The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy on pain, functionality, and electrophysiological measurements in carpal tunnel syndrome. Between June 2021 and January 2022, a total of 66 wrists in 45 participants with mild-to-moderate carpal tunnel syndrome were included in this double-blind, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Patients were randomized into two groups, namely, the radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (group 1, n=33) and the sham radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (group 2, n=33). Night splints and tendon nerve gliding exercises were given to all participants. The participants were evaluated at baseline and the first month after treatment. Participants were evaluated using a visual analog scale, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, Leeds Neuropathic Symptom and Symptom Assessment, and electrophysiological examinations. A total of 37 participants (a total of 55 wrists, radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy n=27, and sham radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy n=28) completed the study. After the intervention, there was a significant decrease in visual analog scale values (p<0.001) and a significant increase in Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire scores (p<0.001) and Leeds Neuropathic Symptom and Symptom Assessment scores (p<0.001). In electrophysiological measurements, there was a significant decrease in median nerve sensory (p=0.002) and motor (p=0.003) distal latency, and a significant increase in median nerve sensory conduction velocity (p=0.026) was found in the radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy group. This study shows that radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy has positive effects on pain, functionality, and electrophysiological measurements for mild-to-moderate carpal tunnel syndrome 1 month after application.

This study investigates the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the SNCA gene, encoding alpha-synuclein, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A case–control study was conducted including 95 AD patients and 97 healthy controls. Four SNCA polymorphisms (rs2583988, rs2619363, rs2619364, rs10005233) were analyzed using logistic regression, haplotype estimation, genotype combination analysis, and Random Forest modeling. Significant associations were identified for rs2583988, rs2619364, and rs2619363, while rs10005233 showed no association. The rs2583988 C allele and rs2619364 G allele were more frequent in patients, suggesting increased disease risk. Linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed weak correlations (low r²), indicating largely independent genetic effects. Multivariate logistic regression showed that clinical parameters, rather than genetic variants, were independently associated with AD. Multi-locus genotype analysis demonstrated that specific SNP combinations were linked to increased disease risk. Firth regression confirmed associations in low-frequency genotypes. The outcomes derived from the Random Forest methodology were classified as exploratory and not as proof of clinical predictive utility, attributed to the limited sample size, the absence of external validation, and the educational imbalance. Ordinal logistic regression indicated no association between SNCA variants and cognitive severity, while education had a protective effect. The selected SNCA variants showed exploratory associations with AD in this cohort; however, they failed to maintain their validity as independent predictors in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Before drawing any conclusions regarding screening or risk stratification, these findings require independent replication, correction for multiple testing and functional validation.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the differences between acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD) with COVID-19 and acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD) without COVID-19.Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study. Using the database of the University of Health Sciences Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, In this study was analyzed 84 cases of CVD with COVID-19 and 56 cases of CVD without COVID-19. Statistical comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test and Pearson Chi-Square test.Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, or comorbidities (p > 0.05). The rates of large vessel occlusion, ischemic stroke, single lesion, anterior circulation lesion, and left hemisphere lesions were high in both groups. But there were no significant differences between the two groups. However, hemorrhagic stroke, multiple territory involvement, and mortality rates were significantly higher in the CVD with COVID-19 group compared to the CVD-only group (p < 0.05).Urea, BUN, AST, CK, CRP, direct bilirubin, ferritin, neutrophil count and percentage, immunoglobulin percentage, INR, PTsec, immunoglobulin, and troponin T levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the CVD with COVID-19 group. Meanwhile, GFR, Cl, Ca, albumin, RBC, lymphocyte count and percentage, monocyte percentage, basophil count and percentage, and PT% were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the CVD with COVID-19 group.Conclusions: The findings indicate that COVID-19 may contribute to more severe neurovascular complications and is associated with increased mortality rates.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the effect of cognition in patients with COVID-19 within 12 weeks after infection. Methods: A prospective study included 30 patients with COVID-19 within three months after COVID-19 and 30 healthy controls.The age, gender and educational status of the participants were recorded.These patients underwent montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA) test. Statistical comparisons were performed using Mann witney U test and Pearson Chi-Square test. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in age between the patients with Covid-19 and the control group (p=0.02). No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of gender (p=0,06). The total MOCA test score of the COVID-19 patient group was found to be statistically significantly lower than the control group (p=0,00). The education level of the patients with COVID-19 was found to be statistically significantly lower than the control group (p=0.05) Conclusion: The results suggest that cognitive decline is a prolonged effect within 12 weeks after COVID-19.