Jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) is a recognizable and unique crop from Brazil. The fruit’s byproducts are currently being studied, given their bioactive composition and promising anti-cancer potential. It is not evident, however, if different harvesting seasons can modify the chemical profile and antioxidant capacity of jaboticaba fruit fractions. Furthermore, as there is limited data for jaboticaba’s anti-proliferative effects, additional assessments are required to improve the robustness of these findings. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the composition of the peel of jaboticaba collected in two periods (May—off-season, sample 1—and August–October—peak season, sample 2) and test the peel’s richest anthocyanin sample against colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. To accomplish this, proximate, spectrophotometric, and chromatographic analyses were performed in two freeze-dried samples; and anti-proliferative and/or colony-forming assays were carried out in Caco-2, HT29, and HT29-MTX cells. As a result, sample 2 showed the highest levels of polyphenols overall, including flavonoids and anthocyanins. This sample displayed significative higher contents of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (48%) and delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (105%), in addition to a superior antioxidant capacity (23% higher). Sample 1 showed higher amounts of total protein, gallic acid (20% higher), and specific carotenoids. An aqueous extract from sample 2 was tested against CRC, showing anti-proliferative effects for Caco-2 cells at 1 and 2 mg/mL concentrations, with IC50 values of 1.2–1.3 mg/mL. Additionally, the extract was able to inhibit cell colony formation when tested at both low and high concentrations. In conclusion, jaboticaba collected in the main season stands out regarding its polyphenol composition and holds potential against cancer cell growth.

Objective: To assess the absence of diabetic foot examination in Brazil and how ethnicity affected this outcome. Design: This is an analysis of a nationwide survey held in Brazil in 2019. Participants with diabetes and that were 15 years of age or older were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. Adjusted Poisson regression with robust variance was used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of never having had the foot examined, with separate models according to ethnicity. Stata 14.2 was used for all calculations. Results: We included 6216 individuals with diabetes; 52.1% (95%CI: 50.0%-54.2%) reported never having had their feet examined by a health care professional and 61% self-declared as Black (Black and Brown [Brazilian mixed race]). A higher frequency of negligence was observed among Black individuals (55.3%; 52.5%-58.1%) than among White individuals (48.2%; 45.0%-51.5%). Negligence was higher between 15- to 39-year-old participants (PR = 1.34, 1.14-1.57), lower educational level (PR = 1.37, 1.13-1.65), higher alcohol consumption (PR = 1.18, 1.06-1.31), fair health status (PR = 1.11, 1.01-1.21), and diabetes diagnosis of up to 10 years (PR = 1.42, 1.28-1.57). Among Blacks, tobacco use and other factors increased the frequency of the outcome, whereas participation in the Brazilian Unified Health System primary care program was a protection factor (P<.05). Conclusion: Black Brazilians with diabetes had higher negligence of foot examination by health care professionals. Strengthening primary care would help mitigate systemic racism in Brazil.

BackgroundEpidemics targeted to end by the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 3.3 significantly impact morbidity and mortality, requiring adequate response. We investigated the prioritization of publications regarding SDG target 3.3 epidemics: AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, and associated factors. MethodsThis cross-sectional study included journals from the 2024 Journal Citation Reports’ (JCR) Pharmacology & Pharmacy category. Primary outcome was publication priority on SDG target 3.3 (≥ 2% of publications about AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria). Bibliometric indicators were collected from JCR, and the number of publications in each journal up to 2023 was identified using Web of Science Core Collection. Gender and countries of the editors were obtained from the journals’ websites and categorized as low-and middle-income or high-income according to the World Bank classification. Poisson regression was employed to calculate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the outcome and journal characteristics. ResultsWe included 349 pharmaceutical journals, which were mostly headed by men (78.7%) and by editors-in-chief from high-income countries (84.0%). Most journals started in 1991-2010 (40.1%), were not open-access (63.3%), and had majority-male editorial boards (86.7%). Higher publication priority on SDG target 3.3 was observed in journals established more recently (1991‒2010: PR 1.58; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.27; ≥2011: PR 1.68; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.43) when compared to <1990, and those with leading editors from low-and middle-income countries (PR 1.44; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.99) in comparison to journals with editors-in-cheif from high-income countries. ConclusionsJournals with editors-in-chief from developing countries and those established more recently published more articles on SDG target 3.3 themes. Increasing diversity in editorial boards can be strategic on the path to disseminating research for sustainable development.

Objectives: To conduct a Delphi process to inform an international, consensus definition of manuscript peer review. Design: Three-round Delphi consensus study including two surveys and one virtual consensus meeting. Peer review features identified through a prior scoping review were rated on a 5-point Likert scale in Rounds 1 and 2 and voted on using include, exclude, and abstain options in Round 3. Consensus was defined as _≥ 80% agreement. Setting: International experts representing interest holders affected by manuscript peer review across the fields of biomedical, health, and social sciences, economics, and healthcare-related industries. Participants: Round 1 participants were purposively recruited via email from corresponding authors of articles included in the preceding scoping review. Round 2 participants were those who completed Round 1. Round 3 participants were purposely selected to address gaps in representation from earlier rounds, with attention to diversity of perspectives and equity-relevant characteristics informed by PROGRESS-Plus (e.g., geographic location, gender, race/ethnicity, occupation, and socioeconomic context). Participants were required to communicate in English. Main outcome measures: Consensus on the terminology, scope, characteristics, functions, processes, and reviewer characteristics that should inform a definition of manuscript peer review. Results: Across the three rounds (N=143, 109, and 16 participants, respectively), 44 peer review features across six domains ( Characteristics, Function, Motivation, Assessment, Process, and Challenges ) and six peer reviewer characteristics met the consensus threshold for inclusion. Consensus was also reached on terminology to describe manuscript peer review and the peer review workflow. Results were synthesized into a final conceptualization of manuscript peer review, consisting of one definition and eight pillars.The consensus definition is: “Manuscript peer review is a structured process by which human reviewers assess scholarly manuscripts, with the aim of improving the quality and trustworthiness of published research in line with norms of reciprocity to the research community.” The eight pillars characterize manuscript peer review and are as follows: Principled, Constructive, Timely, Transparent, Professional, Quality, Confidential, and Pluralistic. Conclusions: This three-round international Delphi established a consensus-based, normative conceptualization of manuscript peer review as a distinct, human-led process to improve the quality and trustworthiness of scholarly research. The resulting definition and eight pillars may provide a shared foundation for research, evaluation, education, and improvement across publishing contexts while allowing operational features to remain adaptable.