Background and Objectives: Uterine fibroids develop in 25–40% of women of childbearing age; however, there are discrepancies resulting from population and socioeconomic differences. The pathogenesis of fibroids is not clear. The aim of the study was to assess the potential connection between the use of oral contraceptives and the occurrence of uterine fibroids in women of childbearing age. Materials and Methods: In this prospective, survey, case–control study, data were collected from Caucasian female patients (mean age = 30) using a questionnaire concerning the onset, duration and form of hormonal contraception, and medical and obstetrical history. The questionnaires were handed personally to hospitalized patients as well as distributed through Google forms on social media. Results: In a study group (n = 140) of patients using hormonal contraception, 37.8% of them were diagnosed with uterine fibroids, whereas among the patients not using hormonal contraception (n = 206), uterine fibroids were diagnosed in 59.6% of the patients. The most common hormonal contraception was two-component hormonal tablets used by 93.3% of the patients. Taking contraceptives was a uterine fibroids protective factor (OR = 0.4, p = 0.007). In the study group, 5.5% of the patients were pregnant and 60.42% were diagnosed with uterine fibroids (OR = 4.4, p < 0.000001). Conclusion: Contraception was found to be a protective factor for uterine fibroids among the women surveyed. The presented data confirm the theory about the hormonal dependence of uterine fibroids.

Background and Objectives: Endometriosis is a hormone-dependent chronic inflammatory disease with serious reproductive and general health consequences. It is viewed as a multifactorial problem, consisting of matters related to altered immunity and genetics. In this study, we determined the correlation between endometriosis and allergic and autoimmune diseases in patients at reproductive age. Materials and Methods: Online surveys distributed through websites related to gynecological problems. The questionnaire was composed of 63 single and multiple-choice questions concerning the course of endometriosis, diet, and allergic and autoimmune diseases. The obtained data were assessed using statistical tests. Results: 501 female patients (mean age 31.1 SD = 6.8) were included in the study. The control group (n = 155) consisted of healthy females, whereas the study group (n = 346) consisted of female patients with endometriosis; each group was subdivided according to allergy status. There were statistically significant differences between groups for the following: positive family history of endometriosis (p = 0.0002), onset of allergic symptoms (p = 0.0003), frequency and duration of abdominal pain (p = 0.00625), and defecation disorders (p = 0.0006). Asthma was less common in the study group (p = 0.00611). The group of patients with endometriosis and allergies had a high median of consumption of red meat (p = 0.0143), fish (p = 0.0016), and dairy products (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Endometriosis did not affect autoimmune diseases and their courses. Patients with diagnosed endometriosis presented allergy symptoms much earlier than the healthy patients. The consumption of dietary products such as soya products, red meat, and alcohol had an influence on the occurrence of endometriosis.

Introduction: Pole dance is considered a moderate-intensity exercise that improves health, and cardiorespiratory fitness as a combination of dance, sport, and physical recreation. However, due to its physical demand, pole dance may cause potentially severe injuries. According to the literature, 85% of all pole dancers reported injury during training. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and characteristics of injuries in female pole dance amateurs in Poland. Material and Methods: In this prospective survey, case-control research, data was collected from female pole dancers using online questionnaires. The survey was composed of 23 questions, concerning the type of injury, the way of its treatment, complications, and recovery time. The collected data was statistically analyzed. Results: 445 females (mean age = 30.8 years, SD = 5.67) were included into the study group. 42.9% of females reported injuries, the most common were contusions (60.2%) and dislocations (19.9%). The shoulder (27.2%) and wrist (12%) were the most frequently affected structures. 80% of injuries required discontinuation in training, whereas 76% of all trauma cases demanded consultation with doctors or physiotherapists. The further analysis stated that risk factors for injury were age (p = 0.0138) and training frequency (p = 0.003). The incidence of injury was also influenced by the duration of practice (p < 0.0001). In 59.7% of cases, injury considerably influenced respondents’ daily activities. Conclusions: Pole dance is a demanding sport with a high incidence of injuries, which mostly affect the upper extremities. A higher risk of injury may be determined by increasing age, duration, and frequency of training.

Ovarian cancer remains one of the deadliest gynecologic malignancies because of late-stage diagnosis, biological heterogeneity, and the lack of effective early detection strategies. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) comprises several histotypes, including high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC), endometrioid ovarian carcinoma (ENOC), clear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCOC), and mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC), each with distinct molecular pathways and precursor lesions. In recent years, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) has emerged as the principal precursor lesion of HGSC, supporting the fallopian tube origin paradigm of ovarian carcinogenesis. This structured scoping review summarizes current evidence on the molecular and cellular origins of epithelial ovarian cancer, with particular emphasis on precursor lesions, including p53 signatures, SCOUTs, STILs, cortical inclusion cysts, endometriosis-associated lesions, and borderline ovarian tumors. Particular attention is given to the molecular events that drive progression toward invasive carcinoma, including TP53 mutations, BRCA1/2 dysfunction, homologous recombination deficiency, chromosomal instability, telomere shortening, cell-cycle dysregulation, stemness-associated pathways, and inflammatory signaling. A structured literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify studies published from 2000 to 2026 that addressed ovarian cancer precursor lesions, molecular pathogenesis, and early carcinogenic mechanisms. Articles were selected for relevance to epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis, precursor biology, and translational implications. Current evidence supports substantial biological heterogeneity among precursor lesions, particularly STICs, with only a subset likely to progress to invasive HGSC. Emerging molecular approaches, including genome-wide aneuploidy profiling and integrated genomic classifiers, may improve risk stratification and facilitate earlier detection of clinically significant precursor lesions. A better understanding of precursor biology may ultimately contribute to personalized prevention strategies and improved clinical outcomes in ovarian cancer.

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent, debilitating gynecologic disease impacting millions of women globally. One of the main characteristics of this benign condition is the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, causing dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. However, despite many reports on the origin and molecular pathogenesis of endometriosis, the etiology of this disease has not been fully explored yet. Recently, significant attention has been paid to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Numerous studies focused on exploring the association between lncRNAs and the progression of various human diseases. LncRNAs function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) interacting with microRNAs as a “sponge” to regulate cell functions. According to multiple studies, lncRNAs seem to have the potential as markers for diagnosing, and monitoring progression and staging in endometriosis. In this review, we summarized the lncRNAs that were found to influence the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Furthermore, we tried to assess its potential in the process of endometriosis transition from benign through atypical forms, up to EAOC (Endometriosis Associated Ovarian Cancer).