The increasing cultural and ethnic diversity within global migrant populations necessitates the provision of culturally competent care by healthcare personnel. This narrative literature review critically analyzes existing literature on the delivery of culturally competent care to migrants, highlighting key theoretical frameworks, empirical findings, and practical strategies to enhance cultural competence in healthcare settings. The review identifies significant health disparities faced by migrants, including barriers to accessing healthcare, communication challenges, and systemic issues within healthcare institutions. It emphasizes the importance of comprehensive training programs, supportive organizational policies, community engagement, and the innovative use of technology and telemedicine. Furthermore, it addresses the future directions and research gaps, calling for longitudinal studies, the development of robust metrics, and targeted strategies to overcome the digital divide and ensure data privacy. By addressing these areas, healthcare providers, educators, and policymakers can improve healthcare delivery, reduce health disparities, and ensure equitable access to care for migrant populations.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the risk to nurses’ mental health has increased rapidly. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of depression and burnout and to evaluate their possible association with the sense of coherence in nursing staff during the pandemic crisis. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory questionnaire, Beck’s Depression Inventory, and the Sense of Coherence questionnaire were completed by 101 male and 559 female nurses. Individual and demographic data were recorded. Regarding depression, 25.5% of respondents exhibited mild depression, 13.5% moderate depression and 7.6% severe depression. In the burnout scale, 47.1% had a pathological value. Female nurses had higher burnout (t test p < 0.01, 49.03 vs. 38.74) and depression (t test p < 0.01, 11.29 vs. 6.93) scores compared to men and lower levels in the sense of coherence (p < 0.05, 59.45 vs. 65.13). Regression evidenced that 43.7% of the variation in the BDI rating was explained by the CBI, while an additional 8.3% was explained by the sense of coherence. Mediation analysis indicated a partial mediation of burnout in the correlation between sense of coherence and depression. The sense of coherence acted as a negative regulator between burnout and depression.

Recent studies indicate that nurses experienced high levels of occupational burnout and insomnia during and after the pandemic and highlight resilience as a crucial competence for overcoming adversity. The aim of this study was to assess occupational burnout, insomnia, and psychological resilience and to explore their interrelations among Greek nurses 14 months after the official ending of the pandemic which was declared in May 2023. The study was conducted online in July 2024 and included 380 nurses currently working in Greek hospitals, who completed the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Overall, 56.1% of the nurses exhibited insomnia symptoms and 46.8% displayed signs of occupational burnout. Low resilience scores were observed in 26.3%. Multiple regression analysis indicated that CBI explained 34.4% of the variance in the AIS scores, while an additional 3% was explained by the BRS. Mediation analysis revealed that resilience operates protectively as a negative mediator in the relationship between burnout and insomnia. In conclusion, one year after the end of the pandemic the levels of occupational burnout and insomnia among nurses remain high, whereas psychological resilience seems to be retained at moderate levels. Consequently, there is an urgent need to regularly monitor for risk of burnout and insomnia and to implement resilience-building strategies for nurses to combat burnout and improve insomnia symptoms.

The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is a global health crisis with a particular emotional and physical impact on health professionals, especially nurses. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety, depression and fatigue and their possible relationships among nurses during the pandemic. The study population consisted of nurses from five tertiary-level public hospitals in Athens who completed the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaires. Gender, age and years of work experience were recorded. The study was conducted from mid-November to mid-December 2021. The sample included 404 nurses (69 males and 335 females) with a mean age of 42.88 years (SD = 10.90) and 17.96 (SD = 12.00) years of work experience. Symptoms of fatigue were noted in 60.4% of participants, while 39.7% had symptoms of depression, 60.1% had abnormal scores on state anxiety and 46.8% on trait anxiety, with females showing higher scores on all scales (p < 0.05). High positive correlations (p < 0.01) were found between the FAS, BDI, State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety scales. Regression analysis showed that 51.7% of the variance in FAS scores can be explained by trait anxiety, an additional 6.2% by the BDI and 1.2% by state anxiety. Mediation analysis showed that state anxiety and BDI mediate the relationship between trait anxiety and FAS. Finally, BDI was found to exert a moderating role in the relationship between trait anxiety and fatigue. In conclusion, our study showed that nurses continue to experience high rates of anxiety, depression and fatigue. The variation in fatigue appears to be significantly dependent on trait anxiety. Depressive symptomatology and state anxiety exert a parallel positive mediation on the relationship between trait anxiety and fatigue, with depression exhibiting a moderating role in this relationship.

Background/Objectives: Cultural diversity in healthcare settings is rapidly increasing, posing complex ethical and communication challenges for nurses. Competence in navigating cultural differences, alongside ethical sensitivity, is essential to delivering patient-centered care. This study aimed to examine the relationship between nurses’ cultural competence—measured as transcultural self-efficacy—and their knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning healthcare ethics in primary care settings in Greece. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 492 nurses using validated Greek versions of the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool (TSET–Gr) and the Nurses’ Ethics Questionnaire (NEQ–Gr). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assess correlations and predictive relationships between demographic variables, cultural self-efficacy subscales, and ethical constructs. Results: Nurses demonstrated moderate to high levels of cultural self-efficacy and ethical sensitivity. Affective self-efficacy was the highest-rated subscale and showed strong positive associations with ethical knowledge (r = 0.27, p < 0.001) and ethical attitudes (r = 0.23, p < 0.001). Multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that higher educational attainment significantly predicted both practical (b = 0.12, p = 0.045) and affective self-efficacy (b = 0.15, p = 0.002), as well as better ethical knowledge and attitudes. Notably, more years of experience were associated with lower self-perceived cultural competence. Nurses working in multicultural regions reported more favorable ethical orientations. Conclusions: Cultural competence, particularly emotional readiness to engage with cultural diversity, is a significant predictor of ethical awareness and behavior in nursing practice. Investment in continuous professional development, education, and supportive work environments is essential for cultivating both ethical sensitivity and culturally responsive care.

Background/Objectives: Greek cancer patients deal with high out-of-pocket medical expenses in comparison with the European Union average. All these high costs affect the quality of life of cancer patients, leading to financial toxicity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between financial toxicity and quality of life in patients undergoing cancer treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four hospitals in Greece. The Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) Scale was used for the evaluation of financial toxicity, and the EORTC Core Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) was used for the assessment of quality of life. Quantitative variables were first tested for normality using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov criterion. Spearman correlation coefficients (rho) were used to explore the association of two continuous variables. Multiple linear regression analysis was used with dependent the QoL subscales. Logarithmic transformations of the QoL scales were used for the regression analyses. Internal consistency reliability was determined by the calculation of Cronbach’s α coefficient. All reported p values are two-tailed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 and analyses were conducted using SPSS statistical software (version 27.0). Results: Greater financial toxicity score, i.e., lower toxicity, was significantly associated with greater global health status (rho = 0.34; p < 0.001) and greater physical (rho = 0.37; p < 0.001), role (rho = 0.17; p = 0.001), emotional (rho = 0.34; p < 0.001), cognitive (rho = 0.22; p < 0.001), and social (rho = 0.27; p < 0.001) functioning. Conclusions: There is a strong correlation between a greater financial toxicity score and the quality of life of Greek cancer patients, meaning the lower their financial toxicity, the better their quality of life.