The wastewater problem is becoming an increasingly significant environmental issue affecting various aspects of human activities. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in water through certain physicochemical processes, which can oxidise or degrade various organic and chemical compounds, offers an effective purification method. The main advantage of these methods is the elimination of chemical reagents. The aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of regulating the ROS content in water by altering the characteristics of the plasma discharge that occurs under hydrodynamic cavitation in the water flow. The ROS concentration was determined using the permanganate oxidation titration technique. It was found that the content of various reactive oxygen species in water after treatment can be controlled by varying the power of the electrical pulses applied. Additionally, this study obtained the dependence of the ROS concentration in treated water samples on storage time, with results indicating that sonoplasma treatment has a prolonged effect on the antibacterial properties of water. The analysis of water samples using a biological test culture of Salmonella typhimurium revealed the bacteriostatic properties of the water for at least 48 h after sonoplasma discharge treatment.

The wastewater problem is becoming an increasingly significant environmental issue affecting various aspects of human activities. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in water through certain physicochemical processes, which can oxidize or degrade various organic and chemical compounds, offers an effective purification method. The main advantage of these methods is the elimination of chemical reagents. Aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of regulating the ROS content in water by altering the characteristics of the plasma discharge that occurs under hydrodynamic cavitation in the water flow. ROS concentration was determined using the permanganate oxidation titration technique. It was found that the content of various reactive oxygen species in water after treatment can be controlled by varying the power of the electrical pulses applied. Additionally, the study obtained the dependence of ROS concentration in treated water samples on storage time, indicating a prolonged effect of sonoplasma treatment on the antibacterial properties of water. Analysis of water samples using a biological test culture of Salmonella typhimurium revealed bacteriostatic properties of the water for at least 48 hours after sonoplasma discharge treatment.

В условиях переориентации российских высокотехнологичных компаний на рынки Глобального Юга обоснованный выбор африканских стран-партнёров для научно-технического сотрудничества (НТС) становится актуальной научно-практической задачей. В статье представлен авторский индекс партнёрства для стартапов (Startup Partnership Index, SPI), разработанный на основе методологии сбалансированной системы показателей (BSC) и включающий 16 показателей, характеризующих инновационный потенциал, инфраструктурную обеспеченность, макроэкономическую динамику, доступность финансирования, а также регуляторную среду и деловую активность. Расчёт индекса для 37 стран Африки позволил выявить значительную дифференциацию государств по степени привлекательности для стартап-сотрудничества. Кластеризация стран позволила выделить пять групп - от «абсолютных лидеров» до стран с низким потенциалом. Отмечено, что предложенный индекс может служить основой для выработки перспективных механизмов кооперации и практических рекомендаций по развитию международного научно-технического сотрудничества (МНТС) для органов государственной власти и институтов развития, а также для объективной оценки рисков технологическими стартапами и венчурными инвесторами при выборе партнера на Африканском континенте для проведения совместных научно-исследовательских и опытно-конструкторских работ (НИОКР), пилотирования инновационных продуктов, локализации производства или создания совместного предприятия.

Background. Nowadays, due to the widespread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, in addition to traditional methods of treating surface infections using mechanical cleaning, antiseptics and antibiotics, variants of dressings with antibacterial coating with inorganic and hybrid nanoparticles are being investigated and tested. The development of affordable dressings and long-lasting medical textiles can significantly enhance the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the burden on healthcare systems. Aims — evaluation of the antibacterial activity of textile samples treated with zinc oxide against the control strain Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and the polyresistant clinical strains Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods. Studies were performed at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Medical Research and Education Institute Lomonosov Moscow State University. The antibacterial properties of textile samples treated with zinc oxide produced by Infomedpharm Dialog Information and Exhibition Agency were tested according to GOST R ISO 20743:2012. To evaluate the antibacterial activity, a reference strain of St. aureus ATCC 25923 was used, along with clinical strains of K. pneumoniae that produce metallo-carbapenemase NDM and serine carbapenemase OXA-48, and P. aeruginosa that produce VIM carbapenemase. Results. The antibacterial activity of textile with antimicrobial coating based on zinc oxide against St. aureus ATCC 25923 was 7.29, against P. aeruginosa — 7.62, against K. pneumoniae — 9.15. The inhibitory ability of the studied textile with an antibacterial coating was 99% for all studied isolates. Conclusions. We have confirmed the high antibacterial activity of antibacterial-coated textile after incubation with both Gram-positive microorganisms and Gram-negative polyresistant isolates.