The aim of this work is to encapsulate a self-healing photo-polymerisable material for aerospace applications. To meet the technical requirements of space applications – low and high temperatures: −120 °C (dark side) to +250 °C (solar side); UV radiations: 200–400 nm; low pressure: 10⁻⁴Pa – we chose trimethylolpropane triacrylate as healing agent. This monomer polymerises at 190 °C. To avoid its earlier thermal polymerisation, an inhibitor was added to the monomer/photo-initiator formulation. Moreover, among several microencapsulation techniques tested, we chose the sol–gel process to form silica microcapsules containing the self-healing formulation. These microcapsules were characterised by different analysis (scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), etc.) and satisfied our requirements (size 1–30 μm, thermal stability >250 °C). After the microcapsules breakage, the generation of poly(TMPTA) film by radical photopolymerisation of the released TMPTA monomer was proved by disappearance of the IR peak at 1635 cm⁻¹ (assigned to TMPTA). The obtained film has a thermal stability above 300 °C.

Polypropylene (PP) is a highly sought-after synthetic polymer. Due to its properties, it has wide applications in a number of industries. One-dimensional molded materials (fibers and strands) are widely used in the textile and construction sectors. Concrete reinforcing using PP fiber is an intriguing use in construction. Fiber can be provided in two forms: fine fibers (microfiber) and extrudates (macrofiber). The macrofiber has a length of up to 60 mm and a thickness of up to 300 microns. The aim of the work was to obtain PP-based macrofibers from recycled polymer using the natural antioxidant tocopherol. The initial polymer is used to produce the fiber, whereas, in this work, it is proposed to use a secondary PP. Vitamin E, a natural antioxidant, was added to the system to stabilize the melts. It has been demonstrated that adding up to 0.5% Vitamin E reduces the heat degradation of the polymer and yields melts with the appropriate viscoelastic characteristics. Rheological data was used to determine the fiber’s formability window. Macrofibers were derived from melts with varying histories. Their structure was investigated using X-ray structural analysis and IR spectroscopy, and their mechanical characteristics were assessed.

New polyurethane microcapsules incorporated with an antituberculous drug, isoniazid, have been synthesized through the interfacial polycondensation of tolylene 2,4-diisocyanate with different poly(ethylene glycols) in a water-toluene emulsion. As the poly(ethylene glycol) chain is elongated, the conversion of diisocyanate decreases with time; the content of urea groups in polyurethanes increases; and the morphology of capsule walls changes, with the walls becoming looser. At high poly(ethylene glycol) concentrations, the efficiency of isoniazid encapsulation decreases owing to displacement of the drug into the organic phase. An increase in the poly(ethylene glycol) concentration above 50 vol % leads to densification of polymer capsule walls because of enhancement of the diffusive accessibility of the monomer. As a result, the release of isoniazid decelerates almost twofold.

This review examines scientific and engineering strategies for adapting bituminous and asphalt concrete materials to the highly diverse climates of Central Asia. The region’s sharp gradients—from arid lowlands to cold mountainous zones—expose pavements to thermal fatigue, photo-oxidative aging, freeze–thaw cycles, and wind abrasion. Existing climatic classifications and principles for designing thermally and radiatively resilient pavements are summarized. Special emphasis is placed on linking binder morphology, rheology, and climate-induced transformations in composite bituminous systems. Advanced characterization methods—including dynamic shear rheometry (DSR), multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), bending beam rheometry (BBR), and linear amplitude sweep (LAS), supported by FTIR, SEM, and AFM—enable quantitative correlations between phase composition, oxidative chemistry, and mechanical performance. The influence of polymeric, nanostructured, and biopolymeric modifiers on stability and durability is critically assessed. The review promotes region-specific material design and the use of integrated accelerated aging protocols (RTFOT, PAV, UV, freeze–thaw) that replicate local climatic stresses. A climatic rheological profile is proposed as a unified framework combining climate mapping with microstructural and rheological data to guide the development of sustainable and durable pavements for Central Asia. Key rheological indicators—complex modulus (G*), non-recoverable creep compliance (Jnr), and the BBR m-value—are incorporated into this profile.