The prevalence of atherosclerotic complications (myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden death) is increased in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, especially in haemodialysis patients. Increasing evidence suggests that both in general population and in dialysis patients, systemic inflammation plays a dominant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic complications. In general population, also, evidence shows that moderate to severe periodontitis can contribute to inflammatory burden by increasing serum CRP levels and may increase the prevalence of atherosclerotic events. Moreover, the results of some new interventional studies reveal that effective phase I periodontal therapy may decrease serum CRP levels, the most important acute phase protein, monitored as a systemic marker of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction as well, used as an initial predictor of atherosclerotic events. Considering that moderate to severe periodontal diseases have a higher prevalence in CKD and in dialysis population and that periodontal examination is not part of the standard medical assessment, destructive periodontitis might be an ignored source of systemic inflammation in end-stage renal disease patients and may add to the chronic inflammatory status in CKD.

Background. The aim of our study was to assess the subgingival profile of 9 periodontal pathogens, by means of real-time PCR, in a group of predialysis chronic kidney disease patients with and without periodontal disease and to identify the risk factors associated with periodontal disease in these patients.Material and Methods. This is a single centre cross-sectional cohort study performed on 70 CKD patients. Patients received a full-mouth periodontal examination and the following parameters were assessed: periodontal pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque index; subgingival biofilm samples were collected from the deepest periodontal pocket of each quadrant and were pooled in one transporting unit. Clinical data were drawn from the medical file of the patients.Results.T. denticola(P=0.001),T. forsythia(P<0.001), andP. micros(P=0.003) are significantly associated with periodontal disease in CKD subjects but in a multivariate model only age andT. forsythiaremain independent risk factors for periodontal disease in patients with CKD.Conclusions. In our cohort, age andT. forsythiaare independently associated with periodontitis in CKD patients. Within the limits of this study, CKD was not significantly associated with a particular subgingival periodontal pathogens profile in periodontitis patients.

The anodization or thermal treatments applied to alloys of titanium and zirconium have a substantiated effect on the mixed-oxide layer formation compared to the naturally occurring one. A Ti–Zr 50%/50% alloy was chosen for a comparative study. Controlled, thermally treated, and anodized samples obtained with controlled procedures were analyzed in terms of morphological and compositional analysis (using SEM and EDX analysis) as well as for the determination of hardness variations. Substantial differences were observed depending on the applied functionalization method (compact of structured mixed-oxide nanotubes when the samples are subjected to the anodization procedure); there was an increase of more than six folds in the mixed-oxide layer hardness and D Shore scale, when subjected to thermal treatment, and hence, this lead to the conclusion that one may control the morphology, composition and/or the hardness of the mixed-oxide layer by applying one or another or a combination of functionalization methods.

Background/Objectives: Endo-periodontal lesions (EPLs) represent complex pathological entities involving both periodontal and pulpal tissues, often implying diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Limited evidence exists regarding the relationship between periodontal disease staging and grading and EPL subtype. The aim is to evaluate the clinical and statistical distribution of endo-periodontal lesions and investigate their association with periodontal stage and grade according to the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) classification. Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. Among 884 examined patients, 31 of them were diagnosed with EPLs and included in the analysis. Demographic variables, systemic conditions, affected tooth type, EFP stage and grade, and EPL type according to the Foce classification were recorded. Statistical analysis included Fisher’s exact test and univariable and multivariable binomial logistic regression models. Results: The mean age of the patients was 53.55 ± 9.42 years, with a nearly equal gender distribution. Most patients presented Stage III periodontitis (54.8%), Grade B periodontitis (71%), and EPL 3 (58.1%). Pluriradicular teeth were the most frequently affected (64.5%). The only statistically significant association identified was between EFP grading and EPL classification (p = 0.001). Grade B patients were significantly more likely to present EPL 3 than Grade C patients. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that Grade B was a strong predictor of EPL 3 both in the univariable model (OR = 27.2; 95% CI: 2.712–272.828) and after adjustment for age and gender (OR = 32.676; 95% CI: 2.832–376.984). Neither age nor gender showed a significant association with EPL 3 occurrence. Conclusions: EPL 3 was the predominant lesion subtype in the study. EFP grading was significantly associated with EPL distribution, with Grade B emerging as an independent predictor of EPL 3. These findings suggest that periodontal disease progression may play a key role in the development and characterization of combined endo-periodontal lesions and highlight the importance of integrated periodontal–endodontic assessment in clinical practice.