Repairing or reconstructing significant bone defects is typically challenging. In the present study, two composite cements were used as scaffolds in a sub-critical femoral defect in rats. A control group and two experimental batches were used to compare the outcomes. This research aimed to investigate the osteogenic potential and toxicological tolerance of the bioproducts through histopathology and computed tomography imaging analysis at 14, 28, 56, and 90 days post-implantation. The biomaterials used in the investigation consisted of a 65% bioactive salinized inorganic filler and a 25% weight organic matrix. The organic part of the biomaterial was composed of Bis-GMA (bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate), UDMA (urethane dimethacrylate), HEMA (2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate), and TEGDMA (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate), while the inorganic filler was composed of silica, barium glass, hydroxyapatite, and fluor aluminosilicate glass. The first findings of this research are encouraging, revealing that there is a slight difference between the groups treated with biomaterials, but it might be an effective approach for managing bone abnormalities. Material C1 exhibited a faster bone defect healing time compared to material C2, where bone fractures occurred in some individuals. It is unclear if the fractures were caused by the presence of the biomaterial C2 or whether additional variables were to blame. By the end of the research, the mice appeared to tolerate the biomaterials without exhibiting any inflammatory or rejection responses.

Coenurosis is a parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Taenia multiceps, Coenurus cerebralis, typically found in the central nervous system of different livestock such as sheep and goats. The blood plasma from fifteen clinically healthy sheep and six sheep with neurological symptoms was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy in order to establish the contribution of kynurenic acid (KYNA), the neuroprotective metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, to the total fluorescence of the plasma. CT scans were used to confirm the presence of cysts in the central nervous system of sheep with neurological symptoms. The fluorescence spectroscopy analysis and further spectra deconvolution process revealed some significantly lower KYNA contributions to the total plasma fluorescence in sheep with coenurosis compared to healthy controls. Our results indicate that KYNA emission parameters could serve as valuable diagnostic markers, particularly for detecting preclinical cases of coenurosis, thus allowing for improved farm management practices.

A 3-year-old spayed male mixed-breed Labrador presented to the Emergency and Critical Care Unit with lethargy, loss of appetite, vomiting, a recent history of presyncopal episodes, and severe exercise intolerance. On admission, the patient had bradycardia, low blood pressure, and mild abdominal pain. Serum biochemistry information revealed severe hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, and mildly increased liver and kidney parameters. Upon taking these findings into consideration, hypoadrenocorticism was suspected, and a basal cortisol level was determined; it was below 1.0 µg/dL. Upon examination with ultrasound, we observed that the size of the adrenal glands was considerably reduced. Due to the bradycardia, a complete cardiologic examination consisting of 5 min of six-lead electrocardiography and echocardiography (ECG) was performed. Six-lead ECG revealed a complete atrio-ventricular block with an atrial rate of 140 bpm and a ventricular rate of 60 bpm. The PQ interval was variable, without any evidence of atrio-ventricular conduction. Treatment for hyperkalemia was initiated immediately after admission, followed by dexamethasone sodium phosphate administration, which led to an improvement in the patient’s general condition, and the normalization of the ECG readings, after 24 h of therapy. Afterward, prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg/24 h p.o.) and desoxycorticosterone pivalate (2.2 mg/kg s.c.) were administered. This case shows that a third-degree atrioventricular block might be a reversible problem in dogs with hypoadrecorticism that can be managed with specific treatment for this disorder, without requiring pacemaker implantation.

Rabies is a sporadic-endemic infectious disease common to humans and animals that is transmitted by bite. The disease is characterized by hyperexcitability and aggression followed by paresis, paralysis and death. In Europe, the main reservoir of rabies is represented by wild animals, especially the red fox (Vulpes vulpes). The processed data were taken from the National Veterinary Sanitary and Food Safety Authority (A.N.S.V.S.A.), from the website of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and from the website of the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH). Therefore, we conducted a study on the situation of confirmed rabies cases in wild animals during the period 2001-2010 and 2014-2024 (30.09.2024). The implementation of oral vaccination (ORV) programs with baits for foxes since 2011 has reduced the incidence of rabies in Romania. Oral anti-rabies vaccination programs for foxes, complemented by increased passive surveillance of both domestic and wild animals susceptible to rabies virus infection, represent a major need due to the infectious pressure in the northern and northeastern areas of Romania. The presence of rabies virus in the domestic and wild animal population, as a result of the cases reported in Romania, highlights the need to implement a surveillance program over a longer period of time, to raise awareness among the public, but also among professionals, to ensure the immediate detection of possible rabies cases.

Environmental contamination with heavy metals, resulting from industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural intensification, poses serious ecological and health risks. Horses, due to their grazing behavior and close association with human environments, serve as reliable sentinel species for assessing environmental pollution. This study aimed to evaluate the bioaccumulation of heavy metals and trace elements in different biological matrices of horses—blood, hair, hooves, and synovial fluid—and to investigate their relationship with hematological biomarkers as indicators of physiological stress. Samples were collected from horses raised in anthropogenically influenced areas and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). Hematological parameters were determined with an automated analyzer to assess systemic effects. The results revealed significant variations in metal concentrations among matrices, with keratinized tissues reflecting long-term exposure, while blood and synovial fluid indicated recent contamination. Correlations between elevated metal levels and altered hematological values suggested oxidative stress and adaptive physiological responses. These findings demonstrate the value of multi-matrix biomonitoring in evaluating both environmental quality and animal health. Horses effectively reflect the cumulative impact of heavy metal exposure, supporting their role as bioindicators within a One Health framework that links environmental, animal, and human well-being.

Rabies is an infectious disease found in all species of homeothermic animals, characterized by acute evolution with nervous manifestations expressed by hyperexcitability and aggression followed by paralysis and death. Rabies is a serious viral zoonosis caused by the Rabies virus that affects domestic animals, wild animals and humans. Being one of the most serious zoonoses, rabies is a disease of great economic and sanitary importance. In countries where outbreaks of rabies in domestic and wild animals are confirmed, the economic importance is given by the losses due to animal mortality but also by the costs that affect the budgets of the respective states for the implementation of surveillance programs disease control and eradication. As the fox is the main reservoir of rabies in Europe, the measures established by the oral vaccination (ORV) programs of foxes have resulted in the reduction of the incidence of rabies in many Western European countries. Anti-rabies vaccination of foxes takes place in regular campaigns carried out over several years, according to the annual decisions of the European Commission. Since 2011, a program co-financed by the European Union for oral vaccination of foxes has been implemented in Romania, divided into two campaigns per year, in spring and autumn. The anti-rabies vaccination of foxes is carried out throughout Romania, through the aerial distribution of vaccination baits, complemented by their manual distribution. After 45 days from the distribution of the vaccine, the fox hunting action begins, 4 foxes/year/100 km in order to take samples to test the effectiveness of the vaccination.