Mangoes are highly valued for their flavor and nutritional content, but their shelf life is limited due to quick ripening and susceptibility to microbial deterioration. The use of salicylic acid and melatonin as postharvest dipping treatments for mango fruits has the potential to significantly improve shelf life while retaining fruit quality. Salicylic acid modulates ethylene synthesis and stress reactions, whereas melatonin provides a strong antioxidant defense. These treatments might be used in postharvest management methods to minimize losses and improve mango marketability. The goal of this study is to look at the effects of salicylic acid and melatonin postharvest treatments on Keitt mango fruit in terms of physiochemical quality, enzyme activity, and ascorbic acid content during cold storage. Fruits were chilled at 5 °C ± 2 and 85 ± 2 percent humidity throughout the 2022–2023 seasons. The treatments were as follows: control (untreated fruits), salicylic acid (1 and 2 mM), and melatonin (200 and 400 mM). Data showed that dipping mango fruits in salicylic acid and melatonin under cold conditions decreased weight loss and fruit decay while improving physiochemical properties such as fruit firmness, total soluble solids (TSS%), total acidity, total sugars, enzyme activities, and ascorbic acid levels over time. In both seasons, dipping mango fruits in a melatonin solution at 200 mM followed by a salicylic acid solution at 1 mM produced the highest values for all examined parameters when compared to the control and other treatments. These findings indicate that postharvest administration of salicylic acid and melatonin can successfully increase the storability and quality of Keitt mangoes under refrigerated circumstances, providing a feasible technique for reducing postharvest losses and increasing marketability.

This study looks at the impacts of magnetically treated water on the physicochemical parameters of water and soil, as well as its impact on the vegetative development, biochemical content, fruit quality, and yield of Superior seedless grapevines during two seasons in 2022 and 2023. The vines planted 2 x 3 meters apart used drip irrigation and were trellised following the Spanish Parron technique, resulting in the production of 12 cans with 10 eyes each. The treatments were as follows: control (irrigation with regular water sourced from an artesian well) and magnetically treated water (irrigation with magnetized water). The results showed considerable improvements in all the measures tested. Magnetically treated water showed an increase in pH and electrical conductivity, along with reductions in density, surface tension, viscosity, refractive index, and soil characteristics. The Infra - Red spectrum analysis revealed that magnetic treatment affects the polarization and distribution of water molecules, but it has no influence on the molecular structure of the water. The soil characteristics showed a decrease in pH, electrical conductivity, sodium, and chloride concentrations, while improvements were observed in potassium, calcium, and magnesium levels. Furthermore, grapevines irrigated with magnetically treated water exhibited enhanced vegetative growth (shoot length, leaf area, leaf fresh weight & dry weight, cane thickness, and weight of pruning residues), increased biochemical content (chlorophyll content, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), and improved fruit quality characteristics (cluster weight, cluster length, and cluster width, average weight & volume of 100 berries, fruit firmness, total soluble solids), and yield indicators also improved significantly, demonstrating the effectiveness of magnetically treated water as a new agricultural approach. These findings show magnetically treated water's potential for optimizing water consumption and increasing agricultural output in a sustainable manner. Further study is needed to investigate long-term uses and the processes that underpin these benefits.

The purpose of this study is to see how foliar applications of ascorbic acid and citric acid, as well as soil applications of humic acid, affect Superior seedless grapevine growth, yield and fruit quality in both seasons of 2022 and 2023. This research was carried out at a private orchard in Al-Khatahtbah - Sadat, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. The vineyard was planted at distance of 2 x 3 meters apart under drip irrigation and trellised using the Spanish Parron technique, which resulted in 12 spurs with ten eyes each. The treatments were as follows: control (untreated vines), foliar ascorbic acid and citric acid at concentrations 1200 and 1300 PPm for each and soil humic acid addition at concentrations 1.5 and 2 kg/fed. and varied combinations of them. All treatments significantly improved characteristics of vegetative growth such as shoot length, leaf development, leaf area, number of leaves/shoot, fresh weight and dry weight, total chlorophyll content, as well as cluster characteristics, berry physical parameters, berry biochemical characteristics and yield. The results cleared that increasing rates of ascorbic acid, citric acid and humic acid followed gradually by an increase in all studied parameters.

Pruning is a critical component of grape production as it aims to maintain the balance between yield, fruit quality, and vegetative growth. This experiment carried out to study the effects of different cane lengths per vine on water use efficiency, vegetative growth, leaf biochemical, berry chemical & physical composition, and yield of Black Magic grapevines to determine the optimum cane length to leave on the vines to achieve the highest possible water use efficiency and yield with the best vegetative growth, chemical and physical composition while maintaining vine vigor during two consecutive seasons 2022 and 2023. Treatments were as follows: 14 canes with 4 buds, 14 canes with 5 buds, 14 canes with 6 buds, 14 canes with 7 buds, and 14 canes with 8 buds. Results revealed that all cane lengths per vine had a substantial effect on the examined attributes throughout both seasons. It was discovered that vines trimmed at 14 canes with 6 buds in both terms gave the best ethics of most studied features, such as water use efficiency, leaf area, shoot length, cane thickness, pruning weight, chlorophyll content, concentration of leaf mineral elements (nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, and calcium), crude protein, total soluble solids, total anthocyanin content in berry skin, weight and volume of berry, berry firmness, total yield, and reduced total acidity. Pruning may manage production by selecting enough buds to supply the number of clusters the vine can carry, resulting in good water use efficiency, yield and quality of grapevine clusters. The pruning can promote more efficient and sustainable farming practices, promoting water use efficiency, yield and fruit quality of Black Magic grapevine.

This study estimated the effects of different bud numbers per vine on vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting, yield and fruit quality of Black Magic grapevines to determine the optimum number of buds to be left on the vines to achieve the highest possible yield with the best fruit quality while maintaining vine vigor during two successive seasons 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 in a private vineyard located at Wadi Al-Natrun, Beheira governorate, Egypt. The treatments were done as follows: 60 eyes (6 eyes × 10 canes), 66 eyes (6 eyes × 11 canes), 72 eyes (6 eyes × 12canes), 78 eyes (6 eyes × 13 canes), 84 eyes (6 eyes × 14 canes) and 90 eyes (6 eyes × 15 canes). The results showed that studied characteristics were significantly affected by all different bud number per vine in both studied seasons. It was found that vines pruned at 90 and 84 eyes per vine gave the best values of most studied features such as leaf area, shoot length, leaves total chlorophyll content, number of berries at harvest, average weight & volume berry, percentage of total soluble solids, cluster weight, yield per vine and yield per Feddan that produced an appropriate balance between growth aspects and productivity. So, production can be controlled by pruning as a sufficient amount of buds is selected to provide the number of clusters the plant can bear to give high yield and quality of grapevine clusters.