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Yang Yang
College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

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Journal article
Published: 06 July 2021 in Energy
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The energy recovery efficiency and ride comfort of electric vehicles are important performance indicators. Currently, few joint studies have been conducted on the energy recovery and ride comfort of electric vehicles. For enhanced energy recovery and ride comfort, a comprehensive control method that contains neuro-fuzzy control and model predictive control is proposed herein. First, a longitudinal–vertical interaction model under braking conditions is established that includes longitudinal–vertical variables interaction. Second, model predictive control is adopted to adjust the active suspension for improving ride comfort with the braking intensity as the disturbance. Subsequently, to improve the energy recovery efficiency of the vehicle, a neuro-fuzzy optimization framework is proposed for optimizing the neuro-fuzzy membership function to realize neuro-fuzzy control, the framework considers the constraints of the vehicle vertical motion on the braking torque. Furthermore, the neuro-fuzzy control is adopted to control the vehicle powertrain. Finally, a dual-loop multi-stage control is selected for comparison. The simulation results under combined braking conditions indicate that the proposed comprehensive control method simultaneously improves the energy recovery efficiency and ride comfort of the vehicle.

ACS Style

Junjiang Zhang; Yang Yang; Minghui Hu; Zhong Yang; Chunyun Fu. Longitudinal–Vertical Comprehensive Control for Four-Wheel Drive Pure Electric Vehicle Considering Energy Recovery and Ride Comfort. Energy 2021, 236, 121417 .

AMA Style

Junjiang Zhang, Yang Yang, Minghui Hu, Zhong Yang, Chunyun Fu. Longitudinal–Vertical Comprehensive Control for Four-Wheel Drive Pure Electric Vehicle Considering Energy Recovery and Ride Comfort. Energy. 2021; 236 ():121417.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junjiang Zhang; Yang Yang; Minghui Hu; Zhong Yang; Chunyun Fu. 2021. "Longitudinal–Vertical Comprehensive Control for Four-Wheel Drive Pure Electric Vehicle Considering Energy Recovery and Ride Comfort." Energy 236, no. : 121417.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2020 in IEEE Access
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Regenerative braking is the key to achieve efficient use of energy and extend the driving range in pure electric vehicles. This study proposes a new predictive control method integrating adaptive cubic exponential prediction and dynamic programming to address the problem of efficient energy recovery during the regular braking process of four-wheel pure electric vehicles. The method considers the dynamic characteristics of an electro-hydraulic combined braking system. The adaptive cubic exponential prediction is adopted to predict the vehicle velocity and braking intensity. The dynamic programming is employed to optimize the motor braking torques and wheel cylinder pressures under the condition of braking regulations, road constraints, and vehicle constraints. To verify the effectiveness of the new predictive control method, the ideal and multi-stage braking force distribution methods are employed for comparison. The results confirm that, under gradual braking conditions, the energy recovery efficiency achieved via the proposed method is improved by 1.55% and 6.40% considering the ideal and multi-stage braking force distribution methods, respectively.

ACS Style

Junjiang Zhang; Yang Yang; Datong Qin; Chunyun Fu; Zhipeng Cong. Regenerative Braking Control Method Based on Predictive Optimization for Four-Wheel Drive Pure Electric Vehicle. IEEE Access 2020, 9, 1394 -1406.

AMA Style

Junjiang Zhang, Yang Yang, Datong Qin, Chunyun Fu, Zhipeng Cong. Regenerative Braking Control Method Based on Predictive Optimization for Four-Wheel Drive Pure Electric Vehicle. IEEE Access. 2020; 9 ():1394-1406.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junjiang Zhang; Yang Yang; Datong Qin; Chunyun Fu; Zhipeng Cong. 2020. "Regenerative Braking Control Method Based on Predictive Optimization for Four-Wheel Drive Pure Electric Vehicle." IEEE Access 9, no. : 1394-1406.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2020 in Applied Sciences
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In the process of vehicle braking, braking intensity has a significant impact on vehicle comfort, and studies on this aspect have been limited. Therefore, an equivalent 4-degree-of-freedom half-vehicle model including the braking intensity influence was established in this study. Subsequently, considering braking intensity as the interference quantity that is the uncontrollable input, a model predictive control (MPC) strategy in which the vertical velocities of front body, rear body, front wheel, and rear wheel are the control targets was proposed. Based on Lyapunov’s stability theory, the stability of the MPC system was proven. Finally, a dual-loop control (DLC) strategy was used for comparison to verify the superiority of the MPC strategy. The results indicate that compared with the DLC strategy under the gradual braking condition, the root mean square of the front and rear body vertical velocities, body pitch angle, and body pitch angle velocity under the MPC strategy were all reduced by more than 70%, thus improving the ride comfort of the vehicle.

ACS Style

Junjiang Zhang; Yang Yang; Minghui Hu; Chunyun Fu; Jun Zhai. Model Predictive Control of Active Suspension for an Electric Vehicle Considering Influence of Braking Intensity. Applied Sciences 2020, 11, 52 .

AMA Style

Junjiang Zhang, Yang Yang, Minghui Hu, Chunyun Fu, Jun Zhai. Model Predictive Control of Active Suspension for an Electric Vehicle Considering Influence of Braking Intensity. Applied Sciences. 2020; 11 (1):52.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junjiang Zhang; Yang Yang; Minghui Hu; Chunyun Fu; Jun Zhai. 2020. "Model Predictive Control of Active Suspension for an Electric Vehicle Considering Influence of Braking Intensity." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1: 52.

Journal article
Published: 19 September 2020 in Energy
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Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), which are widely used in electric vehicles, have advantages such as high efficiency and power density. However, owing to the limitations in battery capacity, maximizing the efficiency of the motor drive system is essential to extend the driving range. In this paper, a variable voltage control strategy based on minimum loss is proposed, which not only reduces the loss of the inverter below the base speed, but also optimizes the electrical loss of the motor to improve the efficiency of the motor, inverter, and the whole drive system. Moreover the current harmonic of the motor stator winding is also reduced, which provides a guarantee for the stable operation of the drive system. First, the loss mechanism of the motor drive system is analyzed in detail, and an inverter loss model and a motor loss model considering iron loss are established. Then, the loss-minimization control and variable voltage control are analyzed to reveal the relationship between the inverter loss and supply voltage. The simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink show that the proposed strategy improved the efficiency of the inverter and motor by as much as 12.8% and 0.77%, respectively, which confirms the effectiveness of the strategy.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Qiang He; Chunyun Fu; Shuiping Liao; Peng Tan. Efficiency improvement of permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles. Energy 2020, 213, 118859 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Qiang He, Chunyun Fu, Shuiping Liao, Peng Tan. Efficiency improvement of permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles. Energy. 2020; 213 ():118859.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Qiang He; Chunyun Fu; Shuiping Liao; Peng Tan. 2020. "Efficiency improvement of permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles." Energy 213, no. : 118859.

Journal article
Published: 18 September 2020 in IEEE Access
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The economy of electrified vehicles can be improved by using the motor to recover the energy released during braking. However, the vehicle’s regenerative braking system (RBS) and anti-lock braking system (ABS) are not compatible, so the energy dissipated during braking cannot be recovered under emergency braking conditions. This paper employs the method of logic threshold control combined with phase plane theory to analyze the relationship between the slip rate and the braking torque during the ABS braking process and to obtain the composition rule of the braking torque required for ABS braking. Based on this rule, a control strategy to coordinate RBS and ABS when triggering ABS is proposed to improve the efficiency of braking energy recovery. Furthermore, a comparative simulation is conducted to analyze the braking performance of electrified vehicle on roads with different adhesion coefficients by adopting the proposed control strategy and the traditional control strategy. The results show that, compared with the traditional coordinated control strategy, the braking energy recovery efficiency of the proposed coordinated control strategy is improved by 23.08%-38.54%, and can effectively shorten the braking distance and braking time, with better braking performance. Therefore, this paper offers a useful theoretical reference to the design of RBS and ABS coordinated control strategies for electrified vehicles.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Qingsong Tang; Li Bolin; Chunyun Fu. Dynamic Coordinated Control for Regenerative Braking System and Anti-Lock Braking System for Electrified Vehicles Under Emergency Braking Conditions. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 172664 -172677.

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Qingsong Tang, Li Bolin, Chunyun Fu. Dynamic Coordinated Control for Regenerative Braking System and Anti-Lock Braking System for Electrified Vehicles Under Emergency Braking Conditions. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):172664-172677.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Qingsong Tang; Li Bolin; Chunyun Fu. 2020. "Dynamic Coordinated Control for Regenerative Braking System and Anti-Lock Braking System for Electrified Vehicles Under Emergency Braking Conditions." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 172664-172677.

Journal article
Published: 04 August 2020 in IEEE Access
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To solve the difficulties of modeling the starting system of dual clutch transmission (DCT) vehicles, a state-dependent autoregressive with exogenous variables (SD-ARX) model whose functional coefficients are approximated by sets of radial basis function (RBF) networks is proposed to describe the dynamic characteristics of DCT vehicles starting process in this study. The validity of this modelling approach is verified via a real vehicle test. On this basis, a nonlinear predictive controller based on SD-ARX model is designed. In addition, the physical constraints of this system, including control variables (change rate of engine torque and clutch torque) and state variables (engine speed and clutch speed), are also taken into account during the controller design process via limiting the relevant parameters in particle swarm optimization or setting saturation demand in control program. To verify the validity and merits of the proposed control approach, many sets of simulation analysis in different driving intentions are conducted. Simulation results shown that: the proposed control approach can well control the starting process of DCT vehicles and effectively reflect the demand of driver’s intention; compared with the conventional control method, SD-ARX-MPC can improve the starting performance; the proposed approach is robust to a certain extent according to simulation results under changed starting conditions.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Mengmeng Wang; Fugen Xia; Datong Qin; Jihao Feng. Modeling and Control Approach for Dual Clutch Transmission Vehicles Starting Process Based on State-Dependent Autoregressive With Exogenous Model. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 158712 -158726.

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Mengmeng Wang, Fugen Xia, Datong Qin, Jihao Feng. Modeling and Control Approach for Dual Clutch Transmission Vehicles Starting Process Based on State-Dependent Autoregressive With Exogenous Model. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):158712-158726.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Mengmeng Wang; Fugen Xia; Datong Qin; Jihao Feng. 2020. "Modeling and Control Approach for Dual Clutch Transmission Vehicles Starting Process Based on State-Dependent Autoregressive With Exogenous Model." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 158712-158726.

Journal article
Published: 19 April 2020 in Energies
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The electro-hydraulic composite braking system of a pure electric vehicle can select different braking modes according to braking conditions. However, the differences in dynamic response characteristics between the motor braking system (MBS) and hydraulic braking system (HBS) cause total braking torque to fluctuate significantly during mode switching, resulting in jerking of the vehicle and affecting ride comfort. In this paper, torque coordination control during mode switching is studied for a four-wheel-drive pure electric vehicle with a dual motor. After the dynamic analysis of braking, a braking force distribution control strategy is developed based on the I-curve, and the boundary conditions of mode switching are determined. A novel combined pressure control algorithm, which contains a PID (proportional-integral-derivative) and fuzzy controller, is used to control the brake pressure of each wheel cylinder, to realize precise control of the hydraulic brake torque. Then, a novel torque coordination control strategy is proposed based on brake pedal stroke and its change rate, to modify the target hydraulic braking torque and reflect the driver’s braking intention. Meanwhile, motor braking torque is used to compensate for the insufficient braking torque caused by HBS, so as to realize a smooth transition between the braking modes. Simulation results show that the proposed coordination control strategy can effectively reduce torque fluctuation and vehicle jerk during mode switching.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Yundong He; Zhong Yang; Chunyun Fu; Zhipeng Cong. Torque Coordination Control of an Electro-Hydraulic Composite Brake System During Mode Switching Based on Braking Intention. Energies 2020, 13, 2031 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Yundong He, Zhong Yang, Chunyun Fu, Zhipeng Cong. Torque Coordination Control of an Electro-Hydraulic Composite Brake System During Mode Switching Based on Braking Intention. Energies. 2020; 13 (8):2031.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Yundong He; Zhong Yang; Chunyun Fu; Zhipeng Cong. 2020. "Torque Coordination Control of an Electro-Hydraulic Composite Brake System During Mode Switching Based on Braking Intention." Energies 13, no. 8: 2031.

Technical paper
Published: 13 April 2020 in Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering
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To solve the problem of unreasonable vehicle parameters caused by unknown curb mass and open-loop power system and control strategy optimization in the development of pure electric vehicles, this paper presents a parameter closed-loop optimization algorithm (COA) via unified design of system and control parameters. First, a mass closed-loop algorithm (MCA) was adopted to optimize the parameters of power systems under an unknown curb mass and its convergence was proven. Next, with energy consumption being the index function, the torque distributions of the front and rear motors were optimized by dynamic programming (DP). Additionally, vehicle power system and control strategy parameter optimization were realized by combining the MCA, DP, and genetic algorithm. Finally, two comparative optimization algorithms which are the assumed curb mass optimization algorithm (AOA) and the torque equal ratio distribution optimization algorithm (TOA) were implemented to validate the proposed algorithm. The simulation results under China light-duty vehicle test cycle-passenger car (CLTC-P) and New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) operating conditions indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves minimum energy consumption compared with the competing optimization algorithms. The energy consumption resulting from the COA is reduced by 18.98% and 6.36%, compared with those of the TOA and AOA, respectively, under CLTC-P conditions. The energy consumption of the COA is 16.57% and 6.91% lower than those of the TOA and AOA, respectively, under NEDC conditions. This algorithm can optimize the curb mass, peak powers of the motors, mass of the motors, battery energy, battery mass, and torque distribution coefficient simultaneously, and can be applied to different operating conditions.

ACS Style

Junjiang Zhang; Yang Yang; Yi Zhou; Zhong Yang; Chunyun Fu. Parameter closed-loop optimization for pure electric vehicles: unified design of power system and control parameters. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 2020, 42, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Junjiang Zhang, Yang Yang, Yi Zhou, Zhong Yang, Chunyun Fu. Parameter closed-loop optimization for pure electric vehicles: unified design of power system and control parameters. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering. 2020; 42 (5):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junjiang Zhang; Yang Yang; Yi Zhou; Zhong Yang; Chunyun Fu. 2020. "Parameter closed-loop optimization for pure electric vehicles: unified design of power system and control parameters." Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 42, no. 5: 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 11 February 2020 in Energies
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For the oil–electric–hydraulic hybrid power system, a logic threshold energy management strategy based on the optimal working curve is proposed, and the optimal working curve in each mode is determined. A genetic algorithm is used to determine the optimal parameters. For driving conditions, a real-time energy management strategy based on the lowest instantaneous energy cost is proposed. For braking conditions and subject to the European Commission for Europe (ECE) regulations, a braking force distribution strategy based on hydraulic pumps/motors and supplemented by motors is proposed. A global optimization energy management strategy is used to evaluate the strategy. Simulation results show that the strategy can achieve the expected control target and save about 32.14% compared with the fuel consumption cost of the original model 100 km 8 L. Under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) working conditions, the energy-saving effect of this strategy is close to that of the global optimization energy management strategy and has obvious cost advantages. The system design and control strategy are validated.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Zhen Zhong; Fei Wang; Chunyun Fu; Junzhang Liao. Real-time Energy Management Strategy for Oil-Electric-Liquid Hybrid System based on Lowest Instantaneous Energy Consumption Cost. Energies 2020, 13, 784 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Zhen Zhong, Fei Wang, Chunyun Fu, Junzhang Liao. Real-time Energy Management Strategy for Oil-Electric-Liquid Hybrid System based on Lowest Instantaneous Energy Consumption Cost. Energies. 2020; 13 (4):784.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Zhen Zhong; Fei Wang; Chunyun Fu; Junzhang Liao. 2020. "Real-time Energy Management Strategy for Oil-Electric-Liquid Hybrid System based on Lowest Instantaneous Energy Consumption Cost." Energies 13, no. 4: 784.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2020 in Energies
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The regenerative braking system of electric vehicles can not only achieve the task of braking but also recover the braking energy. However, due to the lack of in-depth analysis of the energy loss mechanism in electric braking, the energy cannot be fully recovered. In this study, the energy recovery problem of regenerative braking using the independent front axle and rear axle motor drive system is investigated. The accurate motor model is established, and various losses are analyzed. Based on the principle of minimum losses, the motor control strategy is designed. Furthermore, the power flow characteristics in electric braking are analyzed, and the optimal continuously variable transmission (CVT) speed ratio under different working conditions is obtained through optimization. To understand the potential of dual-motor energy recovery, a regenerative braking control strategy is proposed by optimizing the dynamic distribution coefficient of the dual-electric mechanism and considering the restrictions of regulations and the I curve. The simulation results under typical operating conditions and the New York City Cycle (NYCC) proposed conditions indicate that the improved strategy has higher joint efficiency. The energy recovery rate of the proposed strategy is increased by 1.18% in comparison with the typical braking strategy.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Qiang He; Yongzheng Chen; Chunyun Fu. Efficiency Optimization and Control Strategy of Regenerative Braking System with Dual Motor. Energies 2020, 13, 711 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Qiang He, Yongzheng Chen, Chunyun Fu. Efficiency Optimization and Control Strategy of Regenerative Braking System with Dual Motor. Energies. 2020; 13 (3):711.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Qiang He; Yongzheng Chen; Chunyun Fu. 2020. "Efficiency Optimization and Control Strategy of Regenerative Braking System with Dual Motor." Energies 13, no. 3: 711.

Research article
Published: 23 January 2019 in Advances in Mechanical Engineering
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Multi-source drive system with the feature of compact, small size and other advantages is widely used in large engineering machinery, such as shield machine, wind turbines, and shearer. In this article, a reasonable power transmission form is designed and the electromechanical-hydraulic coupling model of the multi-source drive system including the hydraulic pump-motor lumped parameter model and gear system dynamics model is established based on the co-simulation of MATLAB and AMEsim. Taking the pump flow pulsation and the time-varying meshing stiffness as the external and internal excitation of the multi-source drive system, respectively, the vibration and the dynamic characteristics of the multi-source drive system and the transfer characteristics of the dynamic excitation are analyzed. Results show that the flow-speed pulsation and the pressure-torque pulsation are gradually reduced along the direction of the transmission chain. As the external and internal excitation, the flow pulsation and the time-varying meshing stiffness will cause complex influences on the vibration and the dynamic characteristics of the multi-source transmission system. The findings provide a reference basis for the design of the multi-source drive system.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Yuquan Mi; Datong Qin; Aihui Yuan; Guowei Li. Analysis of the characteristics of electromechanical-hydraulic model of multi-source drive/transmission system based on periodic excitation. Advances in Mechanical Engineering 2019, 11, 1 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Yuquan Mi, Datong Qin, Aihui Yuan, Guowei Li. Analysis of the characteristics of electromechanical-hydraulic model of multi-source drive/transmission system based on periodic excitation. Advances in Mechanical Engineering. 2019; 11 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Yuquan Mi; Datong Qin; Aihui Yuan; Guowei Li. 2019. "Analysis of the characteristics of electromechanical-hydraulic model of multi-source drive/transmission system based on periodic excitation." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 04 September 2018 in Energies
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The characteristics of electro-hydraulic braking systems have a direct influence on the fuel consumption, emissions, brake safety, and ride comfort of hybrid electric vehicles. In order to realize efficient energy recovery for ensuring braking safety and considering that the existing electro-hydraulic braking pressure control systems have control complexity disadvantages and functional limitations, this study considers the front and rear dual-motor-driven hybrid electric vehicle as the prototype and based on antilock brake system (ABS) hardware, proposes a new braking pressure coordinated control system with electro-hydraulic braking function and developed a corresponding control strategy in order to realize efficient energy recovery and ensure braking safety, while considering the disadvantages of control complexity and functional limitations of existing electro-hydraulic system. The system satisfies the pressure coordinated control requirements of conventional braking, regenerative braking, and ABS braking. The vehicle dynamics model based on braking control strategy and pressure coordinated control system is established, and thereafter, the performance simulation of the vehicle-based pressure coordinated control system under typical braking conditions is carried out to validate the performance of the proposed system and control strategy. The simulation results show that the braking energy recovery rates under three different conditions—variable braking intensity, constant braking intensity and integrated braking model—are 66%, 55% and 47%. The battery state of charge (SOC) recovery rates are 0.37%, 0.31% and 0.36%. This proves that the motor can recover the reduced energy of the vehicle during braking and provide an appropriate braking force. It realizes the ABS control function and has good dynamic response and braking pressure control accuracy. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the program which lays the foundation for further design and optimization of the new regenerative braking system.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Guangzheng Li; Quanrang Zhang. A Pressure-Coordinated Control for Vehicle Electro-Hydraulic Braking Systems. Energies 2018, 11, 2336 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Guangzheng Li, Quanrang Zhang. A Pressure-Coordinated Control for Vehicle Electro-Hydraulic Braking Systems. Energies. 2018; 11 (9):2336.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Guangzheng Li; Quanrang Zhang. 2018. "A Pressure-Coordinated Control for Vehicle Electro-Hydraulic Braking Systems." Energies 11, no. 9: 2336.

Journal article
Published: 27 February 2018 in Energies
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Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) equipped with continuously variable transmission (CVT) adjust the motor operating point continuously to achieve the optimal motor operating efficiency during regenerative braking. Traditional control strategies consider the CVT efficiency as constant, while the CVT efficiency varies in different operating conditions. In order to reflect the transmission efficiency more accurately during regenerative braking, the CVT theoretical torque loss model is firstly established which then leads to the battery–front motor–CVT joint operating efficiency model. The joint operating efficiency model indicates that the system efficiency is influenced by input speed, input torque, CVT speed ratio, and battery SOC (state of charge). The compensatory strategy for the front motor barking force is proposed to make full use of its braking power and the CVT speed ratio control strategy is modified to maintain the optimal operating efficiency of the system. The simulations are performed under three typical braking conditions and UDDS, NYCC, US06 respectively, the results show that the modified control strategy increases the front motor braking power and improves the system operating efficiency.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Xiaolong He; Yi Zhang; Datong Qin. Regenerative Braking Compensatory Control Strategy Considering CVT Power Loss for Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Energies 2018, 11, 497 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Xiaolong He, Yi Zhang, Datong Qin. Regenerative Braking Compensatory Control Strategy Considering CVT Power Loss for Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Energies. 2018; 11 (3):497.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Xiaolong He; Yi Zhang; Datong Qin. 2018. "Regenerative Braking Compensatory Control Strategy Considering CVT Power Loss for Hybrid Electric Vehicles." Energies 11, no. 3: 497.

Journal article
Published: 25 October 2017 in Energies
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Hybrid vehicles usually have several braking systems, and braking mode switches are significant events during braking. It is difficult to coordinate torque fluctuations caused by mode switches because the dynamic characteristics of braking systems are different. In this study, a new type of plug-in hybrid vehicle is taken as the research object, and braking mode switches are divided into two types. The control strategy of type one is achieved by controlling the change rates of clutch hold-down and motor braking forces. The control strategy of type two is achieved by simultaneously changing the target braking torque during different mode switch stages and controlling the motor to participate in active coordination control. Finally, the torque coordination control strategy is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink, and the results show that the proposed control strategy has a good effect in reducing the braking torque fluctuation and vehicle shocks during braking mode switches.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Chao Wang; Quanrang Zhang; Xiaolong He. Torque Coordination Control during Braking Mode Switch for a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Energies 2017, 10, 1684 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Chao Wang, Quanrang Zhang, Xiaolong He. Torque Coordination Control during Braking Mode Switch for a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Energies. 2017; 10 (11):1684.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Chao Wang; Quanrang Zhang; Xiaolong He. 2017. "Torque Coordination Control during Braking Mode Switch for a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle." Energies 10, no. 11: 1684.

Regular paper
Published: 08 August 2017 in International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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A new longwall shearer cutting transmission system with variable cutting speed (LSCT-V) is presented to overcome the weaknesses of the traditional longwall shearer cutting transmission system (LSCT) with constant cutting speed. The dynamic model of the LSCTV and LSCT, which includes a cutting-motor rotator and drum, are established in AMESim, and the dynamic response of each system is analyzed using AMESim. Simulation results show that the function of frequency control for the designed LSCT-V system can be achieved, compared with the dynamic behavior of LSCT system under step torque load. The dynamic characteristics of the LSCT-V system are very close when working in constant or varying cutting speeds.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Hao Fan; Peng-Cheng Ma. Research on dynamic characteristics for longwall shearer cutting transmission system with varying cutting speed. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 2017, 18, 1131 -1138.

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Hao Fan, Peng-Cheng Ma. Research on dynamic characteristics for longwall shearer cutting transmission system with varying cutting speed. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing. 2017; 18 (8):1131-1138.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Hao Fan; Peng-Cheng Ma. 2017. "Research on dynamic characteristics for longwall shearer cutting transmission system with varying cutting speed." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 18, no. 8: 1131-1138.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2017 in Energies
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A novel electric-hydraulic hybrid drivetrain incorporating a set of hydraulic systems is proposed for application in a pure electric vehicle. Models of the electric and hydraulic components are constructed. Two control strategies, which are based on two separate rules, are developed; the maximum energy recovery rate strategy adheres to the rule of the maximization of the braking energy recovery rate, while the minimum current impact strategy adheres to the rule of the minimization of the charge current to the battery. The simulation models were established to verify the effects of these two control strategies. An ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) fuzzy control strategy is also developed and simulated. The simulation results demonstrate that the developed control strategy can effectively absorb the braking energy, suppress the current impact, and assure braking safety.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Chang Luo; Pengxi Li. Regenerative Braking Control Strategy of Electric-Hydraulic Hybrid (EHH) Vehicle. Energies 2017, 10, 1038 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Chang Luo, Pengxi Li. Regenerative Braking Control Strategy of Electric-Hydraulic Hybrid (EHH) Vehicle. Energies. 2017; 10 (7):1038.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Chang Luo; Pengxi Li. 2017. "Regenerative Braking Control Strategy of Electric-Hydraulic Hybrid (EHH) Vehicle." Energies 10, no. 7: 1038.

Research article
Published: 21 March 2017 in Mathematical Problems in Engineering
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An electrohydraulic hybrid power cutting transmission system for roadheader under specific working condition was proposed in this paper. The overall model for the new system composed of an electric motor model, a hydraulic pump-motor model, a torsional planetary set model, and a hybrid power train model was established. The working mode characteristics were simulated under the conditions of taking the effect of cutting picks into account. The advantages of new hybrid power cutting system about the dynamic response under shock load were investigated compared with the traditional cutting system. The results illustrated that the hybrid power system had an obvious cushioning in terms of the dynamic load of cutting electric motor and planetary gear set. Besides, the hydraulic motor could provide an auxiliary power to improve the performance of the electric motor. With further analysis, a dynamic load was found to have a high relation to the stiffness and damping of coupling in the transmission train. The results could be a useful guide for the design of cutting transmission of roadheader.1. IntroductionCurrently, the ever-increasing application of roadheader in the underground is becoming an inevitable alternative in tunnel excavation and coal mining engineering. And it also plays a significant role among other excavation machines for civil construction and resource exploitation. With the advancements of technology in both civil and mining construction fields, roadheader has been the focus of considerable interest because of the unique characterizations, including high efficiency, safety, flexibility, the ability to excavate almost any profile opening, and intelligence. And the electrohydraulic hybrid power cutting transmission system for roadheader proposed in this paper has been authorized to obtain the invention patent from State Intellectual Property Office of China [1]. Ocak and Bilgin stated that the performance of roadheader was higher in terms of tunnel completion time and production efficiency compared with impact hammer [2].Underground coal seam exploitation is constantly becoming much deeper in recent years with respect to hundreds of kilometers of metallic ores and coal, industrial tunnels. Mechanics environments of rock in the deep excavation are characterized by high temperature, high pressure, and high permeability [3]. Based on the mentioned situation, the significant deformation of coal and rock mass can be observed, ranging from brittle in shallow mining to ductile in deep mining. The deformation of rock and mass with a discontinuous shock impact appears to be obvious rheology or creep under high initial stress. The strength of coal and rock mass is a basic parameter in the study of rock mechanics [4]. The strength presents the obvious fluctuation due to native injury, anisotropy, heterogeneity, and partial distribution of structural weakness planes, which results in enormous impacts on speed of excavation, attrition of cutting pick, failure of transmission chain, and service life of motors [5].In order to bring the advantage of roadheader into full play and enhance the design efficiency, the researchers focused on performance prediction on the basis of rock features [6, 7]. Bilgin et al. developed a performance equation below [8]:where ICR, , RMCI, , and RQD denote the instantaneous cutting rate (m3/cutting hour), the power of cutting head, the rock mass cuttability index, the uniaxial compressive strength (MPa), and the rock quality designation (%), respectively.Balci et al. suggested a performance prediction model considering the energy transfer ratio of roadheader cutting head in addition to UCS and given in (2) for transverse and (3) for axial type roadheaders [9]:where ICR is the instantaneous cutting rate in m3/h, is the installed cutting head power in kW, UCS is the uniaxial compressive strength in MPa, and is the energy transfer ratio.Many researchers are still focusing on refining the performance prediction of roadheader. However, the classical regularity never changes such as the negative correlation between the strength of rock and coal mass and cutting rate. But beyond that, cutting head power is in proportion to cutting rate. Hence, as for the deep tunnel excavation, there is a positive correlation between the stronger cutting head power and the driving speed. Moreover, the strength of rock and coal mass also had an influence on stability and reliability, which can directly affect the production efficiency. The failure of roadheader’s cutting unit is mainly caused by overall vibration, the main manifestations of which are the attrition of cutting picks, the damage of gears, and the breakdown of the hydraulic system [10–12]. The vibration sources are as follows:(1)In cutting process, picks are subjected to nonlinear instantaneous shock load, especially semicoal rock or hard rock.(2)The vibration of gears is caused by internal excitation such as time-varying meshing stiffness.(3)The roughness of vertical section in roadway causes that the distribution of crawler’s support is far from uniform.(4)Connection looseness of vital components, the poor lubrication of transmission system, the wear of bearings, and the fatigue failure.In summary, the characteristics of coal and rock are the research hotspot at present, and the research for the roadheader itself is less. In order to further improve the stability and reliability of roadheader in severe working conditions, a hybrid power cutting transmission system with a parallel cutting motor and a parallel hydraulic motor is proposed in this paper based on the structure characteristics of roadheader. The dynamic characteristics of cutting transmission system were specifically analyzed in the following.2. Description of the Hybrid Power Cutting Transmission SystemRestricted to the underground space and the size of high-powered explosion-proofing motor, promoting the cutting power brings a huge challenge for the design and performance of the whole machine while the cutting power of roadheader is generally approximately 250 kW. The traditional roadheader, as shown in Figure 1, mainly consist of a cutting unit, a loading unit, a transportation department, a walking unit, a cooling and a dedusting system, electrical systems, and other components. And the cutting unit is driven by electric motor (EM) while other parts are driven by hydraulic system. The cutting unit is the core part of roadheader, including cutting motor, gear reducer, cantilever, and cutting head. Walking unit is mainly responsible for the shunting around, whose power configuration was about 70 kW.Figure 1: Boom-type roadheader.One of the characteristics for roadheader is that walking unit will suspend when the machine is cutting coal and rock mass. After ending the cutting position location at the beginning of one working cycle, walking unit brakes and the cutting head inserts into working face. Therefore, it is feasible to reuse the power of walking unit to cutting system through a torque coupling mechanism at the specific condition of cutting. As a consequence, a parallel hydraulic hybrid power cutting transmission system is put forward, as shown in Figure 2. A coupling gear is employed to combine input power between electric motor (EM) and hydraulic motor (HM). The reducer, comprising two-stage planetary gear sets with sun gear input and carrier output, provides the output power to cutting head.Figure 2: Parallel torque coupling system.As depicted in Figure 3, it is the schematic diagram of the new system. A variable displacement pump-variable displacement motor hydraulic circuit is adopted in this system. The output torque of HM is controlled by means of changing the displacement while the pressure is constant. There are three working modes for the new system to deal with different working conditions:(1)For light load, cutting electric motor works singly. The displacement of HM is adjusted to minimum.(2)For normal load, cutting electric motor and cutting hydraulic motor work simultaneously. The displacement of HM is changed corresponding to the load. The rotate speeds of HM and EM are almost unchangeable because of the parallel relationship between them. Thus, changing the output torque of HM can adjust the output power allocation between HM and EM. As a result, EM can work around the rated power point with a high efficiency.(3)For heavy load, cutting electric motor and cutting hydraulic motor work simultaneously and the displacement of HM is adjusted to maximum.Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the system.3. Models of Transmission System3.1. Electromechanical Model of Transmission SystemFigure 4 indicates the overall model of the hybrid power cutting transmission system which consists of traditional cutting system, coupling gears, and hydraulic system. The dynamics differential equations of the new hybrid power system are as follows [13]: where , , and are the rotary inertia of the EM, HM, and cutting head, respectively; and are input torque of EM and HM; is the load torque; is the torque input to coupler 1; is the torque input to coupler 2; is the torque input to sun gear of first stage; is the torque input to the sun gear of second stage; is the torque output from carrier; and are the stiffness and damping of coupler 1; and are the stiffness and damping of coupler 2; and are the stiffness and damping of spline sleeve; , , , , and are angular displacements of the EM, sun gear of the first-stage planetary, HM, cutting head, and carrier of the second-stage planetary, respectively; is the ratio of the coupling gears; and are the transmission ratios of two-stage planetary set, respectively.Figure 4: Dynamic model of the cutting system.3.2. Electric Motor ModelFigure 5 depicts the equivalent circuit of the asynchronous electric motor. The mechanical characteristic of the asynchronous electric motor is derived as follows [14]:where is the electromagnetic power, is the electromagnetic

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Guowei Li; Aihui Yuan. Performance Analysis of a Hybrid Power Cutting System for Roadheader. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017, 2017, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Guowei Li, Aihui Yuan. Performance Analysis of a Hybrid Power Cutting System for Roadheader. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2017; 2017 ():1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Guowei Li; Aihui Yuan. 2017. "Performance Analysis of a Hybrid Power Cutting System for Roadheader." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017, no. : 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 15 November 2016 in Journal of Vibroengineering
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The influence of the control characteristics of a direct torque control (DTC) motor on the load sharing behavior of a torque coupling gear set is studied by establishing a dynamic model of a multi-motor torque coupling system. The effects of run-out errors of the pinions of the torque coupling gear set on the powertrain are analyzed under steady operating conditions. The difference in rotational speed among the pinions becomes apparent, and the load sharing behavior deteriorates when there are run-out errors. The relationship between the control characteristics and load sharing behavior is studied. The difference in rotational speed decreases and the load sharing behavior improves as proportional and integral gains of the speed controller increase.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Ming Li; Minghui Hu; Datong Qin. Influence of motor control characteristics on load sharing behavior of torque coupling gear set. Journal of Vibroengineering 2016, 18, 4539 -4549.

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Ming Li, Minghui Hu, Datong Qin. Influence of motor control characteristics on load sharing behavior of torque coupling gear set. Journal of Vibroengineering. 2016; 18 (7):4539-4549.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Ming Li; Minghui Hu; Datong Qin. 2016. "Influence of motor control characteristics on load sharing behavior of torque coupling gear set." Journal of Vibroengineering 18, no. 7: 4539-4549.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering
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Yang Yang. High Reliability Electromechanical-hydraulic Short-range Cutting Transmission System of Shearer. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2016, 52, 111 -119.

AMA Style

Yang Yang. High Reliability Electromechanical-hydraulic Short-range Cutting Transmission System of Shearer. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2016; 52 (4):111-119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang. 2016. "High Reliability Electromechanical-hydraulic Short-range Cutting Transmission System of Shearer." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 52, no. 4: 111-119.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2014 in Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control
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In order to solve the limitations and complexity of a pressure coordinated control system for hybrid regenerative braking, a new pressure coordinated control system applicable for a regenerative braking system of hybrid electric vehicles is proposed in this paper based on an appropriate transformation on a traditional hydraulic braking system equipped with an antilock braking system (ABS). The system can realize regenerative braking and traditional ABS braking simultaneously. It also has greatly improved driver's brake pedal feel. The system model has been simulated and analyzed based on AMESim-simulink cosimulation. The simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the system, which lay the foundation for design and optimization of the regenerative braking system.

ACS Style

Yang Yang; Jiahang Zou; Datong Qin. Design and Simulation of Pressure Coordinated Control System for Hybrid Vehicle Regenerative Braking System. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 2014, 136, 1 .

AMA Style

Yang Yang, Jiahang Zou, Datong Qin. Design and Simulation of Pressure Coordinated Control System for Hybrid Vehicle Regenerative Braking System. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control. 2014; 136 (5):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Yang; Jiahang Zou; Datong Qin. 2014. "Design and Simulation of Pressure Coordinated Control System for Hybrid Vehicle Regenerative Braking System." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 136, no. 5: 1.