The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pes planus level on counter movement jump (CMJ) performance parameters in amateur female and male volleyball players. In this context, amateur volleyball players aged between 18 and 23 years actively playing in the university school volleyball team were included in the study. Pes planus levels of the participants were analyzed using the navicular drop test (NDT). My Jump Lab application was used for CMJ measurement. Within the scope of CMJ, the participants’ jump height, force, relative force, power, relative power, average speed, take-off speed, impulse, and flying time were analyzed. According to the linear regression results between NDT and CMJ parameters, force in males (t = 12.93, P = .049) and average speed in females (t = −3.52, P = .017) were significantly associated with NDT. NDT was similar in men and women (P > .05). However, all CMJ parameters were highly different between genders (P < .001). In the correlation analysis between sport age and physical characteristics and CMJ parameters; height (r = .386, P = .046), weight (r = .569, P = .002), leg length (r = .389, P = .045), foot length (r =. 558, P = .005), foot width (r = .478, P = .018), force (r = .407, P = .039), impulse (r = .460, P = .018) parameters, and sport age. The results suggest that the average speed in females and force in males both significantly influenced NDT, highlighting the significance of both factors in predicting NDT scores. Moreover, all CMJ measures showed significant variations between genders, although the NDT scores did not. Furthermore, the correlation analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between a number of physical attributes and CMJ parameters, highlighting the multifaceted nature of athletic performance and indicating the possible impact of these attributes on CMJ results.

Futsal games have high intensity and dynamics that require good skills and physical conditions, one of which is leg muscle explosiveness. By doing plyometric training (hurddle jump), body-weight training (lunges), and paying attention to explosive power factors including speed as a group determinant is believed to affect the explosive power of the player's leg muscles. However, despite recognizing the importance of both training methods in improving leg muscle explosive power, there is still a lack of a thorough understanding of their combined effect on players' leg muscle explosive power during futsal play. This study aims to analyze the differences in the effect of the intervention groups of plyometric training methods and body weight training by considering the level of running speed on explosive power results. Training groups include plyometric training groups and body weight training groups, while speed is categorized as high or low. Using an experimental approach with a 2 x 2 factorial design, this study randomly selected 20 players aged 17.1 ± 0.768 years. Training was conducted in three sessions per week for approximately six weeks. Training focused on fast/explosive movements. Speed data was collected using the 30m acceleration test and the leg muscle explosiveness standing broad jump test. The data were then statistically analyzed using a two-way ANOVA at the 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that both training methods can benefit individuals with high speed (P<0.05). However, leg muscle explosive power training with plyometric exercise was more effective on individuals with high speed (P<0.05). As for those with low speed, plyometric exercise can provide better results (P<0.05). These findings provide valuable insights for futsal coaches and instructors in designing customized training programs to improve leg muscle explosiveness. Keywords: Plyometric, Body Weight, Speed, Power

Background and Study Aim. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of basic athletics education on students' anthropometric measurements, motor skills and attitudes towards athletics. Material and Methods. 17 female and 17 male students from the faculty of sports sciences participated in the research, totally 34 students participated. Basic athletics education was given to the students for 14 weeks. Anthropometric measurements (body fat percentage, fat weight, muscle weight), motor skill tests (vertical jump, standing long jump, acceleration, sprint and change of direction) and Athletics Attitude Scale were applied as pre-test and post-test. Paired-Samples T-test and ANOVA test were used for in-group comparisons regarding the effect of education. Results. The analysis determined significant differences in the use of tools and fields. These differences were in favor of students who played team sports. In comparison, students who played individual sports or did not participate in any sports branch did not exhibit the same level of differences. When evaluated before and after the training, it was seen that there were significant differences in the sub-dimension of tool and field use in all students. When examining motoric and anthropometric values, several changes were observed in male students. These changes included positive shifts in fat percentage, fat weight, long jump, 10 m acceleration, 30 m sprint, and change of direction values. It was found that muscle weights and vertical jump performance values of female students changed significantly in a positive direction. Conclusions. As a result, it can be said that basic athletics training practices have a significant impact on students' attitudes towards athletics. This impact is particularly noticeable in the areas of tool and field utilization. Additionally, these training practices show positive effects, particularly for male students. These effects are observed in terms of improvements in motor skills and anthropometric measurements.

The purpose of this study is to compare the physical and motor characteristics of individuals with total visual impairment (TVI) and individuals with low vision (LVI). 250 participants (136 participants=TVI, 114 participants=LVI) bettween the age 10-19 participated in the study. Participants’ anthropometric features (age, height, weight, and BMI), balance, sitting reach, standing long jump, shuttle run, vertical jump, shuttle, hanging with bent arm, and handgrip strength were measured. Dr. Lovett's manual muscle strength measurement (MMSM) was used to determine the strength parameters. The strength of arm flexion strenght (FS), arm extension strenght (ES), leg FS, leg ES, hip FS, hip ES, back and abdominal strenght were measured. For statistical analysis the SPSS 25 was used. Therefore, Independent Sample T Test was used to determine the difference between the two groups. As a result of the statistical analyzes, a significant difference was found between TVI and LVI in balance, sit and reach, standing long jump, shuttle run, vertical jump, shuttle, handgrip strength, abdominal strength, back strength, hip FS, arm FS, and arm ES (p0.05). As a result of the study, it was found that the degree of vision significantly affects physical and motor development. TVI develop slower than LVI in terms of physical and motor characteristics. This study was conducted to reveal the difference in motor characteristics between TVI and LVI. According to the results of this study; In order to prevent insufficient physical and motor development in TVI individuals in developmental age, it is recommended to be supported with sportive activities. The development of TVI individuals should be followed from early childhood and appropriate strategies should be developed.

Bu çalışmanın amacı Giyilebilir Teknolojik Spor Ürünlerine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasının yapılmasıdır. Çalışma grubunu 2020-2021 sezonunda çeşitli branşlarada aktif sporcu olup hem de bu spor ürünlerini kullanmakta olan ve araştırmaya gönüllülük esasına göre katılan 214 bireyden oluşurken yapılan normallik testi sonucu aykırı uç değer gösteren 4 anket formu analizden çıkartılmış olup 210 anket formu değerlendirmeye esas alınmıştır. Giyilebilir Teknolojik Spor Ürünlerine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği çalışmasına başlarken 22 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri sonucu açıklanan varyans değeri 60.08 olarak tespit edilen ölçeğin, 14 madde ve 2 faktörlü yapıyı desteklediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu faktörler 9 madde (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) Pozitif Tutum (PT) ve 5 madde (10,11,12,131,14) Negatif Tutum(NT) olarak adlandırılmıştır. Negatif tutum maddeleri ters kodlanmaktadır. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarına yönelik yapılan güvenirlik analiz sonçları iç tutarlık katsayısı ve test tekrar test yöntemiyle incelenmiş olup, hesaplanmış olan güvenirlik katsayıları 0.84 – 0.90 aralığında değiştiği görülmektedir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde yeterli derecede uyum indekslerine sahip olduğu istatistiksel olarak belirlenmiştir. Madde analizine göre incelendiğinde ise maddelerin ayırt edici olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak elde edilen bulgulara ait olarak Giyilebilir Teknolojik Spor Ürünlerine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (GTSÜYTÖ)’ nün geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu istatistiksel olarak belirlenmiştir.