Background: The COVID-19 pandemic introduced unprecedented challenges to medical education systems and medical students worldwide, making it necessary to adapt teaching to a remote methodology during the academic year 2020–2021. The aim of this study was to characterize the association between medical professionalism and dropout intention during the pandemic in Peruvian medical schools. Methods: A cross-sectional online-survey-based study was performed in four Peruvian medical schools (two public) during the academic year 2020–2021. Medical students, attending classes from home, answered three scales measuring clinical empathy, teamwork, and lifelong learning abilities (three elements of medical professionalism) and four scales measuring loneliness, anxiety, depression, and subjective wellbeing. In addition, 15 demographic, epidemiological, and academic variables (including dropout intention) were collected. Variables were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The study sample was composed of 1107 students (390 male). Eight variables were included in an explanatory model (Nagelkerke-R² = 0.35). Anxiety, depression, intention to work in the private sector, and teamwork abilities showed positive associations with dropout intention while learning abilities, subjective wellbeing, studying in a public medical school, and acquiring a better perception of medicine during the pandemic showed a negative association with dropout intention. No association was observed for empathy. Conclusions: Each element measured showed a different role, providing new clues on the influence that medical professionalism had on dropout intention during the pandemic. This information can be useful for medical educators to have a better understanding of the influence that professionalism plays in dropout intention.

University tutoring plays a quality-oriented role, as it is considered as part of the evaluation process that comprises one of the quality standards at the university level. The research had the objective of determining the relationship between university tutoring and academic performance in students of the Language, Literature, Psychology and Philosophy Program. Methodologically, the research was of a descriptive correlational type. The sample consisted of 302 students, a questionnaire of 27 indicators referring to university tutoring was applied and for the academic performance variable a documentary analysis guide was applied. To establish the correlation between the variables studied, Spearman's Rho coefficient was used. The results indicate that there is a high correlation between university tutoring and academic performance, which is represented by a Spearman's Correlation equal to 0.757*. Therefore, it is concluded that the greater the attention to university tutoring, the better the academic performance of students and more than 75% of teachers apply university tutoring adequately. La tutoría universitaria, desempeña una función orientada a la calidad, al ser considerada como parte del proceso de evaluación que comprende uno de los estándares de calidad a nivel de universidad. La investigación tuvo el objetivo de determinar la relación entre tutoría universitaria y desempeño académico en estudiantes del Programa de Lengua, Literatura, Psicología y Filosofía. Metodológicamente, la investigación fue de tipo descriptivo correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 302 estudiantes, se aplicó un cuestionario de 27 indicadores referente a tutoría universitaria y para la variable desempeño académico se aplicó una guía de análisis documentario. Para establecer la correlación entre las variables estudiadas, se utilizó el coeficiente Rho de Spearman. Los resultados indican que existe una correlación alta entre la tutoría universitaria y el desempeño académico, que se representan en una Correlación de Spearman igual a 0.757*. Por tanto, se concluye que a mayor atención a la tutoría universitaria será mejor el desempeño académico de los estudiantes y más del 75% de docentes aplican una tutoría universitaria de manera adecuada.

El estrés laboral es un fenómeno frecuente en la sociedad actual que afecta la salud física y mental de los empleados, así como al clima organizacional, del cual debe formar parte de la agenda de salud pública. El objetivo del estudio: identificar la relación que existe entre el estrés y el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores administrativos en Puno, Perú. Se empleó el paradigma cuantitativo de carácter prospectivo, observacional, descriptivo y analítico, donde se aplicó una encuesta validada a una muestra representativa de colaboradores administrativos. Los resultados muestran que la variable estrés laboral es un problema importante para quienes trabajan como colaboradores administrativos, ya que la totalidad de los encuestados experimentó estrés en el trabajo; asimismo, un 83% manifestó sentirse agotado emocionalmente y fatigado al final de la jornada de trabajo; otros 65% de trabajadores adquirieron enfermedades físicas como gastritis, dolores de cabeza, migrañas o dolor de espalda; además, el 66% experimentó ansiedad, agonía o ira. En conclusión, se debe precisar que el rendimiento laboral se ve afectado a medida que aumentan los niveles de estrés, pues ello sugiere que el estrés tiene efectos negativos en la salud de los CA, ya sea en el trabajo o en la eficacia de sus funciones.

Over 20 million newborns worldwide are born with low birth weight (LBW), prompting the WHO to establish a target of a 30% reduction by 2025. To achieve this goal, developing countries must implement effective policies to address contributing factors. This study aimed to identify the socioeconomic factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) in the Peruvian Andes, a region characterized by monetary poverty. A quantitative approach with an explanatory design was adopted, utilizing 2,408 records of women with singleton deliveries, assessed from the 22nd week of pregnancy with fetuses weighing ≥500 g, through term delivery, along with their newborns (NB) at the Regional Hospital of Ayacucho, Peru. The odds of socioeconomic factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) were evaluated using odds ratio and Pearson's Chi-Square test, with a p-value <0.01. The results of this study indicate that mothers with Grade II and Grade I anemia had a 3.45-fold and 1.89-fold increased risk, respectively, of delivering newborns with low birth weight (LBW) (95% CI; p < 0.05). Another significant factor was a household income below 1,000.00 soles (<268 USD/month), which was associated with a 3.59-fold increased risk of having a newborn with LBW (95% CI: 1.58–5.51; p < 0.05). Más de 20 millones de recién nacidos en el mundo presentan bajo peso al nacer (BPN), lo que ha llevado a la OMS a establecer un objetivo de reducción del 30% para 2025. Lograrlo requiere que los países en desarrollo implementen políticas efectivas para abordar los factores contribuyentes. El propósito de este estudio fue identificar los factores socioeconómicos asociados al bajo peso al nacer (BPN) en los Andes de Perú, con pobreza monetaria. Este estudio adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño explicativo, y se realizó utilizando 2,408 registros de mujeres con partos simples, evaluadas a partir de la semana 22 de gestación, con fetos de ≥ 500 g, hasta el parto a término, junto con sus recién nacidos (RN), en el Hospital Regional de Ayacucho, Perú. Se evaluaron las probabilidades de los factores socioeconómicos asociados al bajo peso al nacer (BPN) mediante el uso de la razón de momios (odds ratio) y el estadístico de Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson, con un valor de P < 0.01. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que las madres con anemia de Grado II y Grado I presentaron un riesgo 3,45 y 1,89 veces mayor, respectivamente, de tener un recién nacido con bajo peso al nacer (BPN) (IC del 95%; p<0,05). Otro factor significativo fue el salario familiar menor 1000,00 soles (<268 USD/mes), el cual se asoció con un riesgo 3,59 veces mayor de tener un recién nacido con BPN (IC del 95%: 1,58-5,51; p<0,05). Mais de 20 milhões de recém-nascidos no mundo apresentam baixo peso ao nascer (BPN), o que levou a OMS a estabelecer uma meta de redução de 30% até 2025. Para alcançar esse objetivo, é necessário que os países em desenvolvimento implementem políticas eficazes para abordar os fatores contribuintes. O propósito deste estudo foi identificar os fatores socioeconômicos associados ao baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) nos Andes do Peru, uma região marcada pela pobreza monetária. Este estudo adotou uma abordagem quantitativa com um delineamento explicativo, utilizando 2.408 registros de mulheres com partos simples, avaliadas a partir da 22ª semana de gestação, com fetos de ≥ 500 g, até o parto a termo, juntamente com seus recém-nascidos (RN), no Hospital Regional de Ayacucho, Peru. As probabilidades dos fatores socioeconômicos associados ao baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) foram avaliadas por meio da razão de chances (odds ratio) e do teste de Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, com valor de p<0,01. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que mães com anemia de Grau II e Grau I apresentaram um risco 3,45 e 1,89 vezes maior, respectivamente, de terem recém-nascidos com baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) (IC de 95%; p<0,05). Outro fator significativo foi a renda familiar inferior a 1.000,00 soles (<268 USD/mês), associada a um risco 3,59 vezes maior de ter um recém-nascido com BPN (IC de 95%: 1,58–5,51; p < 0,05).

Objective: The study aims to apply the models proposed in Knowledge Management (KM) for the rescue of the cultural heritage of the Siku instrument, with the Peruvian Altiplano as a scenario. Theoretical Framework: The siku originates from the Aymara people and is a cultural manifestation rooted in the Andean highlands. It is considered a gift from Mother Earth and symbolizes the connection between the human being and the sounds it emanates. Method: The methodological approach was approached from a qualitative perspective, using the ethnomethodological method through an inductive approach. We worked with two groups of participants, the first one composed of four members of the Conjunto de Arte y Folklore Sicuris "Juventud Obrera", who are considered heirs of the Aymara tradition; and the second one was constituted by six young people from the urbanization El Progreso, who reflected on the meaning of the cultural heritage of the native peoples in the Andes. Results: The results are presented in two categories: a) diagnosis, b) final assessment, where a real socio-critical transformation mediated by adequate QA can be observed. Conclusions: It highlights on a large scale the role of the Siku as an aboriginal Aymara ethnic group and cultural heritage of the Andean Altiplano; likewise, by way of projection, three essential questions stand out, which are: what measures can the State take to rescue Peru's ancestral traditions? What programs can be developed through education so that society appropriates the millenary cultural heritage? Could this experience be replicated in other aboriginal communities with other thematic approaches?

Over 20 million newborns worldwide are born with low birth weight (LBW), prompting the WHO to establish a target of a 30% reduction by 2025. To achieve this goal, developing countries must implement effective policies to address contributing factors. This study aimed to identify the socioeconomic factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) in the Peruvian Andes, a region characterized by monetary poverty. A quantitative approach with an explanatory design was adopted, utilizing 2,408 records of women with singleton deliveries, assessed from the 22nd week of pregnancy with fetuses weighing ≥500 g, through term delivery, along with their newborns (NB) at the Regional Hospital of Ayacucho, Peru. The odds of socioeconomic factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) were evaluated using odds ratio and Pearson's Chi-Square test, with a p-value <0.01. The results of this study indicate that mothers with Grade II and Grade I anemia had a 3.45-fold and 1.89-fold increased risk, respectively, of delivering newborns with low birth weight (LBW) (95% CI; p < 0.05). Another significant factor was a household income below 1,000.00 soles (<268 USD/month), which was associated with a 3.59-fold increased risk of having a newborn with LBW (95% CI: 1.58–5.51; p < 0.05). Más de 20 millones de recién nacidos en el mundo presentan bajo peso al nacer (BPN), lo que ha llevado a la OMS a establecer un objetivo de reducción del 30% para 2025. Lograrlo requiere que los países en desarrollo implementen políticas efectivas para abordar los factores contribuyentes. El propósito de este estudio fue identificar los factores socioeconómicos asociados al bajo peso al nacer (BPN) en los Andes de Perú, con pobreza monetaria. Este estudio adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño explicativo, y se realizó utilizando 2,408 registros de mujeres con partos simples, evaluadas a partir de la semana 22 de gestación, con fetos de ≥ 500 g, hasta el parto a término, junto con sus recién nacidos (RN), en el Hospital Regional de Ayacucho, Perú. Se evaluaron las probabilidades de los factores socioeconómicos asociados al bajo peso al nacer (BPN) mediante el uso de la razón de momios (odds ratio) y el estadístico de Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson, con un valor de P < 0.01. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que las madres con anemia de Grado II y Grado I presentaron un riesgo 3,45 y 1,89 veces mayor, respectivamente, de tener un recién nacido con bajo peso al nacer (BPN) (IC del 95%; p<0,05). Otro factor significativo fue el salario familiar menor 1000,00 soles (<268 USD/mes), el cual se asoció con un riesgo 3,59 veces mayor de tener un recién nacido con BPN (IC del 95%: 1,58-5,51; p<0,05). Mais de 20 milhões de recém-nascidos no mundo apresentam baixo peso ao nascer (BPN), o que levou a OMS a estabelecer uma meta de redução de 30% até 2025. Para alcançar esse objetivo, é necessário que os países em desenvolvimento implementem políticas eficazes para abordar os fatores contribuintes. O propósito deste estudo foi identificar os fatores socioeconômicos associados ao baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) nos Andes do Peru, uma região marcada pela pobreza monetária. Este estudo adotou uma abordagem quantitativa com um delineamento explicativo, utilizando 2.408 registros de mulheres com partos simples, avaliadas a partir da 22ª semana de gestação, com fetos de ≥ 500 g, até o parto a termo, juntamente com seus recém-nascidos (RN), no Hospital Regional de Ayacucho, Peru. As probabilidades dos fatores socioeconômicos associados ao baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) foram avaliadas por meio da razão de chances (odds ratio) e do teste de Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, com valor de p<0,01. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que mães com anemia de Grau II e Grau I apresentaram um risco 3,45 e 1,89 vezes maior, respectivamente, de terem recém-nascidos com baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) (IC de 95%; p<0,05). Outro fator significativo foi a renda familiar inferior a 1.000,00 soles (<268 USD/mês), associada a um risco 3,59 vezes maior de ter um recém-nascido com BPN (IC de 95%: 1,58–5,51; p < 0,05).