Background: Vaginal metastasis should be kept in mind when evaluating the staging tests of all cancers, especially endometrial cancer. Case presentation: We present four patients with vaginal recurrence who recently applied to our clinic. Three cases were of endometrial cancer and one case of rectal cancer. All patients presented with vaginal bleeding. Conclusion: Standard treatment for vaginal metastasis has not yet been established. Therapeutic options for vaginal metastasis—separately or in combination—are surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

Based on the CheckMate 649 trial, nivolumab plus chemotherapy is the recommended first-line treatment for HER2-negative unresectable advanced or metastatic gastric, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), or esophageal adenocarcinoma. This nationwide, multicenter, retrospective study evaluated the real-world effectiveness of this regimen in Turkish patients and identified subgroups that may experience superior outcomes. Conducted across 16 oncology centers in Turkey, this study retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of adult patients diagnosed with HER2-negative unresectable advanced or metastatic gastric, GEJ, or esophageal adenocarcinoma from 2016 to 2023. This study included 111 patients (54 women, 57 men) with a median age of 58 years. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 11.7 months and 18.2 months, respectively, whereas the objective response rate (ORR) was 70.3%. Multivariable analyses revealed that previous curative surgery was a favorable independent prognostic factor for both PFS and OS. Conversely, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 emerged as an adverse independent prognostic factor for OS. The safety profile of nivolumab plus chemotherapy was found to be manageable. Our findings support the use of nivolumab plus chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of Turkish patients with HER2-negative unresectable advanced or metastatic gastric, GEJ, or esophageal adenocarcinoma. Patient selection based on clinical characteristics is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to evaluate prognostic significance of adipose tissue distribution and metabolic activity in PET/CT to predict survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).Methods: The volume, density (HU) and FDG uptake (standardized uptake value-[SUV]) of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and maximum FDG uptake of the tumor tissue were measured. Subcutaneous adipose tissue of volume-to-density ratio (SAT ratio) was calculated.Results: The median OS for the patients with SAT ratio value <-1.1 and ≥ -1.1 were 38.5 (95% CI 31.54-45.58) and 24.5 (95% CI 14.13-34.93) months, respectively (p=0.05). During follow up, 69 patients experienced disease progression. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.03 months (95% CI: 9.11-12.95). Median PFS for patients with tumor SUV max value <11.5 and ≥11.5 were 9.2 (95% CI 7.25-11.27) and 12.6 (95% CI 10.02-15.27) months, respectively (p=0.14). 48 patients received bevacizumab therapy. VAT SUV mean (HR: 0.09; 95% CI 0.01-0.52, p=0.008) was significantly associated with PFS in patients receiving bevacizumab. SAT ratio was the significant parameter for the OS (HR: 0.58; 95% CI 0.33-1.01, p=0.05) and PFS (HR: 1.99; 95% CI 1.02-3.91, p=0.043).Conclusions: SAT ratio was an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with mCRC. Higher SAT volume is correlated with longer survival in mCRC patients