Background: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are two of the most frequently-observed neurodevelopmental disorders. Autistic traits are detected frequently in children who have ADHD. This study aimed to examine autism symptoms in children diagnosed with ADHD and their parents; and also, to investigate parental risk factors that increase autistic traits in children. Besides the risk factors related to pregnancy, birth and developmental history were examined. Methods: Two groups were created consisting of 66 children diagnosed with ADHD and 33 children not diagnosed with ADHD and their parents. Autism symptoms were screened with the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) in children, and Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) in parents. Also, Adult ADD/ADHD DSM-IV Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale and Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) were used to determine ADHD symptoms in parents. Results: It was determined that there were more autism symptoms in children who were diagnosed with ADHD than in the control group without ADHD. There were more autistic symptoms in boys and the presence of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Although there were more ADHD symptoms in the parents of children diagnosed with ADHD, it was determined that they did not differ from parents in the control group in terms of autism symptoms. It was also determined that maternal and paternal ADHD symptoms were predictive for autism symptoms in children. It was also shown that maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with more autistic traits. Conclusion: ASD and ADHD show high levels of comorbidity. The etiology remains unclear. Both ADHD and ASD show strong hereditary transition. We found that maternal and paternal ADHD symptoms predict autism symptoms in children with ADHD. However, more studies are needed to reveal the etiology.

Background. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition typified by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Comorbid psychiatric disorders are common among children and adolescents with ADHD. In this study, it was aimed to examine anxiety and somatic symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD and the effect of methylphenidate treatment on these symptoms. Method. Three groups were formed, consisting of 37 children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD and received methylphenidate treatment, 37 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive children and adolescents with ADHD diagnosis, and 37 children and adolescents without the diagnosis of ADHD. The symptoms of ADHD in children were examined by using the DSM-IV-based child and adolescent behavior disorders screening and rating scale, the symptoms of anxiety were examined by using the screen for child anxiety-related disorders (SCARED), and somatic symptoms were examined by using the DSM-5 level 2 somatic symptom scale. Results. In the newly diagnosed, treatment-naive with ADHD group, anxiety and somatic symptoms were found to be significantly higher compared to the ADHD group with methylphenidate treatment and the non-ADHD group. It was shown that the symptoms of panic disorder, generalized anxiety, and social phobia were observed more in the newly diagnosed, treatment-naive with ADHD group compared to the treatment group with ADHD. Conclusions. It was determined that children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD had more anxiety and somatic symptoms. Anxiety and somatic symptoms increased as the severity of ADHD symptoms increased. Anxiety and somatic symptoms were lower than in ADHD children receiving methylphenidate treatment. Clinicians should keep in mind to evaluate anxiety and somatic symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD before the treatment.

Background/Objectives: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with an increased risk of obesity and disordered eating behaviors. This study compared weight status and eating behaviors among drug-naïve ADHD children, those on stimulant monotherapy, those on combined stimulant and antipsychotic treatment, and healthy controls. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 547 children aged 6–12 years from four Turkish provinces: 361 with ADHD (152 drug-naïve, 156 on stimulants, and 53 on combined therapy), and 186 healthy controls. Anthropometric measurements, psychiatric assessments, and eating behavior evaluations were conducted using standardized tools. Results: Drug-naïve ADHD children had the highest obesity rate (13.8%), while those on stimulant monotherapy had the lowest (4.5%) compared to controls. Combined treatment group obesity rates were similar to controls (7.5% vs. 8.6%). The drug-naïve and combined treatment groups showed increased food approach behavior and desire to drink, with the combined treatment group also showing increased emotional overeating. Conclusions: This study reveals a complex relationship between ADHD, its pharmacological management, and the risk of obesity. Stimulant monotherapy may mitigate the risk of obesity, while combined stimulant and antipsychotic treatment may lead to problematic eating behaviors. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring weight status and eating behaviors in ADHD children, especially those receiving pharmacological interventions.

Psychogenic polydipsia (PP) is a clinical condition characterized by excessive fluid intake in the absence of physiological stimuli to drink. The etiology of compulsive water drinking is not known yet. It is common in people with chronic mental illness, especially in schizophrenia. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of recurrent obsessions and compulsions which may cause anxiety in the person. The age of onset is bimodal, before puberty and early adulthood. In this case report, we will discuss the PP situation after the start of sertraline treatment in a case of 12-year-old girl who started sertraline treatment with the diagnosis of OCD.

Amaç: Özgül öğrenme bozukluğu (ÖÖB) okul yıllarında başlayan, etkilenen okul becerilerinin bireyin kronolojik yaşına göre beklenenin altında olduğu, okuma, yazılı anlatım veya matematik bozukluğu ile giden bir bozukluktur. ÖÖB tanılı bireyler için klinik seyir karmaşık ve çok yönlüdür. Çalışmamızın amacı ÖÖB tanılı çocuklarda, tanıyı takip eden bir yıl içinde psikometrik özelliklerin seyrini, müdahale programlarına uyum, ek psikiyatrik tanı ve psikotrop ilaç kullanımı gibi özellikleri değerlendirmek ve prognoza etkisini incelemektir. Materyal ve metod: Çalışmamızın örneklemi, Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları polikliniğine 1 Ocak 2022-30 Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında başvuran ve DSM-5 temelli klinik değerlendirmede ÖÖB tanısı konulan 6-12 yaş aralığındaki çocuklardan oluşmaktadır. Tüm katılımcılara sosyodemografik veri formu, Hollingshead - Redlich Ölçeği, Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Yıkıcı Davranım Bozuklukları İçin DSM-IV’ e Dayalı Tarama ve Değerlendirme Ölçeği - Turgay, Klinik Global İzlenim Ölçeği, Okul Çağı Çocukları için Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi Şimdi ve Yaşam Boyu Şekli Türkçe Uyarlaması ve WISC-R testi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmada yaş ortalaması 9,7±1,413 olan, 25 erkek ve 13 kız olmak üzere ÖÖB tanılı toplam 38 çocuk mevcuttu. ÖÖB’ ye eşlik eden psikiyatrik hastalık oranı %92,1’di. Hastaların %73,7’sinde en az bir psikotrop ilaç kullanımı vardı. Başlangıç ve izlemdeki WISC-R puanları karşılaştırıldığında; izlemde sözcük dağarcığı ve sözel puan değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalma olduğu bulundu. Şiddetli düzey hasta grubunda izlemdeki WISC-R sözcük dağarcığı ve sözel puan değerleri orta düzeyde hasta grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşüktü. WISC-R sözcük dağarcığı ve sözel puanı değişimine etki eden bağımsız değişkenler regresyon analizi ile incelendiğinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı. Sonuç: Çalışmamız kombine görünümde ÖÖB tanılı çocuklarda bir yıllık takip sonrasında WISC-R testi sözel ve sözcük dağarcığı puanlarında azalma olduğunu göstermektedir. ÖÖB tanılı çocukların güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini gösteren bilişsel profillerinin zeka testleriyle belirlenerek takip edilmesi ve müdahale programlarının bireysel gereksinimlere uygun planlanması gerekmektedir.