For the first time porous tungsten coatings were obtained by vacuum annealing of coatings consisting of both lead solution in β-W and a mixture of Pb solution in β-W and pure lead. Electron-microscopic studies of the obtained coatings before and after vacuum annealing at 800 оС for 1 hour and 6 hours were carried out. The formation of a new phase of tungsten with an octa-lattice and parameter a = 0.4878±0.0005 nm was recorded.

This study aimed to develop a technology for synthesizing non-degrading porous coatings that remain stable under the conditions of outer space. Using the magnetron sputtering method, we obtained vanadium–lead system coatings over a wide range of mutual concentrations from 6 to 44.9 at. % Pb. X-ray and electron microscopic studies were conducted on the obtained coatings. As a result of the research, a dependence of the film structure on changes in the lead concentration in vanadium was demonstrated. A correlation between the lead concentration in vanadium, the size of the resulting crystallites of solid solutions, and the change in the lattice parameter of the solid solution depending on the lead concentration in the coating was identified. A new possibility of producing porous vanadium coatings through vacuum annealing of the obtained alloy-based coatings in the V-Pb system was shown.

For the first time, porous tungsten coatings were obtained by vacuum annealing of coatings consisting of both lead solution in β-W and a mixture of Pb solution in β-W and pure lead. Electron microscopic studies of the obtained coatings before and after vacuum annealing at 800 °C for 1 h and 6 h were carried out. The formation of a new phase of tungsten with an octa-lattice and parameter a = 0.4878 ± 0.0005 nm was recorded.

The aim of this study was to develop a magnetron-sputtering technique for synthesizing hafnium carbonitride coatings and a method for determining the melting temperature of the coating material that would correlate with the melting temperatures of the corresponding bulk materials. Magnetron sputtering was used to obtain a coating with a composition of 53 at.% Hf, 27 at.% C, and 20 at.% N. The coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. The study demonstrated the synthesis of hafnium carbonitride coatings with a specified stoichiometric composition. The nitrogen concentration in the plasma-forming gas at which Hf–C–N formation begins was identified. A method for determining the melting temperature of thin-film coatings was developed, providing an approach for studying new materials prepared in thin-film form.

The aim of this study was to develop a technology for the magnetron synthesis of hafnium carbonitride coatings and to develop a method for determining the melting temperature of the synthesized coating material that correlates with the melting temperatures of the corresponding bulk materials. Using magnetron sputtering, a coating with a composition of 53 at.% Hf, 27 at.% C, and 20 at.% N was obtained. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy studies were performed to characterize the synthesized coatings. The results demonstrated the feasibility of magnetron synthesis of hafnium carbonitride coatings with a specified stoichiometric composition. The nitrogen concentration in the plasma-forming gas required for the onset of Hf–C–N compound formation was determined. A method for determining the melting temperature of thin-film coatings was developed, providing an approach for determining the melting temperatures of new materials in thin-film form.

By averaging the sizes of metal nanoparticles capable of merging at different concentrations of elements in the alloy, the size dependence of ultrafine particles on the melting point of the corresponding bulk elements was determined: d_Me = 2R_Me = 1.46 − 7.3 × 10⁻⁵T₀. It was found that the particle size is the predominant factor in the formation of alloys from nanosized particles at low temperatures, regardless of their physical properties and crystal structure. Based on the Thomson equation and the average sizes of metal nanoparticles, the values of interfacial tension at the crystal–melt interface for like metals were derived and found to satisfactorily follow a linear dependence. An approximate calculation of the interfacial tension for nanoparticles of like elements in the range of (100 − d_Me) nm revealed no dependence on cluster size in this range. The study of size-dependent properties of dissimilar nanoparticles during the formation of solid solutions requires separate investigation. The obtained results can be used to produce new alloys from other elements not considered in this study.