A recorded CRI of 84.8 in Ce,(Pr,Mn):YAG TCs for high-power LEDs/LDs was achieved by the synchronous doping of Pr ³⁺ and Mn ²⁺ ions.

Ce:YAG transparent ceramics have great potential in white LEDs, especially under high power packaging technology, due to their superior thermal performance. However, their interactions and the synergistic effects among multiple factors limit the in-depth understanding and higher efficiency conversion of these ceramics for popular applications, and the single variable research approach is incapable of addressing the complex and diverse requirements for luminescence performance in as-constructed LED devices. In this work, for the first time, orthogonal experiments were designed to comprehensively evaluate the composite effects of thickness, doping concentration and surface roughness on the luminous efficiency and ideal white light of a constructed device with the assistance of the Taguchi method and one-way variance analysis. High throughput fabrication of ceramics was achieved using the novel Isobam gel casting method plus vacuum sintering. The Ce³⁺ doping concentration was proved to be the most dominant of these factors for excellent luminescence performance. The optimized factors of ceramics for luminous efficiency were 1.5 mm thickness, 0.2 at% Ce³⁺ concentration and double-polishing of surface roughness, while the optimized factors for good CIE were 0.4 mm thickness, 0.05 at% Ce³⁺ concentration and double-polishing. Therefore, this work not only shows how the Taguchi method can achieve a better group of multiple factors, but also how the synergistic effects of these factors work together. They significantly affect the optical properties of Ce:YAG ceramics and their performance in high power LED applications. These results are crucial for advancing transparent ceramics applications.

With the continuous expansion of the application range of microelectromechanical systems, microdevice forming technology has achieved remarkable results. However, it is challenging to develop new microforming processes that are low cost, environmentally friendly, and highly flexible; the high-energy shock wave in a cavitation bubble’s collapse process is used as the loading force. Herein, a new process for the microbulging of the water-jet cavitation is proposed. A series of experiments involving the water-jet cavitation shock microbulging process for TA2 titanium foil is performed on an experimental system. The microforming feasibility of the water-jet cavitation is investigated by characterizing the shape of the formed part. Subsequently, the effects of the main parameters of the water-jet cavitation on the bulging profile, forming depth, surface roughness, and bulging thickness distribution of TA2 titanium foil are revealed. The results show that the plastic deformation increases nonlinearly with the incident pressure. When the incident pressure is 20 MPa, the maximum deformation exceeds 240 μm, and the thickness thinning ratio changes within 10%. The microbulging feasibility of water-jet cavitation is verified by this phenomenon.