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One of the problems in cities is improving energy efficiency. Energy consumption and the efficient use of district heating networks affect the environment, society, and economy. Modern materials to increase buildings' energy efficiency become necessary. The use of phase change materials (PCM) is a current issue and many researchers' interest. PCM reduces energy consumption in buildings due to their ability to absorb and release energy. PCM use seems to be highly justified as regards energy efficiency policy-making considering the city's investment scale. Therefore, research was undertaken on the possibility of reducing energy consumption in the city by using PCM in municipal heating networks, as those for which planning can be carried out systemically. The research's original element is integrating geographic systems with artificial intelligence and statistical methods to estimation the probability of improving buildings' energy efficiency in urban areas based on an identified set of criteria of an interdisciplinary type. The proposed innovative approach was used to analyze the medium-sized city located in Eastern Europe. The results showed that buildings could be classified according to the probability of energy improvement at the limit of 30%. Suggestions were made for adapting the proposed method to more general cases.
Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Jan K. Kazak; Agnieszka Leśniak; Filip Janowiec. Probability estimation of the city’s energy efficiency improvement as a result of using the phase change materials in heating networks. Energy 2021, 228, 120549 .
AMA StyleMarta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Małgorzata Sztubecka, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Jan K. Kazak, Agnieszka Leśniak, Filip Janowiec. Probability estimation of the city’s energy efficiency improvement as a result of using the phase change materials in heating networks. Energy. 2021; 228 ():120549.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Jan K. Kazak; Agnieszka Leśniak; Filip Janowiec. 2021. "Probability estimation of the city’s energy efficiency improvement as a result of using the phase change materials in heating networks." Energy 228, no. : 120549.
At present, cities characterised by high building intensity, which requires a sufficiently large amount of energy for proper functioning. This necessity means that energy planning should focus on the one hand on saving and reducing energy consumption, but also on introducing renewable energy sources (RES) in a way that ensures sustainable urban development. Social and economic issues that condition equality in access to energy and allow its rational use are a severe problem in cities. The article proposes a way of identifying the criteria that have the most significant impact on energy policy effects and the use of renewable energy in cities. The tests results affecting the energy potential of cities were analysed using various energy scenarios. The fuzzy logic and the Geographic Information System (GIS) were used to assess them. To show the differences between the scenarios, the Energy Potential Index (EPI) was developed to determine the feasibility of implementing individual energy scenarios in six urban districts. The results of this study present the importance of different criteria that influence the decisions made and the applied energy policy scenarios in the city areas. The approach that is important regardless of the goals is the intensity of development. The most desirable area for the implementation of the energy policy, taking into account renewable energy sources, is the city quarter with high-intensity multi-family housing. The study conclusions provide guidelines for decision-makers shaping the energy policy in the city in the form of the EPI indicator - a comparative assessment of the location and development of renewable energy systems to increase energy potential, equality in access to energy and mitigation of the effects of climate change.
M. Mrówczyńska; M. Skiba; M. Sztubecka; A. Bazan-Krzywoszańska; J.K. Kazak; P. Gajownik. Scenarios as a tool supporting decisions in urban energy policy: The analysis using fuzzy logic, multi-criteria analysis and GIS tools. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2020, 137, 110598 .
AMA StyleM. Mrówczyńska, M. Skiba, M. Sztubecka, A. Bazan-Krzywoszańska, J.K. Kazak, P. Gajownik. Scenarios as a tool supporting decisions in urban energy policy: The analysis using fuzzy logic, multi-criteria analysis and GIS tools. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2020; 137 ():110598.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Mrówczyńska; M. Skiba; M. Sztubecka; A. Bazan-Krzywoszańska; J.K. Kazak; P. Gajownik. 2020. "Scenarios as a tool supporting decisions in urban energy policy: The analysis using fuzzy logic, multi-criteria analysis and GIS tools." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 137, no. : 110598.
Political or economic attempts to mitigate climate change by increasing fossil fuel prices lead to and an increase in energy poverty, i.e., social effects. The ideal solution would be to combine modernisation activities in terms of energy use in cities with sustainable strategies and redevelopment policies. The article's purpose is to estimate the potential for reducing energy consumption depending on socioeconomic factors (household standard and its location in the city) based on built-in scenarios and searching for the optimal way of conducting development policy at the local level. This assumption enables the implementation of the European Union climate policy. To this aim, modelling based on real and estimated data on the diversity of energy consumption in the structure of a medium-sized city in Europe (Zielona Góra) carried out. While creating scenarios, there used a modelling method based on radial artificial neural networks, which map the input set into the output set by matching many individual approximating functions to setpoints. This approach works well for data whose geolocation is in the city quarters. As a result of the simulations, the minimum and maximum achievable energy saving potential for low-intensity buildings in the quarters was estimated, taking into account the possibilities of investing in renewable energy by individual households. The observations included in the article may be relevant to other regions that are interested in reducing the energy consumption of buildings and pollution emissions from the cities. This is particularly important for the regions of Europe that benefit from the financial support of the European Union (including local development programmes based on financing European priority axes for economic development).
Maria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Małgorzata Sztubecka. Household standards and socio-economic aspects as a factor determining energy consumption in the city. Applied Energy 2020, 264, 114680 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Marta Skiba, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Małgorzata Sztubecka. Household standards and socio-economic aspects as a factor determining energy consumption in the city. Applied Energy. 2020; 264 ():114680.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Małgorzata Sztubecka. 2020. "Household standards and socio-economic aspects as a factor determining energy consumption in the city." Applied Energy 264, no. : 114680.
The article’s research subject concerns soundscape acoustic perception and human perception. The article aims to support decision-making processes, based on the subjective assessment of green areas by visitors, allowing modeling of planning strategies in urban green areas. This would allow creating a friendly soundscape and managing it sustainably. The need to create a musical landscape can contribute to finding a new function and attractive form for the studied areas now and in the future. Research carried out for selected city parks in Bydgoszcz (Poland) took into consideration people’s responses in assessing the soundscape. Surveys conducted in selected parks provided information on noise sources and how consumers perceive noise during their stay in the park. A question about feeling described the reception of sound sources’ intensity by respondents (level of feeling: low, medium, high, and very high). The completed studies allow to “translate” subjective sound level responses to the numerical values of the correlation using fuzzy cognitive maps. The implemented scenarios show the possibility of using tools supporting the decision-making process in urban planning, taking into account existing acoustic conditions.
Małgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Michael Mathias. Noise as a Factor of Green Areas Soundscape Creation. Sustainability 2020, 12, 999 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka, Marta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Michael Mathias. Noise as a Factor of Green Areas Soundscape Creation. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):999.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Michael Mathias. 2020. "Noise as a Factor of Green Areas Soundscape Creation." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 999.
Improving in the energy efficiency of urban buildings, and maximizing the savings and the resulting benefits require information support from city decision-makers, planners, and designers. The selection of the appropriate analytical methods will allow them to make optimal design and location decisions. Therefore, the research problem of this article is the development of an innovative decision support system using multi-criteria analysis and Geographic Information Systems (decision support system + Geographic Information Systems = DGIS) for planning urban development. The proposed decision support system provides information to energy consumers about the location of energy efficiency improvement potential. This potential has been identified as the possibility of introducing low-energy buildings and the use of renewable energy sources. DGIS was tested in different construction areas (categories: A, B, C, D), Zielona Góra quarters. The results showed which area among the 53 quarters with a separate dominant building category was the most favorable for increasing energy efficiency, and where energy efficiency could be improved by investing in renewable energy sources, taking into account the decision-maker. The proposed DGIS system can be used by local decision-makers, allowing better action to adapt cities to climate change and to protect the environment. This approach is part of new data processing strategies to build the most favorable energy scenarios in urban areas.
Małgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. An Innovative Decision Support System to Improve the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in Urban Areas. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 259 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka, Marta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. An Innovative Decision Support System to Improve the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in Urban Areas. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (2):259.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. 2020. "An Innovative Decision Support System to Improve the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in Urban Areas." Remote Sensing 12, no. 2: 259.
This paper addresses the problem of noise in spa protection areas. Its aim is to determine the delimitation of the areas that exceed a permissible noise level around the sanatorium on the example of a health resort in Inowrocław. The determination of the exceedance of permissible noise levels allows us to develop directly effective local policy tools to be included in planning documents. In order to reduce noise infiltration, it is important to define environmental priorities. Taking into account their impact on the health of users in the protection area, environmental priorities enable us to introduce additional elements to street architecture. In order to properly manage space, in accordance with the idea of sustainable development, zones of environmental sensitivity—and their socio-environmental vulnerability—have been designated for assessing damage (exceeding permissible noise in health facilities) and defining methods of building resilience (proper management). This has provided the basis for a natural balance optimized for the people living in these areas. To achieve the goal above, non-linear support vector machine (SVM) networks were used. This technique allows us to classify the linearly inseparable data and to determine the optimal separation margin. The boundaries of the areas which exceeded permissible noise levels (separation margin) were estimated on the basis of noise pollution maps, created by means of the SVM technique. Thus, the study results in establishing buffer zones where it is possible to use varied land utilization in terms of form and function, as described in the planning documents. Such an activity would limit the spread of noise.
Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Przemysław Bejga. The Use of Artificial Intelligence as a Tool Supporting Sustainable Development Local Policy. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4199 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Małgorzata Sztubecka, Marta Skiba, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Przemysław Bejga. The Use of Artificial Intelligence as a Tool Supporting Sustainable Development Local Policy. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4199.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Przemysław Bejga. 2019. "The Use of Artificial Intelligence as a Tool Supporting Sustainable Development Local Policy." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4199.
Małgorzata SZTUBECKA; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. VARIOUS PRESENTATION OF NOISE PERCEPTION IN BYDGOSZCZ GREEN AREAS. Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 2019, 12, 113 -120.
AMA StyleMałgorzata SZTUBECKA, Marta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. VARIOUS PRESENTATION OF NOISE PERCEPTION IN BYDGOSZCZ GREEN AREAS. Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment. 2019; 12 (3):113-120.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata SZTUBECKA; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. 2019. "VARIOUS PRESENTATION OF NOISE PERCEPTION IN BYDGOSZCZ GREEN AREAS." Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 12, no. 3: 113-120.
The main problem in creating successful efficiency improvement policies is adjusting objectives to local development programs, dependent on public awareness. This article attempts to find a framework for the costs of changing energy policies using neural networks to identify the social-infrastructure conditions. An analysis model is presented of social-infrastructure conditions of energy costs reduction and buildings’ efficiency improvement. Data were obtained from standardized interviews with Zielona Góra, Poland inhabitants and the Town Energy Audit documentation. The data were analyzed using an artificial neural network. This allowed the creation of a model to estimate the cost inhabitants will incur if the energy is sourced from RES (Renewable Energy Systems). The city social-infrastructural correlation model enabled diagnosing its fragments that can support decision-making. The paper contributes to the current knowledge demonstrating the possibilities of hierarchical investments, different for various buildings and neighborhoods, that allow for rational public funding. Knowledge of the correlation conditions matters when implementing effective local policy. This work is based on pilot studies not financed by the parties concerned. Multiple themes were intentionally investigated: emission control, reducing energy consumption, renovating buildings, supplying with RES, and energy poverty, to show methods to match the goal (hard) to social conditions (soft), rarely presented in studies.
Maria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Dorota Bazuń; Mariusz Kwiatkowski. Social and Infrastructural Conditioning of Lowering Energy Costs and Improving the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in the Context of the Local Energy Policy. Energies 2018, 11, 2302 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Marta Skiba, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Dorota Bazuń, Mariusz Kwiatkowski. Social and Infrastructural Conditioning of Lowering Energy Costs and Improving the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in the Context of the Local Energy Policy. Energies. 2018; 11 (9):2302.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Dorota Bazuń; Mariusz Kwiatkowski. 2018. "Social and Infrastructural Conditioning of Lowering Energy Costs and Improving the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in the Context of the Local Energy Policy." Energies 11, no. 9: 2302.
The reason of shaping and building cities is primarily to improve the quality of life of inhabitants. Changes in space in cities concern not only their basic functioning principles but also the transformation of structures and systems (green areas, communications andother). Regardless, spatial policy is based on the continuous search for new services and economic activity to raise standards. The article describes a study which makes an attempt to identify the main desired features that can be taken into account while formulating concepts for planning and designing a prospective city. The study was intended to analyze terms promoted in literature or labels of a desired city, that shape the aspirations of future inhabitants. The city's image-building activities concern the future measured in economic, social and environmental effects. Modelling the future potential concepts of a city development as part of planning for its development, is one of the ways of thinking about the future. Using mathematical and spatial models for this purpose, we acquire knowledge on the possible variants of the city development, as well as measurable effects of this type of phenomena
Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Wojciech Eckert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka. Searching for new development in areas of the city. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 45, 00080 .
AMA StyleMarta Skiba, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Wojciech Eckert, Maria Mrówczyńska, Małgorzata Sztubecka. Searching for new development in areas of the city. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 45 ():00080.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Wojciech Eckert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka. 2018. "Searching for new development in areas of the city." E3S Web of Conferences 45, no. : 00080.
Urbanization causes many changes to the land management system. It is estimated that cities are responsible for 75% of the total energy consumption, and in 2045 they will be inhabited by about 70% of the world's population. These are the reasons why they should be reflected upon with regard to the problem of environmental protection, and further by means of energy production from renewable energy sources, an efficient public transport system, or securing green areas in a city space. In protecting the natural environment, urban development policy should, according to the guidelines of the European Union, be adapted to the requirements for the reduction of the need for heat, electricity and gaseous fuels. The EU directives indicate the need to increase the share of renewable energy in final consumption (in the first stage, up to 15%) and to reduce CO2 emissions by 20%. The aim of the article is an attempt to determine how to implement green energy into cities through planning documents. Material for analysis was obtained from standardized interviews carried out with the inhabitants of Zielona Góra and the documents which are the base to the implementation of the Urban Energy Audit (EAM). Policy concerning the introduction of green energy to cities should primarily be determining tasks to carry out at a national (centralized) and local (decentralized) level. Tools to implement this vision at a local level shall be, inter alia, municipal planning documents.
Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Dorota Bazuń; Mariusz Kwiatkowski. Green energy in municipal planning documents. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 45, 00006 .
AMA StyleAnna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Marta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Małgorzata Sztubecka, Dorota Bazuń, Mariusz Kwiatkowski. Green energy in municipal planning documents. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 45 ():00006.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Dorota Bazuń; Mariusz Kwiatkowski. 2018. "Green energy in municipal planning documents." E3S Web of Conferences 45, no. : 00006.
The article presents the present situation in terms of energy production from renewable energy sources and perspectives for development, based on research on the existing resources and possibilities of using them. The Lubusz Voivodship is not an important energy producer in Poland. In terms of the amount of energy produced it comes twelfth out of sixteen voivodships. The annual energy production from renewable energy sources is 290,9 GWh, which is 11.6% of the total energy produced. At the end of 2014 there were 73 licensed installations producing electrical energy from renewable energy sources in the Lubusz Voivodship with a total capacity of 189 MW. The largest amount of energy is produced by a pumped storage power plant (91,3 MW). The total capacity of the licensed installations using RES in the Lubusz Voivodship rose from 103 MW in 2007 to about 189 MW in 2014. Research on the existing resources indicates that it is possible to develop RES. Preparations are under way to build 66 new wind farms with a total capacity of 1834 MW [35], 89 photovoltaic power plants with a total capacity of 468 MW, 21 water power plants with a total capacity of about 60 MW, 54 biogas power plants with a total expected capacity of about 67 MW. The total capacity of the RES installations that are planned to be built by 2023 will be 2469 MW. Therefore, in the coming years the installed capacity of RES installations will increase 13 times in the Lubusz Voivodship. There are still no plans to use the energy of deep geothermal waters due to low profitability.
Andrzej Łączak; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Maria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba. Renewable Energy Sources in the Lubusz Voivodship (Poland). The Present Conditions and Perspectives for Development. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 2018, 28, 31 -67.
AMA StyleAndrzej Łączak, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Maria Mrówczyńska, Marta Skiba. Renewable Energy Sources in the Lubusz Voivodship (Poland). The Present Conditions and Perspectives for Development. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports. 2018; 28 (2):31-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Łączak; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Maria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba. 2018. "Renewable Energy Sources in the Lubusz Voivodship (Poland). The Present Conditions and Perspectives for Development." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 28, no. 2: 31-67.
Maria Mrówczynska; Andrzej Łączak; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba. Improving Energy Efficiency with the Risk of Investment of Reference to Urban Development of Zielona Góra. Tehnicki vjesnik - Technical Gazette 2018, 25, 916 -922.
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczynska, Andrzej Łączak, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Marta Skiba. Improving Energy Efficiency with the Risk of Investment of Reference to Urban Development of Zielona Góra. Tehnicki vjesnik - Technical Gazette. 2018; 25 (3):916-922.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczynska; Andrzej Łączak; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba. 2018. "Improving Energy Efficiency with the Risk of Investment of Reference to Urban Development of Zielona Góra." Tehnicki vjesnik - Technical Gazette 25, no. 3: 916-922.
Wojciech Eckert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba; Wydział Budownictwa Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. REALIZACJA NOWYCH WYMAGAŃ UE DOTYCZĄCYCH WZROSTU EFEKTYWNOŚCI ENERGETYCZNEJ DLA BUDYNKÓW UŻYTECZNOŚCI PUBLICZNEJ W POLSCE NA PRZYKŁADZIE ZIELONEJ GÓRY. Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo 2018, 173, 56 -68.
AMA StyleWojciech Eckert, Maria Mrówczyńska, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Marta Skiba, Wydział Budownictwa Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. REALIZACJA NOWYCH WYMAGAŃ UE DOTYCZĄCYCH WZROSTU EFEKTYWNOŚCI ENERGETYCZNEJ DLA BUDYNKÓW UŻYTECZNOŚCI PUBLICZNEJ W POLSCE NA PRZYKŁADZIE ZIELONEJ GÓRY. Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo. 2018; 173 (23):56-68.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWojciech Eckert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba; Wydział Budownictwa Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. 2018. "REALIZACJA NOWYCH WYMAGAŃ UE DOTYCZĄCYCH WZROSTU EFEKTYWNOŚCI ENERGETYCZNEJ DLA BUDYNKÓW UŻYTECZNOŚCI PUBLICZNEJ W POLSCE NA PRZYKŁADZIE ZIELONEJ GÓRY." Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo 173, no. 23: 56-68.
W artykule przedstawiono strukturalną analizę uwarunkowań pod względem liczby mieszkańców i ich dostępu do podstawowych usług. Analizą objęto część miasta (Dzielnica Nowe Miasto) włączonego z dniem 1 stycznia 2015 roku do obszaru administracyjnego gminy Zielona Góra i potencjalne możliwości rozwoju efektywności miejskiej. W artykule wzajemne powiązania w systemie miejskim, opisano jako przepływy związane z alokacją ludzi, przyjmując że struktura systemu zawiera w sobie rozłożenie przestrzenne elementów, sposób ich stałych powiazań i zmienne się w czasie interakcje między nimi.
Ewelina Andrzejewska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba; Ewelina Stępkowska. ANALIZA POWIĄZAŃ STRUKTURALNYCH DZIELNICY NOWE MIASTO W ZIELONEJ GÓRZE. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska 2018, 169, 39 -51.
AMA StyleEwelina Andrzejewska, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Marta Skiba, Ewelina Stępkowska. ANALIZA POWIĄZAŃ STRUKTURALNYCH DZIELNICY NOWE MIASTO W ZIELONEJ GÓRZE. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska. 2018; 169 (49):39-51.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwelina Andrzejewska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba; Ewelina Stępkowska. 2018. "ANALIZA POWIĄZAŃ STRUKTURALNYCH DZIELNICY NOWE MIASTO W ZIELONEJ GÓRZE." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska 169, no. 49: 39-51.
One of the five far-reaching goals of the European Union is climate change and sustainable energy use. The first step in the implementation of this task is to reduce energy demand in buildings to a minimum by 2021, and in the case of public buildings by 2019. This article analyses the possibility of improving energy efficiency in public buildings, the relationship between particular indicators of the demand for usable energy (UE), final energy (FE) and primary energy (PE) in buildings and the impact of these indicators on the assessment of energy efficiency in public buildings, based on 5 variants of extensive thermal renovation of a school building. The analysis of the abovementioned variants confirms that the thermal renovation of merely the outer envelope of the building is insufficient and requires the use of additional energy sources, for example RES. Moreover, each indicator of energy demand in the building plays a key role in assessing the energy efficiency of the building. For this reason it is important to analyze each of them individually, as well as the dependencies between them.
Marta Skiba; Natalia Rzeszowska. Analysis of the Dependence between Energy Demand Indicators in Buildings Based on Variants for Improving Energy Efficiency in a School Building. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 2017, 26, 31 -41.
AMA StyleMarta Skiba, Natalia Rzeszowska. Analysis of the Dependence between Energy Demand Indicators in Buildings Based on Variants for Improving Energy Efficiency in a School Building. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports. 2017; 26 (3):31-41.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Skiba; Natalia Rzeszowska. 2017. "Analysis of the Dependence between Energy Demand Indicators in Buildings Based on Variants for Improving Energy Efficiency in a School Building." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 26, no. 3: 31-41.
Noise can have many harmful effects on the recipients, however people exposed to noise on a long-term and regular basis can get used to it, even if the permissible levels are exceeded. In cities, green areas and park systems are provided to create a climate for rest and relaxation. Spa parks are a special kind of such park systems, which – in addition to the above-mentioned features – support therapies offered by spa facilities located there. On the one hand, patients and visitors appreciate various social and entertainment events held there, but – on the other – a multitude of sounds associated with them may reduce the comfort of their stay. The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between the results of noise measurements and the human perception of noise within the impact zone. The examined area is a spa park in the health resort district of Inowrocław, where seasonal measurements (taken in summer and winter) provided a basis for the determination of the connection between the measured values of equivalent sound level and the noise level perceived by surveyed people. A statistical analysis was performed to take into account the correlation between the obtained measurement results and the human perception of noise. It shows some differences in the perception of heard sounds. The results allow an evaluation of the soundscape of the analysed area.
Małgorzata Sztubecka; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba. Sound influence on spa park perception in feelings of visitors. Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka, Maria Mrówczyńska, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Marta Skiba. Sound influence on spa park perception in feelings of visitors. Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering". 2017; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Marta Skiba. 2017. "Sound influence on spa park perception in feelings of visitors." Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" , no. : 1.
In the world, in Europe, and also in Poland the use of energy is growing rapidly, causing concern about the difficulty of supply, a depletion of non-renewable energy resources and the increase in negative impacts on the environment (ozone depletion, global warming, climate change, etc. caused by increased emissions of CO2) (Balaras et al. 2005). Political or economic attempts to enforce climate change, through the increase in the price of fossil fuels, lead to exclusion and growth of energy poverty therefore they cause social effects (fossil fuels become so expensive that a large part of the population cannot afford their combustion). The ideal solution would be a combination of activities aimed at the energy modernization of cities with sustainable strategies of their rebuilding. The purpose of the article is a search for the optimal way of spatial policies at the local level that enable implementation of the objectives of the energy policy of the European Union. Factors affecting changes in the pollutant emissions associated with the combustion of fossil fuels, depending on the energy efficiency of selected buildings were modelled with a use of deduction based on radial neural networks. The observations presented in this article may be relevant for other regions that are interested in reducing polutant emission and energy consumption of buildings, housing estates and cities. Taking the geographical context into account, it is especially important for those regions which benefit from financial support of the European Union.
Anna Bazan-Krzywoszanska; Maria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba; Małgorzata Sztubecka. Sustainable Urban Development on the Example of the Housing Deveopment of Zielona Góra (Poland), as a Response to the Climate Policy of the European Union. Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleAnna Bazan-Krzywoszanska, Maria Mrówczyńska, Marta Skiba, Małgorzata Sztubecka. Sustainable Urban Development on the Example of the Housing Deveopment of Zielona Góra (Poland), as a Response to the Climate Policy of the European Union. Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering". 2017; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Bazan-Krzywoszanska; Maria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba; Małgorzata Sztubecka. 2017. "Sustainable Urban Development on the Example of the Housing Deveopment of Zielona Góra (Poland), as a Response to the Climate Policy of the European Union." Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" , no. : 1.
Climate change and sustainable energy use is one of the five long-term objectives of the European Union. The first stage of the activities involving the implementation of this task is to reduce energy consumption of buildings to a minimum by 2020 and, in the case of public buildings by 2019. The purpose of this article is a search for the optimal way of bringing the energy performance of an existing school to a level that enables implementation of the objectives of the European Union energy policy. An analysis of the current condition of the existing school building has been carried out and options of its deep thermal upgrading has been proposed to adjust each parameter the energy performance to current guidelines specified in the technical conditions. One of the possible ways to improve the energy efficiency of the school is the use of renewable energy sources as a means of improving energy characteristics in terms of primary energy PE, the other one - optimization of renovation spending.
Marta Skiba; Natalia Rzeszowska. OPTIONS TO IMPROVE THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE BUILDING OF A PRIMARY SCHOOL IN SŁUBICE. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska 2017, 166, 36 -47.
AMA StyleMarta Skiba, Natalia Rzeszowska. OPTIONS TO IMPROVE THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE BUILDING OF A PRIMARY SCHOOL IN SŁUBICE. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska. 2017; 166 (46):36-47.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Skiba; Natalia Rzeszowska. 2017. "OPTIONS TO IMPROVE THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE BUILDING OF A PRIMARY SCHOOL IN SŁUBICE." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska 166, no. 46: 36-47.
Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. Modeling the economic dependence between town development policy and increasing energy effectiveness with neural networks. Case study: The town of Zielona Góra. Applied Energy 2017, 188, 356 -366.
AMA StyleMarta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. Modeling the economic dependence between town development policy and increasing energy effectiveness with neural networks. Case study: The town of Zielona Góra. Applied Energy. 2017; 188 ():356-366.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. 2017. "Modeling the economic dependence between town development policy and increasing energy effectiveness with neural networks. Case study: The town of Zielona Góra." Applied Energy 188, no. : 356-366.
Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Maria Mrówczynska; Marta Skiba. A POLICY OF DEVELOPMENT OF POST-MINING LAND ON THE EXAMPLE OF ZIELONA GÓRA. Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleAnna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Maria Mrówczynska, Marta Skiba. A POLICY OF DEVELOPMENT OF POST-MINING LAND ON THE EXAMPLE OF ZIELONA GÓRA. Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture. 2017; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Maria Mrówczynska; Marta Skiba. 2017. "A POLICY OF DEVELOPMENT OF POST-MINING LAND ON THE EXAMPLE OF ZIELONA GÓRA." Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture , no. : 1.