Virtual reality (VR) technology has made remarkable progress in recent years and will be widely used in the future. As a bridge for information exchanges between users and VR systems, the interaction interface is pivotal for providing users with a good experience and has emerged as a key research focus. In this review, we conducted a comprehensive search of the Web of Science and CNKI databases from 2011 to 2023 to identify articles dedicated to VR interaction interface design. Through a meticulous analysis of 438 articles, this paper offers a substantial contribution to the emerging field of VR interactive interface research, providing an in-depth review of the principal research advancements. This review revealed that the majority of studies are centered on practical case analyses within specific application scenarios, employing empirical evaluation methods to assess objective or subjective metrics. We then concentrated on elucidating the foundational principles of interface design and their evaluation methodologies, providing a reference for future research endeavors. Additionally, the limitations, challenges, and future directions in VR interaction interface design research were discussed, highlighting the need for further research in design evaluation to continuously refine the development of standards and guidelines for VR interactive interface design. According to the findings of this review, there is a necessity to enhance research on information design for multi-channel interactive interfaces. Furthermore, it is essential to focus on the diverse characteristics of users to propose more inclusive design solutions. Adopting interdisciplinary approaches could lead to breakthroughs in the creation of personalized and adaptive VR interaction interfaces.

Island tourism faces challenges due to evolving issues and limited participation from diverse and marginalised groups, undermining efforts towards sustainability. To address these challenges, this study advances a co-design approach that foregrounds the role of infrastructure as an enabling foundation for ongoing participation and collaborative innovation. It draws on a six-month co-design project on Mayu Island in Southeast China, a community in transition from fishing to tourism. Instead of directly proposing solutions or development ideas, the design teams engaged government officials, business owners, residents, and tourists through a set of socio-material arrangements, including mapping, an interactive exhibition, and co-design workshops. This process yielded two collaboratively developed solutions: a new cleaning schedule to address beach litter and the repurposing of an underutilised parking lot to support vendors. Building on these outcomes, a co-design infrastructure is proposed, comprising three interconnected components: mapping (surfacing complex relationships), narrating (embedding lived narratives), and deriving (enabling exploration of new possibilities). The findings demonstrate how the co-design infrastructure process brings diverse voices to the surface, fosters collective meaning-making, and supports adaptive problem-solving. Furthermore, the features of islandness specific to Mayu Island are analysed to highlight how they shape co-design strategies and outcomes, reinforcing the importance of context-sensitive approaches in island settings. Ultimately, the study demonstrates how co-design infrastructure processes can support more grounded and enduring forms of island tourism development.