One of the challenges of our time is replacing the existing fossil fuel-based economy with a green one in the framework of developing a sustainable society. The biological synthesis of nanoparticles from plant extracts is currently under study for developing environmentally compatible nanoparticle synthesis and avoiding adverse effects. The environmental impacts of emissions, energy requirements, and energy losses are calculated to comparatively evaluate the effects of the traditional process, in addition to any new one, in obtaining TiO₂ nanoparticles from the life cycle point of view. The two methods are syntheses via green chemistry (using an aqueous extract of Cymbopogon citratus) and via the chloride route, which are some of the most used methods for the synthesis of TiO₂ nanoparticles owing to them having the most advanced production processes. The life cycle analysis was carried out using OpenLCA software, which showed that the production of chemically synthesized TiO₂ contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and respiratory effects caused by inorganic substances. On the other hand, green synthesis contributes to reductions in toxicity and greenhouse gas emissions.

Polymers currently represent materials that are cost-effective, while its recycled nature is significant in terms of environmental protection. However, the surface properties of polymers often do not meet the demands of wettability, adhesion, and friction, among others. Atmospheric plasma treatment on the surface of polymers improves its physical-chemistry properties. In this work, a recycled nylon coating was prepared by the spin coating technique and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. This coating was treated by atmospheric plasma, and Raman spectroscopy was performed to analyze the signals related to different functional groups present in the coating surface after plasma treatment. The action of plasma on the surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The contact angle results showed an improvement in surface wettability.

Sustainability has converted the topic of the humanity and life-cycle analysis (LCA) is one of the main methods for evaluating the impact of each product, process, and system. Polymers, especially nylon 6,6, have found substantial relevance in several areas such as automobiles, packaging, food, batteries, etc., in the last years and estimation of their impact on the environment as well as persons from their increased disposal is of intense importance. LCA procedures are being employed to investigate the same in terms of several ecosystems, resources, and human-based restrictions but there are still some limitations to the same. This paper presents an overview of using recycled nylon 6,6 coating as an alternative to the traditional way of final disposal of this polymer, focusing on its life cycle, production, coating characterization, data reproducibility, and limitations. OpenLCA software was used for the LCA of the recycled coating formation processes. EIA09 software was employed to estimate the environmental impact assessment. Results obtained using EIA09 software show that the recycled nylon 6,6 coating has a low environmental impact with respect to soil contamination. This result shows a clear advantage of plastic recycling compared to the traditional final disposal.

Erosion of the leading edge is one of the most severe forms of damage in wind turbine blades, particularly in offshore wind farms. This degradation, mainly caused by rain, sand, and airborne particles through droplet impingement wear, significantly decreases blade aerodynamic efficiency and power output. Since blades, typically made of fiber-reinforced polymer composites, are the most expensive components of a turbine, developing protective coatings is essential. In this study, polyurethane (PU) composite coatings reinforced with titanium dioxide (TiO₂) particles were added on glass fiber substrates by spray coating. The incorporation of TiO₂ improved the mechanical and electrochemical performance of the PU coatings. FTIR and XRD confirmed that low TiO₂ loadings (1 and 3 wt%) were well dispersed within the PU matrix due to hydrogen bonding between TiO₂ –OH groups and PU –NH groups. The PU/TiO₂ 3% coating exhibited ~61% lower corrosion current density (I_corr) compared to neat PU, indicating superior corrosion resistance. Furthermore, uniform TiO₂ dispersion resulted in statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) in hardness, yield strength, elastic modulus, and adhesion strength. Overall, the PU/TiO₂ coatings, particularly at 3 wt% loading, show strong potential as protective materials for wind turbine blades, given their enhanced mechanical integrity and corrosion resistance.

Wind turbine blades are made from fiberglass, whose faces are eroded due to environmental conditions. Polyurethane (PU) coatings are broadly used in several types of coatings due to their strong adhesion. However, their inferior mechanical properties limit their application on fiberglass. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was modified through a dielectric barrier plasma (DBP) treatment at atmospheric pressure to improve the dispersion of GO in PU and increase its adhesion to fiberglass (GF) substrates, resulting in excellent adhesion properties of the PU/GO coating on fiberglass. Additionally, PU/GO coatings are crucial for preventing and protecting against erosion. The results obtained for the intensity ratio of the $I_D/I_G$ peaks observed through Raman spectroscopy exhibited that the plasma treatment increased the defects in the GO structure through covalent and non-covalent interactions with the PU. Contact angle tests and surface free energy measurements indicated the deoxygenation of the GO structure, enhancing its dispersion in the PU matrix, as observed through XRD. The plasma treatment increased the PU/GO adhesion by 27.6% after 10 min of treatment, suggesting that more defects in the GO structure were correlated with greater adhesion strength.

This study investigates the degradation of the xanthene dye Acid Red 51 (ARE‐51) using atmospheric‐pressure corona discharge plasma, integrating electrical characterization, optical emission spectroscopy (OES), kinetic modeling, and physicochemical analysis to establish a unified plasma–liquid interaction framework. A degradation efficiency of ~82% was achieved within 90 min, with apparent pseudofirst‐order kinetics ( k ≈0.017 min ⁻¹ ). However, the observed kinetics are governed by a quasisteady‐state flux of reactive species rather than intrinsic reaction rates. OES analysis confirms the generation of key reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), including •OH, O ₃ , and H ₂ O ₂ , whose formation is directly linked to electron temperature (~12 eV) and discharge characteristics. A two‐stage degradation mechanism is identified: an initial reduction‐dominated phase associated with chromophore cleavage, followed by an oxidation‐dominated phase driven by RONS leading to fragmentation and mineralization. Physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, ORP, and TDS) reveal strong redox transitions and ionic product formation, supporting the proposed mechanism. Energy yield (G ₅₀ ≈0.3–0.6 g·kWh ⁻¹ ) demonstrates competitive performance without chemical additives. This work provides a quantitative link between plasma properties and degradation kinetics, offering a new paradigm for the design and optimization of plasma‐based advanced oxidation processes.