The food security of each country depends on agricultural development, which is sensitive to the implementation of agricultural public policies. These must evolve as new ruralities arise, with new phenomena, such as climate change, ecosystem services, changes in consumer preferences, globalization, sustainability and ecological awareness. Hence, of ex-ante and ex-post evaluations of agricultural policies, are important because they provide timely information to government entities. There are different methodologies for policy evaluation, which have evolved over time. This systematic review aims to identify manuscript that systematically review methodologies, policies and variables evaluated during the last 50 years to determine whether a policy has been efficient. To assess the quality of the included manuscript and to describe the measures and domains identified. EBSCO, Dialnet, SciELO, Scopus, Science Direct, Dimensions and Web of Science were searched. A total of 154 manuscript were identified, the review was finalized by reviewing the title, and abstract and the review was finalized by reviewing the title, abstract and full text, resolving disagreements. Of these 154 manuscripts, 37 met the criteria and were included in the analysis. PRISMA checklists were used to evaluate the methodology. It were found that there are few studies on the design of evaluation methodologies for agricultural policies in the literature. Research shows that the latest policy evaluation proposals present more complex methodologies involving tools such as machine learning and agent-based modelling (ABM). On the other hand, the issue of sustainability as a policy is seen in the agri-environmental policy evaluation. The evolution of agricultural policy methodologies can be observed at the beginning with the use of quantitative methodologies, such as matrices, statistics and econometrics. With the emergence of new variables, such as agri-environmental variables, citizen participation and market opening, methodologies have become more comprehensive, combining qualitative and quantitative variables. Methodologies were identified that evaluate robust agricultural policies and others that focus on the evaluation of one or two policies. These studies are important for research that focuses not only on the evaluation of agricultural policies but also on their design and implementation processes.

Rural areas near large cities do not satisfy the food needs of the city’s population. In Medellín, Colombia, these areas satisfy only 2% of the city’s food needs, highlighting an urgent need to review and improve policies supporting agriculture. This study was conducted over a ten-year period since the release of the Medellín policy related to land use. The model uses agent-based modelling, geographic analysis and dichotomous variables, combining these structures to create a decision-making element and thus identify changes to examine in relation to current land use and detect properties with a potential for conversion to agricultural use. By evaluating post-processed geographic layers, land use in agricultural rural environments is prioritized, setting up clusters of homogeneous zones and finding new areas of rural influence. The implications of this study extend beyond Medellín, offering a model that can be applied to other regions facing similar challenges in agricultural productivity and land use. This research supports informed and effective decision-making in agricultural policy, contributing to improved food security and sustainable development. The results show that some properties are susceptible to policy changes and provide a framework for the revision of local regulations, serving as a support tool for decision-making in rural public policies by giving the local administration key factors to update in the current policies. The findings are relevant to local stakeholders, including policymakers and rural landowners, suggesting that several properties are susceptible to policy changes promoting agriculture and supporting informed decision-making in agricultural policy, contributing to food security and sustainable development. Also, this approach promotes efficient and sustainable agriculture, highlighting the importance of geographic analysis and agent-based modelling in policy planning and evaluation.

En Medellín, la vía que atraviesa el parque de Robledo ha jugado un papel importante como ruta de acceso a diferentes barrios del occidente y a municipios de la subregión occidental antioqueña. Diariamente, cientos de vehículos transitan por allí, por lo que esta se identifica como la única vía de acceso, situación por la que en ciertas horas del día se torna lenta. A pesar de que se buscan vías alternas, no se encuentran resultados satisfactorios, ya que la única posibilidad está igual o más congestionada que la primera. En este documento se propone realizar un análisis de la problemática de congestión vial presentada en la vía del parque de Robledo en el sentido oriente-occidente, mediante simulación basada en agentes. Para la realización del modelo de simulación, se caracterizan los individuos por medio de rasgos relevantes, y a su vez se desarrolla una evaluación del comportamiento por mejorar en capacidad vial por ampliación, y la validación respectiva de los resultados obtenidos por medio de esta alternativa. Como resultado se observa que la adecuación de la vía mediante su ampliación facilita y mejora las condiciones de movilidad, aumentando hasta en un 20 % la velocidad de desplazamiento y optimizándose la capacidad vehicular del trayecto hasta el doble en horas pico.

The increase in the number of vehicles in highly dense areas with a limited road network has become a challenge for main cities worldwide. Recent decades demographic and economic growth has generated a gradual increase in traffic congestion and the commutation times of inhabitants, which directly affects their productivity and quality of life. To counteract these impacts, governments have implemented Travel Demand Management (TDM) that restrict the circulation of private vehicles to reduce traffic congestion, while discouraging their acquisition and promoting the use of public transport. However, due to their coercive characteristics, the effectiveness of TDM to discourage the acquisition of private vehicles and their long-term effect on controlling the growth of the vehicle fleet has been harshly questioned. This research presents the recent scientific methodologies to estimate variations in car fleet growth and shows estimation variables in Medellín city using publicly available databases, as well as one method proper for the selection of the proper evaluation model. These set up scenarios for projecting the vehicle fleet based on the implementation of public policies for demand management of demand such as the restriction due to license plate-based (L&P) use and scrapping. This allows for evaluating the relationship between vehicle age allowed for the circulation of vehicles on the road network, demographic growth, and the trend increase for new vehicles.