification for control solutions. Thus, the concept determines the thermal impact on the DERs integrated network. WSNs with temperature sensors LM35 are utilized to complement ZigBee and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technologies as a communication assisted link. Temperatures are measured from solar Photovoltaic PV modules, wind turbine, distribution cables, protection control units, and energy storage facilities. The ATMEGA328P microcontroller is assigned for signal and control processing. The circuit performance is coordinated and displayed on an LCD screen for normal conditions, whereas abnormal scenarios communicate through an alert/notification by GSM Short Message Service (SMS) protocol. The development analysis was performed through algorithm and circuit simulations. Proteus software was used for circuit design. Both the algorithm and circuit analysis passed the assigned simulation stages.
Emmanuel Kobina Payne; Shulin Lu; Qian Wang; Licheng Wu. Concept of Designing Thermal Condition Monitoring System with ZigBee/GSM Communication Link for Distributed Energy Resources Network in Rural and Remote Applications. Processes 2019, 7, 383 .
AMA StyleEmmanuel Kobina Payne, Shulin Lu, Qian Wang, Licheng Wu. Concept of Designing Thermal Condition Monitoring System with ZigBee/GSM Communication Link for Distributed Energy Resources Network in Rural and Remote Applications. Processes. 2019; 7 (6):383.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmmanuel Kobina Payne; Shulin Lu; Qian Wang; Licheng Wu. 2019. "Concept of Designing Thermal Condition Monitoring System with ZigBee/GSM Communication Link for Distributed Energy Resources Network in Rural and Remote Applications." Processes 7, no. 6: 383.
GCI combustion mode has become an interesting topic for high thermal efficiency and low emissions, while ignition problem and knocking combustion limited its application. The blending fuel of gasoline/Hydrogenated Catalytic Biodiesel (HCB) can extend the working conditions for GCI engines because there is no mixed and ignited problem. In this paper, the spray liquid length, ignition delay and flame lift-off length of three gasoline/HCB blends with different blending ratio are measured simultaneously in a constant volume combustion chamber for providing enough data to guide the gasoline/HCB blends used in GCI combustion mode. The experimental results show that the ignition delay and lift-off length decrease with increasing the proportion of HCB in blends, while the spray liquid length shows an opposite trend. Moreover, for gasoline/HCB blends, chemical ignition delay plays a leading role in the total ignition delay and the cycle-to-cycle variation will be decreased with increasing the blending ratio of HCB. On the other hand, the spray and combustion characteristics of G70H30 and G50H50 are compared with those of diesel for further applying the blended fuel in compression ignition engines. The natural luminosity intensity of diesel is higher than that of G50H50 and G70H30 even the injection pressure of diesel is higher than that of blending fuel, which means the blending fuels have relatively lower soot emission. Meanwhile, the ignition delay and flame lift-off length of G50H50 are getting close to the diesel results. Moreover, there is a big difference in ignition delay for these three fuels under low oxygen concentration, while the difference decreases with increasing the oxygen concentration.
Wenjun Zhong; Bei Li; Zhixia He; Tiemin Xuan; Peng Lu; Qian Wang. Experimental study on spray and combustion of gasoline/hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blends in a constant volume combustion chamber aimed for GCI engines. Fuel 2019, 253, 129 -138.
AMA StyleWenjun Zhong, Bei Li, Zhixia He, Tiemin Xuan, Peng Lu, Qian Wang. Experimental study on spray and combustion of gasoline/hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blends in a constant volume combustion chamber aimed for GCI engines. Fuel. 2019; 253 ():129-138.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenjun Zhong; Bei Li; Zhixia He; Tiemin Xuan; Peng Lu; Qian Wang. 2019. "Experimental study on spray and combustion of gasoline/hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blends in a constant volume combustion chamber aimed for GCI engines." Fuel 253, no. : 129-138.
The lubricant oil can prevent the leakages and reduce the expander friction losses, but blend with the pure working fluid because of the absence of oil separator and affect eventually the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) operation characteristic. Based on a 3 kW ORC experimental prototype, the effect of lubricant oil ratio (1.2%, 3.1%, 5.0%, 6.7% and 9.0%) using R123 on the system behavior under three different degree of superheating (5, 10 and 15 °C) has been investigated. The heat source temperature is fixed at 130 °C, while the mass flow rate is controlled by adjusting the pump frequency. The heat input is first amended, and the detailed components’ behaviors are examined. The system overall performance, including thermal efficiency and system generating efficiency is explored. Results demonstrated that the deviation between the calculated heat input and modified heat input is no more than 5%. The lubricant oil enhances the pump behavior, whereas deteriorates the expander shaft power and electrical power. Meanwhile, the thermal efficiency is insensitive on the lubricant oil ratio for a degree of superheating higher than 10 °C. The system generating efficiencies for degree of superheating of 10 and 15 °C are in range of 5.44–5.61% (3.03%) and 5.34–5.69% (6.15%), respectively.
Yong-Qiang Feng; Tzu-Chen Hung; Ya-Ling He; Qian Wang; Shih-Chi Chen; Shang-Lun Wu; Chih-Hung Lin. Experimental investigation of lubricant oil on a 3 kW organic Rankine cycle (ORC) using R123. Energy Conversion and Management 2019, 182, 340 -350.
AMA StyleYong-Qiang Feng, Tzu-Chen Hung, Ya-Ling He, Qian Wang, Shih-Chi Chen, Shang-Lun Wu, Chih-Hung Lin. Experimental investigation of lubricant oil on a 3 kW organic Rankine cycle (ORC) using R123. Energy Conversion and Management. 2019; 182 ():340-350.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYong-Qiang Feng; Tzu-Chen Hung; Ya-Ling He; Qian Wang; Shih-Chi Chen; Shang-Lun Wu; Chih-Hung Lin. 2019. "Experimental investigation of lubricant oil on a 3 kW organic Rankine cycle (ORC) using R123." Energy Conversion and Management 182, no. : 340-350.
Because of the challenge of meeting stringent emissions regulations for internal combustion engines, some advanced low temperature combustion modes have been raised in recent decades to improve combustion efficiency. Therefore, detailed understanding and capability for accurate prediction of in-flame soot processes under such low sooting conditions are becoming necessary. Nowadays, a lot of investigations have been carried out to quantify in-flame soot in Diesel sprays under high sooting conditions by means of different optical techniques. However, no information of soot quantification can be found for sooting/non-sooting critical conditions. In current study, the instantaneous soot production in a two-stroke optical engine under low sooting conditions has been measured by means of a Diffused back-illumination extinction technique (DBI) and two-color method (2C) simultaneously. The fuels used were n-dodecane and n-heptane, which have been injected separately though two different injectors equipped with single-hole nozzles. A large cycle-to-cycle variation on soot production can be observed under such operating conditions, however the in-cylinder heat release traces were quite repeatable. It is the same with the well-known trends of soot amount to operating conditions that the probability of sooting cycles increases with higher ambient temperature, higher ambient density and lower injection pressure. Both techniques present a pretty good agreement on soot amount when the peak of KL value is close to 1. However, the KL value of two-color method becomes bigger than that of DBI and the difference increases with lower sooting conditions.
Tiemin Xuan; José V. Pastor; José María García-Oliver; Antonio García; Zhixia He; Qian Wang; Miriam Reyes. In-flame soot quantification of diesel sprays under sooting/non-sooting critical conditions in an optical engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 2018, 149, 1 -10.
AMA StyleTiemin Xuan, José V. Pastor, José María García-Oliver, Antonio García, Zhixia He, Qian Wang, Miriam Reyes. In-flame soot quantification of diesel sprays under sooting/non-sooting critical conditions in an optical engine. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2018; 149 ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiemin Xuan; José V. Pastor; José María García-Oliver; Antonio García; Zhixia He; Qian Wang; Miriam Reyes. 2018. "In-flame soot quantification of diesel sprays under sooting/non-sooting critical conditions in an optical engine." Applied Thermal Engineering 149, no. : 1-10.
The fundamental research on ignition and combustion characteristics of a new blended fuel (diesel/Hydrogenated Catalytic Biodiesel) was investigated in a constant volume combustion chamber. The ignition delay, initial ignition position and flame lift-off length were researched via natural flame imaging and broadband chemiluminescence under various ambient temperatures and oxygen concentrations. After that, the emissions characteristics of diesel and blending fuel of B20 were compared in a four-cylinder direct injection diesel engine. Results show that the ignition delay and flame lift-off length decrease with increasing blend ratio of Hydrogenated Catalytic Biodiesel in diesel fuel blends. The gap of flame lift-off length caused by different blend ratios became narrow when Hydrogenated Catalytic Biodiesel exceeds 20% under different oxygen concentrations indicating the effect of chemical properties of fuel on flame lift-off length is declining. Furthermore, the blending fuel of B20 has lower PM emission compared with pure diesel while fuel economy is quite similar.
Wenjun Zhong; Tamilselvan Pachiannan; Zhixia He; Tiemin Xuan; Qian Wang. Experimental study of ignition, lift-off length and emission characteristics of diesel/hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blends. Applied Energy 2018, 235, 641 -652.
AMA StyleWenjun Zhong, Tamilselvan Pachiannan, Zhixia He, Tiemin Xuan, Qian Wang. Experimental study of ignition, lift-off length and emission characteristics of diesel/hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blends. Applied Energy. 2018; 235 ():641-652.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenjun Zhong; Tamilselvan Pachiannan; Zhixia He; Tiemin Xuan; Qian Wang. 2018. "Experimental study of ignition, lift-off length and emission characteristics of diesel/hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel blends." Applied Energy 235, no. : 641-652.
Mixture working fluids can reduce effectively energy loss at heat sources and heat sinks, and therefore enhance the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) performance. The entropy and entransy dissipation analyses of a basic ORC system to recover low-grade waste heat using three mixture working fluids (R245fa/R227ea, R245fa/R152a and R245fa/pentane) have been investigated in this study. The basic ORC includes four components: an expander, a condenser, a pump and an evaporator. The heat source temperature is 120 °C while the condenser temperature is 20 °C. The effects of four operating parameters (evaporator outlet temperature, condenser temperature, pinch point temperature difference, degree of superheat), as well as the mass fraction, on entransy dissipation and entropy generation were examined. Results demonstrated that the entransy dissipation is insensitive to the mass fraction of R245fa. The entropy generation distributions at the evaporator for R245/pentane, R245fa/R152a and R245fa/R227ea are in ranges of 66–74%, 68–80% and 66–75%, respectively, with the corresponding entropy generation at the condenser ranges of 13–21%, 4–17% and 11–21%, respectively, while those at the expander for R245/pentane, R245fa/R152a and R245fa/R227ea are approaching 13%, 15% and 14%, respectively. The optimal mass fraction of R245fa for the minimum entropy generation is 0.6 using R245fa/R152a.
Yong-Qiang Feng; Qian-Hao Luo; Qian Wang; Shuang Wang; Zhi-Xia He; Wei Zhang; Xin Wang; Qing-Song An. Entropy and Entransy Dissipation Analysis of a Basic Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) to Recover Low-Grade Waste Heat Using Mixture Working Fluids. Entropy 2018, 20, 818 .
AMA StyleYong-Qiang Feng, Qian-Hao Luo, Qian Wang, Shuang Wang, Zhi-Xia He, Wei Zhang, Xin Wang, Qing-Song An. Entropy and Entransy Dissipation Analysis of a Basic Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) to Recover Low-Grade Waste Heat Using Mixture Working Fluids. Entropy. 2018; 20 (11):818.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYong-Qiang Feng; Qian-Hao Luo; Qian Wang; Shuang Wang; Zhi-Xia He; Wei Zhang; Xin Wang; Qing-Song An. 2018. "Entropy and Entransy Dissipation Analysis of a Basic Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) to Recover Low-Grade Waste Heat Using Mixture Working Fluids." Entropy 20, no. 11: 818.