Background/Objectives: The Internet of Things (IoT) technology connects objects to the internet, and its applications are increasingly used in healthcare to improve the quality of care. However, the use of IoT for the nutritional management of patients with chronic neurological cognitive impairment is still in development. This scoping review aims to describe the integration of IoT and its applications to support monitoring, interventions, and nutritional education for patients with chronic neurological cognitive impairment. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the Cochrane, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases following the Arksey and O’Malley framework. Results: Of the 1424 records identified, 10 were included in the review. Most of the articles were peer-reviewed proceedings from technology conferences or publications in scientific and technology journals. IoT-based innovations in nutritional management were discussed in methodological articles, case studies, or project descriptions. Innovations were identified across three key areas: monitoring, intervention, and education. Conclusions: IoT technology offers promising innovations for the nutritional management of patients with chronic neurological cognitive impairment. However, IoT capabilities in this field are still in the early stages of development and are not yet highly specific.

Background: Diabetes affects over 460 million people worldwide and represents a growing public health challenge driven largely by dietary and lifestyle factors. While Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is more prevalent, Type 1 diabetes (T1D) presents unique therapeutic challenges, particularly in younger individuals. Advances in diabetes management, such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), insulin pumps (IP), and, more recently, smart multiple dose injection (MDI) pens, have significantly enhanced glycemic control and improved patients’ quality of life. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the baseline characteristics of patients switching from MDI therapy to the Medtronic Smart MDI system [composed of a smart insulin pen (InPenTM) and a connected CGM Medtronic SimpleraTM sensor] and to assess its impact on glycemic outcomes over different time periods (14, 30, and 90 days). Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among adults with T1D who initiated Medtronic Smart MDI therapy. Participants were enrolled voluntarily at the Diabetes and Nutrition Clinic in Ast Fermo, Marche Region, Italy. Glycemic parameters were monitored using CGM data and analyzed with descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation (SD), and interquartile range (IQR). Comparisons across time periods were performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: This study included 21 participants with a mean age of 51.5 years, a mean BMI of 24.7, and a mean duration of T1D of 21.9 years. The transition from a traditional MDI system to the Smart MDI system resulted in significant improvements in key glycemic parameters: mean Sensor Glucose (SG) decreased from 171.0 mg/dL to 153.5 mg/dL (p = 0.035), Time In Range (TIR) increased from 58.0% to 64.4% (p = 0.005), and time above range (TAR; >180 mg/dL) decreased from 39.0% to 34.2% (p = 0.015). No significant differences were observed in the time below range (TBR). Conclusions: The transition to the Medtronic Smart MDI system significantly enhanced glycemic control by lowering mean glucose levels and increasing TIR. These findings highlight its efficacy in improving hyperglycemia management while maintaining a stable risk of hypoglycemia.

Background/Objectives: The Internet of Things (IoT) technology connects objects to the Internet, and its applications are increasingly used in healthcare to improve the quality of care. However, the use of IoT for the nutritional management of patients with cognitive impairment resulting from stroke or related factors is still in development. This scoping review aims to describe the integration of IoT and its applications to support monitoring, interventions, and nutritional ed-ucation for post-stroke patients or those with cognitive impairment. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the Cochrane, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, following the Arksey and O’Malley framework. Results: Of the 483 records identified, 10 were included in the review. Most of the articles were peer-reviewed proceedings from technology conferences or publications in scientific and technology journals. IoT-based in-novations in nutritional management were discussed in methodological articles, case studies, or project descriptions. Innovations were identified across three key areas: monitoring, intervention, and education. Conclusion: IoT technology offers promising innovations for the nutritional management of post-stroke patients or those with cognitive impairment. However, IoT capabili-ties in this field are still in the early stages of development and are not yet highly specific.

Introduction: Pressure ulcers (PUs) represent a significant challenge in chronic care, particularly among the elderly with reduced mobility. They result in substantial socio-healthcare costs and negatively impact patients’ psychological well-being. Malnutrition is a key risk factor, hindering healing and increasing the risk of complications. As such, appropriate nutritional interventions are crucial for managing PUs. However, these interventions are often underestimated in clinical practice, underscoring the need for a more comprehensive approach to elder care and healthy aging. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to identify the best scientific evidence on nutritional interventions implemented by nurses in community settings to prevent complications related to PUs. Additionally, qualitative and quantitative outcomes reported in the included studies were analyzed. Method: This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA international guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and CINAHL databases. A predefined search strategy using Boolean operators was employed, and two researchers independently selected papers, with a third researcher resolving any discrepancies. Additional sources and manual reviews were conducted to minimize selection bias. Results: Out of 1003 records, 6 studies were included. Findings indicate that nurses play a fundamental role in managing PUs in community settings through specific nutritional intervention assistance processes. These healthcare professionals are pivotal in the prevention, care, and rehabilitation of vulnerable individuals with PUs. Conclusions: Nurses are strategic in the management of PUs within community care for frail populations. With nutritional support that plays a key role in both preventing and accelerating the healing of PUs. Policymakers are encouraged to invest in nursing roles to enhance assistance in community contexts, supporting healthy aging and lifestyle medicine approaches.

Introduction: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) defines depression as a persistent period of sadness or a reduced interest in everyday activities lasting at least two weeks. Anhedonia, a key symptom of depression, is notable for its significance and is regarded as the second most important factor related to non-somatic issues, following closely behind a depressed mood. This study primarily investigates how excessive or problematic use of Internet-connected devices affects the mood and emotions of young people, with a specific emphasis on anhedonia. Additionally, it explores associated socio-behavioral changes and examines the interaction between IA and depression. Methods: This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA international guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library (Clinical Trials section), Scopus, Embase, PsycInfo, and grey literature sources like Google Scholar. A predefined search strategy using Boolean operators was employed, and two researchers independently selected papers, with a third researcher resolving any discrepancies. Manual reviews were conducted to minimize selection bias. Results: Out of 3812 records, 7 studies were included. The findings suggest that social anhedonia correlates with higher levels of IA, particularly among adolescents and young adults. In some studies, loneliness was identified as a mediator between social anhedonia and social functioning, indicating a complex interplay of emotional factors. Other investigations revealed that increased screen time is associated with a heightened risk of developing addiction-related behaviors. Practical Implications and Conclusions: This review highlights the key role of anhedonia in the development of Internet addiction (IA) among young people, particularly through its impact on emotional regulation and social interactions. Addressing psychological and environmental factors is essential for developing targeted strategies to prevent and manage IA and its related mental health challenges.

Background/Aims: Ultrasound is a key diagnostic tool in modern medicine due to its ability to provide real-time, high-resolution images of the internal structures of the human body. Despite its undeniable advantages, there are challenges related to the contamination of ultrasound probes, with the risk of healthcare-associated infections. The aim of this review was to identify the most effective disinfectants for disinfecting ultrasound probes to prevent the transmission of pathogens between patients. Methods: A narrative review was conducted using the PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, resulting in the inclusion of 16 studies from an initial 1202 records. Results: Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was the most effective disinfectant, especially in automated systems, achieving a >5-log₁₀ reduction in viral load, including that of resistant pathogens like Human Papillomavirus. Chlorhexidine gluconate (4%) demonstrated strong antibacterial efficacy, eliminating 84.62% of bacterial contamination, but was less effective against viral pathogens. Glutaraldehyde was effective in some cases, though its use carried a higher risk of probe damage. The use of sodium hypochlorite varied across guidelines; some endorsed it for COVID-19 prevention, while others cautioned against its application due to potential probe damage. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of advanced disinfection technologies and strict adherence to protocols in improving infection control. Automated systems utilizing H₂O₂ strike an ideal balance between antimicrobial efficacy and equipment preservation. Future research should focus on developing disinfection methods that prioritize safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability in various clinical environments.