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The article aims to present a hybrid approach combining information entropy and an evolutionary algorithm to optimize a geodetic network's measurement structure to determine an engineering object's horizontal displacements. The objective function was defined, which in the case under consideration was the information entropy of the geodetic observation system in terms of the parameter vector's entropy with the true values. The optimal number of observations in the geodetic network depended on the observation system's increase in information. During the research, it was noticed that the application of the hybrid approach allowed the selection of only those observations with the highest information content. It shortened the measurement time without reducing the accuracy of the displacements obtained. The obtained results of numerical analyses showed the proposed solution's effectiveness for optimizing the geodetic network structure.
Maria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki. The network structure evolutionary optimization to geodetic monitoring in the aspect of information entropy. Measurement 2021, 109369 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Jacek Sztubecki. The network structure evolutionary optimization to geodetic monitoring in the aspect of information entropy. Measurement. 2021; ():109369.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki. 2021. "The network structure evolutionary optimization to geodetic monitoring in the aspect of information entropy." Measurement , no. : 109369.
One of the problems in cities is improving energy efficiency. Energy consumption and the efficient use of district heating networks affect the environment, society, and economy. Modern materials to increase buildings' energy efficiency become necessary. The use of phase change materials (PCM) is a current issue and many researchers' interest. PCM reduces energy consumption in buildings due to their ability to absorb and release energy. PCM use seems to be highly justified as regards energy efficiency policy-making considering the city's investment scale. Therefore, research was undertaken on the possibility of reducing energy consumption in the city by using PCM in municipal heating networks, as those for which planning can be carried out systemically. The research's original element is integrating geographic systems with artificial intelligence and statistical methods to estimation the probability of improving buildings' energy efficiency in urban areas based on an identified set of criteria of an interdisciplinary type. The proposed innovative approach was used to analyze the medium-sized city located in Eastern Europe. The results showed that buildings could be classified according to the probability of energy improvement at the limit of 30%. Suggestions were made for adapting the proposed method to more general cases.
Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Jan K. Kazak; Agnieszka Leśniak; Filip Janowiec. Probability estimation of the city’s energy efficiency improvement as a result of using the phase change materials in heating networks. Energy 2021, 228, 120549 .
AMA StyleMarta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Małgorzata Sztubecka, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Jan K. Kazak, Agnieszka Leśniak, Filip Janowiec. Probability estimation of the city’s energy efficiency improvement as a result of using the phase change materials in heating networks. Energy. 2021; 228 ():120549.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Jan K. Kazak; Agnieszka Leśniak; Filip Janowiec. 2021. "Probability estimation of the city’s energy efficiency improvement as a result of using the phase change materials in heating networks." Energy 228, no. : 120549.
At present, cities characterised by high building intensity, which requires a sufficiently large amount of energy for proper functioning. This necessity means that energy planning should focus on the one hand on saving and reducing energy consumption, but also on introducing renewable energy sources (RES) in a way that ensures sustainable urban development. Social and economic issues that condition equality in access to energy and allow its rational use are a severe problem in cities. The article proposes a way of identifying the criteria that have the most significant impact on energy policy effects and the use of renewable energy in cities. The tests results affecting the energy potential of cities were analysed using various energy scenarios. The fuzzy logic and the Geographic Information System (GIS) were used to assess them. To show the differences between the scenarios, the Energy Potential Index (EPI) was developed to determine the feasibility of implementing individual energy scenarios in six urban districts. The results of this study present the importance of different criteria that influence the decisions made and the applied energy policy scenarios in the city areas. The approach that is important regardless of the goals is the intensity of development. The most desirable area for the implementation of the energy policy, taking into account renewable energy sources, is the city quarter with high-intensity multi-family housing. The study conclusions provide guidelines for decision-makers shaping the energy policy in the city in the form of the EPI indicator - a comparative assessment of the location and development of renewable energy systems to increase energy potential, equality in access to energy and mitigation of the effects of climate change.
M. Mrówczyńska; M. Skiba; M. Sztubecka; A. Bazan-Krzywoszańska; J.K. Kazak; P. Gajownik. Scenarios as a tool supporting decisions in urban energy policy: The analysis using fuzzy logic, multi-criteria analysis and GIS tools. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2020, 137, 110598 .
AMA StyleM. Mrówczyńska, M. Skiba, M. Sztubecka, A. Bazan-Krzywoszańska, J.K. Kazak, P. Gajownik. Scenarios as a tool supporting decisions in urban energy policy: The analysis using fuzzy logic, multi-criteria analysis and GIS tools. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2020; 137 ():110598.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Mrówczyńska; M. Skiba; M. Sztubecka; A. Bazan-Krzywoszańska; J.K. Kazak; P. Gajownik. 2020. "Scenarios as a tool supporting decisions in urban energy policy: The analysis using fuzzy logic, multi-criteria analysis and GIS tools." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 137, no. : 110598.
As technical and technological progress takes place, there is dissonance between teaching good engineering and technological techniques and respect for the landscape. Engineering students are educated to act as initiators and performers of activities that change space. The purpose of this study is to answer question regarding how the engineering students recognize problems related to shaping the landscape. In the years 2012–2015, surveys were conducted in a group of 274 students of the University in their final year of environmental engineering and civil engineering studies, in order to find the main characteristics related to the problem. Students tended to assess the landscape in a manner determined by their education in natural science—emphasizing the division between the well-shaped natural landscape and the malformed anthropogenic one. There were differences between the groups of students—civil engineering students noticed the qualities of architectural objects and shaped greenery in their perception of the landscape in urban areas more often than the environmental engineering students did. There were no differences in the perception of the landscape in rural areas. The harmonious landscape was described as rural, modern, undeveloped and common. The landscape regarded as degraded was built-up and common. There were no changes in the perception of the landscape resulting from the educational profile among the environmental engineering students. The time has come to change methods of teaching the students of engineering and technical sciences about the landscape. This should result in an improvement in their perception of landscape phenomena.
Andrzej Greinert; Maria Mrówczyńska. The Impact of the Process of Academic Education on Differences in Landscape Perception between the Students of Environmental Engineering and Civil Engineering. Land 2020, 9, 188 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Greinert, Maria Mrówczyńska. The Impact of the Process of Academic Education on Differences in Landscape Perception between the Students of Environmental Engineering and Civil Engineering. Land. 2020; 9 (6):188.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Greinert; Maria Mrówczyńska. 2020. "The Impact of the Process of Academic Education on Differences in Landscape Perception between the Students of Environmental Engineering and Civil Engineering." Land 9, no. 6: 188.
The article proposes the use of PCA transformation carried out with the use of a neural network as a method for compress data obtained from geodetic measurements. In this study, the goal was to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach, which enables possible to reduce the input data space by determining independent principal components. The applicability of these methods has been exemplified by the results of vertical displacement measurements of a building. The results of calculations carried out using artificial intelligence assisted and PCA indicates that the approach can be effectively used to compress of geodetic measurement results and then to reproduce them without loss of accuracy of displacement identification. The degree of accuracy of displacement vector reconstruction did not exceed twice the average measurement error, for the most unfavourable situation, amounted to ±0.21 mm. This reduction leads to data compression and makes it possible for the example presented in the article almost to reduce the amount of information stored three times.
Maria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki; Andrzej Greinert. Compression of results of geodetic displacement measurements using the PCA method and neural networks. Measurement 2020, 158, 107693 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Jacek Sztubecki, Andrzej Greinert. Compression of results of geodetic displacement measurements using the PCA method and neural networks. Measurement. 2020; 158 ():107693.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki; Andrzej Greinert. 2020. "Compression of results of geodetic displacement measurements using the PCA method and neural networks." Measurement 158, no. : 107693.
Political or economic attempts to mitigate climate change by increasing fossil fuel prices lead to and an increase in energy poverty, i.e., social effects. The ideal solution would be to combine modernisation activities in terms of energy use in cities with sustainable strategies and redevelopment policies. The article's purpose is to estimate the potential for reducing energy consumption depending on socioeconomic factors (household standard and its location in the city) based on built-in scenarios and searching for the optimal way of conducting development policy at the local level. This assumption enables the implementation of the European Union climate policy. To this aim, modelling based on real and estimated data on the diversity of energy consumption in the structure of a medium-sized city in Europe (Zielona Góra) carried out. While creating scenarios, there used a modelling method based on radial artificial neural networks, which map the input set into the output set by matching many individual approximating functions to setpoints. This approach works well for data whose geolocation is in the city quarters. As a result of the simulations, the minimum and maximum achievable energy saving potential for low-intensity buildings in the quarters was estimated, taking into account the possibilities of investing in renewable energy by individual households. The observations included in the article may be relevant to other regions that are interested in reducing the energy consumption of buildings and pollution emissions from the cities. This is particularly important for the regions of Europe that benefit from the financial support of the European Union (including local development programmes based on financing European priority axes for economic development).
Maria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Małgorzata Sztubecka. Household standards and socio-economic aspects as a factor determining energy consumption in the city. Applied Energy 2020, 264, 114680 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Marta Skiba, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Małgorzata Sztubecka. Household standards and socio-economic aspects as a factor determining energy consumption in the city. Applied Energy. 2020; 264 ():114680.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Małgorzata Sztubecka. 2020. "Household standards and socio-economic aspects as a factor determining energy consumption in the city." Applied Energy 264, no. : 114680.
The article’s research subject concerns soundscape acoustic perception and human perception. The article aims to support decision-making processes, based on the subjective assessment of green areas by visitors, allowing modeling of planning strategies in urban green areas. This would allow creating a friendly soundscape and managing it sustainably. The need to create a musical landscape can contribute to finding a new function and attractive form for the studied areas now and in the future. Research carried out for selected city parks in Bydgoszcz (Poland) took into consideration people’s responses in assessing the soundscape. Surveys conducted in selected parks provided information on noise sources and how consumers perceive noise during their stay in the park. A question about feeling described the reception of sound sources’ intensity by respondents (level of feeling: low, medium, high, and very high). The completed studies allow to “translate” subjective sound level responses to the numerical values of the correlation using fuzzy cognitive maps. The implemented scenarios show the possibility of using tools supporting the decision-making process in urban planning, taking into account existing acoustic conditions.
Małgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Michael Mathias. Noise as a Factor of Green Areas Soundscape Creation. Sustainability 2020, 12, 999 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka, Marta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Michael Mathias. Noise as a Factor of Green Areas Soundscape Creation. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):999.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Michael Mathias. 2020. "Noise as a Factor of Green Areas Soundscape Creation." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 999.
Biomass combustion is technologically difficult. It is also problematic because of the necessity to manage the ash that is generated in the process. The combustion of biomass pellets is optimum when their moisture is 6–8%. The calorific value of pellets made from straw and willow wood (4:1) was 17.3–20.1 MJ∙kg−1. There were serious problems with burning this material caused by the accumulation and melting of bottom ash on the grate, which damaged the furnace. These problems with optimizing the biomass combustion process resulted in increased CO emissions into the atmosphere. It was shown that pelletization could also be used to consolidate the ash generated during the combustion process, which would eliminate secondary dust during transport to the utilization site. For this purpose, it was suggested to add binding substances such as bentonite and bran. The analysis showed that an optimum material for pelletization should contain, on average, 880 g of ash, 120 g of bentonite, 108 g of bran, and 130 g of water.
Andrzej Greinert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Radosław Grech; Wojciech Szefner. The Use of Plant Biomass Pellets for Energy Production by Combustion in Dedicated Furnaces. Energies 2020, 13, 463 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Greinert, Maria Mrówczyńska, Radosław Grech, Wojciech Szefner. The Use of Plant Biomass Pellets for Energy Production by Combustion in Dedicated Furnaces. Energies. 2020; 13 (2):463.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Greinert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Radosław Grech; Wojciech Szefner. 2020. "The Use of Plant Biomass Pellets for Energy Production by Combustion in Dedicated Furnaces." Energies 13, no. 2: 463.
Improving in the energy efficiency of urban buildings, and maximizing the savings and the resulting benefits require information support from city decision-makers, planners, and designers. The selection of the appropriate analytical methods will allow them to make optimal design and location decisions. Therefore, the research problem of this article is the development of an innovative decision support system using multi-criteria analysis and Geographic Information Systems (decision support system + Geographic Information Systems = DGIS) for planning urban development. The proposed decision support system provides information to energy consumers about the location of energy efficiency improvement potential. This potential has been identified as the possibility of introducing low-energy buildings and the use of renewable energy sources. DGIS was tested in different construction areas (categories: A, B, C, D), Zielona Góra quarters. The results showed which area among the 53 quarters with a separate dominant building category was the most favorable for increasing energy efficiency, and where energy efficiency could be improved by investing in renewable energy sources, taking into account the decision-maker. The proposed DGIS system can be used by local decision-makers, allowing better action to adapt cities to climate change and to protect the environment. This approach is part of new data processing strategies to build the most favorable energy scenarios in urban areas.
Małgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. An Innovative Decision Support System to Improve the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in Urban Areas. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 259 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka, Marta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. An Innovative Decision Support System to Improve the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in Urban Areas. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (2):259.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. 2020. "An Innovative Decision Support System to Improve the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in Urban Areas." Remote Sensing 12, no. 2: 259.
The paper presents issues related to the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to monitor natural forest resources and to estimate the post-fire surfaces located in forests, as an example of hard-to-reach areas for classic surveying surveys. The use of drones as a tool for geodetic measurements is becoming more and more popular, however, processing data acquired in this way requires proper analysis. The article proposes a procedure for processing images provided by drones to estimate the effects of natural disasters and exemplifies it with experimental data obtained in a forest area located in western Poland (Europe). The presented methodology concerned the automatic identification of post-fire areas in natural forest resources and verification of the results by comparison with the results of classical geodetic tachymetric measurements. The results prove the usefulness of images acquired by UAVs for identifying and determining the size of areas struck by natural disasters. At the same time, data from UAVs can be a reference base for geodetic measurements and a database for institutions managing endangered areas.
M. Mrówczyńska; B. Grzelak; J. Sztubecki. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles as a Supporting Tool of Classic Land Surveying in Hard-to-Reach Areas. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 2020, 717 -729.
AMA StyleM. Mrówczyńska, B. Grzelak, J. Sztubecki. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles as a Supporting Tool of Classic Land Surveying in Hard-to-Reach Areas. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2020; ():717-729.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Mrówczyńska; B. Grzelak; J. Sztubecki. 2020. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicles as a Supporting Tool of Classic Land Surveying in Hard-to-Reach Areas." Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing , no. : 717-729.
This paper addresses the problem of noise in spa protection areas. Its aim is to determine the delimitation of the areas that exceed a permissible noise level around the sanatorium on the example of a health resort in Inowrocław. The determination of the exceedance of permissible noise levels allows us to develop directly effective local policy tools to be included in planning documents. In order to reduce noise infiltration, it is important to define environmental priorities. Taking into account their impact on the health of users in the protection area, environmental priorities enable us to introduce additional elements to street architecture. In order to properly manage space, in accordance with the idea of sustainable development, zones of environmental sensitivity—and their socio-environmental vulnerability—have been designated for assessing damage (exceeding permissible noise in health facilities) and defining methods of building resilience (proper management). This has provided the basis for a natural balance optimized for the people living in these areas. To achieve the goal above, non-linear support vector machine (SVM) networks were used. This technique allows us to classify the linearly inseparable data and to determine the optimal separation margin. The boundaries of the areas which exceeded permissible noise levels (separation margin) were estimated on the basis of noise pollution maps, created by means of the SVM technique. Thus, the study results in establishing buffer zones where it is possible to use varied land utilization in terms of form and function, as described in the planning documents. Such an activity would limit the spread of noise.
Maria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Przemysław Bejga. The Use of Artificial Intelligence as a Tool Supporting Sustainable Development Local Policy. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4199 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Małgorzata Sztubecka, Marta Skiba, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Przemysław Bejga. The Use of Artificial Intelligence as a Tool Supporting Sustainable Development Local Policy. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4199.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Małgorzata Sztubecka; Marta Skiba; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Przemysław Bejga. 2019. "The Use of Artificial Intelligence as a Tool Supporting Sustainable Development Local Policy." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4199.
As a step towards the diversification of electricity and heat sources, the EU countries suggest the use of biomass. The combustion of biomass poses the problem of the use of ash produced in the process. There are fluctuations in the properties of energetic biomass, which results in high variability of ash obtained by combustion, especially in terms of specific conductivity (EC) (8.1–9.7 mS·cm−1), the total content of components and their bioavailability. The combustion of biomass leads to large fluctuations in the total content of carbon in the ash (13.6%–28.6%). In this way, waste material with very different biological properties and cation exchange capacity is obtained. Ash from the combustion of biomass is an alkalizing material, rich in Ca, K and Mg carbonates (4.5%). The high average bioavailability of Pb (87.4%), Cd (63.1%) and Zn (46.9%) present in the ash is an environmental problem. The mobility of these heavy metals was reduced by half by the addition of bentonite during the process of ash granulation. With high doses of ash (4.4% of the mass of substrate), there is a significant bioaccumulation of Cd in the roots of Begonia semperflorens and Thuja occidentalis (1.0–3.8 mg·kg−1). Another disturbing issue is that during the cultivation of these plants, Cr is bioaccumulated in the roots (0.5–3.8 mg·kg−1).
Andrzej Greinert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Wojciech Szefner. Study on the Possibilities of Natural Use of Ash Granulate Obtained from the Combustion of Pellets from Plant Biomass. Energies 2019, 12, 2569 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Greinert, Maria Mrówczyńska, Wojciech Szefner. Study on the Possibilities of Natural Use of Ash Granulate Obtained from the Combustion of Pellets from Plant Biomass. Energies. 2019; 12 (13):2569.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Greinert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Wojciech Szefner. 2019. "Study on the Possibilities of Natural Use of Ash Granulate Obtained from the Combustion of Pellets from Plant Biomass." Energies 12, no. 13: 2569.
Biomass can be used for the production of energy from renewable sources. Because of social resistance to burning crop plants, mixtures and pellets made from or including waste materials are a good alternative. The mixtures analyzed, prepared from wood and municipal waste, were characterized for their calorific values, 7.4–18.2 MJ·kg−1. A result, over 15 MJ·kg−1 was obtained for 47% of the quantities of mixtures being composed. It has been demonstrated that wood shavings and sewage sludge have a stabilizing effect on the durability of pellets. The emissions of acidic anhydrides into the atmosphere from the combustion of pellets from waste biomass were lower for NO, NO2, NOx and H2S than emissions from the combustion of willow pellets. Obtained emission results suggest the need to further optimize the combustion process parameters.
Andrzej Greinert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Wojciech Szefner. The Use of Waste Biomass from the Wood Industry and Municipal Sources for Energy Production. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3083 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Greinert, Maria Mrówczyńska, Wojciech Szefner. The Use of Waste Biomass from the Wood Industry and Municipal Sources for Energy Production. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (11):3083.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Greinert; Maria Mrówczyńska; Wojciech Szefner. 2019. "The Use of Waste Biomass from the Wood Industry and Municipal Sources for Energy Production." Sustainability 11, no. 11: 3083.
Surveying measurements carried out to determine displacements and deformations of existing civil structures and their surroundings provide information making it possible to represent their geometry in space and any changes it undergoes over time. Data acquired through geodetic monitoring can be modelled using artificial neural networks, capable of learning (adaptability) and quick operation and providing the possibility of visualisation by means of computer simulation. Neural networks, however, require specification of an optimal architecture by the user, as a result of which any resulting solutions are flawed by a difficult to identify error of method. Therefore, this article proposes an alternative approach in the form of the Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) based on evolutionary algorithms. The article presents the fundamental assumptions for the GMDH and the principles of development and training of static neural networks with multiple inputs and one output. The GMDH network was used to develop a geometric model of vertical displacements determined on the basis of periodic measurements taken on civil structures.
Maria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki. Group Method of Data Handling as a Tool to Determine Vertical Displacements. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 471, 052077 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Jacek Sztubecki. Group Method of Data Handling as a Tool to Determine Vertical Displacements. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 471 (5):052077.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki. 2019. "Group Method of Data Handling as a Tool to Determine Vertical Displacements." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471, no. 5: 052077.
The paper presents an attempt to determine an optimum structure of a geodesic measurement and control network used for geodesic monitoring to determine horizontal displacements of buildings. In geodesy, horizontal networks can be used to determine terrain deformations as well as displacements of engineering structures (dams, water reservoirs, open-cast mines). The network subjected to analysis is a directional network. In order to find a correct solution, its structure should include so-called supernumerary observations. An adequate number of observations should be carried out in the network to obtain a solution with reliable values of horizontal displacements. Moreover, the way in which the observations are carried out and their number should make it possible to show changes taking place in the object and meet the economic criteria of geodesic measurements. In order to optimize the structure of a geodesic measurement and control network, information entropy and evolutionary algorithms are used in the paper. Information entropy is a logarithmic measure of probability, and an optimum number of observations carried out in the network depends on the increment of the content of information in the observation system. Evolutionary algorithms were developed in the 1980s, and they are currently very popular and widely used. Their main principle is based on the evolution or behaviour of the best adapted individuals in subsequent computational cycles.
Maria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki. The use of evolutionary algorithms for designing an optimum structure of a geodesic measurement and control network. MATEC Web of Conferences 2019, 262, 07008 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Jacek Sztubecki. The use of evolutionary algorithms for designing an optimum structure of a geodesic measurement and control network. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2019; 262 ():07008.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki. 2019. "The use of evolutionary algorithms for designing an optimum structure of a geodesic measurement and control network." MATEC Web of Conferences 262, no. : 07008.
Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Maria Mrówczyńska; Sławomir Tront. GIS Technology, 3D Models and Mathematical Models as a Tool for Assessing Development Capabilities of Flood Risk Land to Make Arrangements of Municipal Planning Documents. Journal of Ecological Engineering 2019, 20, 25 -33.
AMA StyleAnna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Maria Mrówczyńska, Sławomir Tront. GIS Technology, 3D Models and Mathematical Models as a Tool for Assessing Development Capabilities of Flood Risk Land to Make Arrangements of Municipal Planning Documents. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2019; 20 (1):25-33.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Bazan-Krzywoszańska; Maria Mrówczyńska; Sławomir Tront. 2019. "GIS Technology, 3D Models and Mathematical Models as a Tool for Assessing Development Capabilities of Flood Risk Land to Make Arrangements of Municipal Planning Documents." Journal of Ecological Engineering 20, no. 1: 25-33.
Małgorzata SZTUBECKA; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. VARIOUS PRESENTATION OF NOISE PERCEPTION IN BYDGOSZCZ GREEN AREAS. Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 2019, 12, 113 -120.
AMA StyleMałgorzata SZTUBECKA, Marta Skiba, Maria Mrówczyńska, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. VARIOUS PRESENTATION OF NOISE PERCEPTION IN BYDGOSZCZ GREEN AREAS. Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment. 2019; 12 (3):113-120.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata SZTUBECKA; Marta Skiba; Maria Mrówczyńska; Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska. 2019. "VARIOUS PRESENTATION OF NOISE PERCEPTION IN BYDGOSZCZ GREEN AREAS." Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 12, no. 3: 113-120.
Determination of vertical displacements of engineering objects is closely related to geodesic monitoring. Its purpose is to record the dynamics of changes in the deformation phenomenon. Geodesic monitoring requires the use of appropriate measurement equipment and appropriate methods for processing observation results, which make it possible to determine the correlation between the causes and effects of deformations in engineering objects. Progress in information technology resulted in the appearance of new methods for processing and compressing experimental data which are resistant to noise or interference and enable reduction of the amount of information.The paper presents a method for statistical analysis of multidimensional data based on PCA (principal component analysis) transformation, implemented with the use of a neural network. PCA transformation, related to the Karhunen–Loeve transformation, is used for processing signals regarded as stochastic processes. This method makes enables reduction of the input data space on the basis of independent principal components with due attention to their significance. It also makes it possible to model changes occurring in both buildings and terrain in glacitectonically disturbed areas.
Maria Mrówczyńska. Analysis of principal components used for modelling changes in glacitectonically disturbed areas. Journal of Water and Land Development 2018, 39, 119 -123.
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska. Analysis of principal components used for modelling changes in glacitectonically disturbed areas. Journal of Water and Land Development. 2018; 39 (1):119-123.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska. 2018. "Analysis of principal components used for modelling changes in glacitectonically disturbed areas." Journal of Water and Land Development 39, no. 1: 119-123.
With modern measurement technologies, it is possible to achieve higher precision and solve complex measurement tasks. The tested device (TDRA 6000 laser station) features a direct drive technology ensuring a 3D point accuracy of 0.25 mm. TDRA 6000 combined with proper software is a perfect tool to monitor engineering objects. The article presents the measurement technique and the method of calculation of 3D displacements of control and measurement networks using the TDRA 6000 laser station from Leica. The values presented herein derive from periodic measurements carried out in control points stabilised at a ground the above-ground crossing between buildings located on the premises of the University of Science and Technology campus in Bydgoszcz.
Jacek Sztubecki; Maria Mrówczyńska; Adam Bujarkiewicz. Proposition of determination of displacements using the TDRA 6000 laser station. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 55, 00011 .
AMA StyleJacek Sztubecki, Maria Mrówczyńska, Adam Bujarkiewicz. Proposition of determination of displacements using the TDRA 6000 laser station. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 55 ():00011.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJacek Sztubecki; Maria Mrówczyńska; Adam Bujarkiewicz. 2018. "Proposition of determination of displacements using the TDRA 6000 laser station." E3S Web of Conferences 55, no. : 00011.
Artificial neural networks are an interesting method for modelling phenomena, including spatial phenomena, which are difficult to describe with known mathematical models. The properties of neural networks enable their practical application for solving such problems as: approximation, interpolation, identification and classification of patterns, compression, prediction, etc. The article presents the use of multilayer feedforward artificial neural networks for describing the process of changes in land surface deformation in the area of the Legnica-Głogów Copper Mining Centre, located in the southern part of the Fore Sudetic Monocline. Results provided by geodesic monitoring, which consists of land surveying and interpreting data obtained in this way, are undoubtedly significant in terms of identifying the impact of mining on the land surface the results of measurements carried out by precise levelling in the years 19672014 were used to determine changes in land deformation in the Legnica-Głogów Copper Mining Centre. The concept of a flexible reference system was used to assess the stability of points in the measurement and control network stabilized in order to determine vertical displacements. However, the reference system itself was identified on the basis of the critical value of the increment of the square of the norm of corrections to the observations.
Maria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki. Approximation of the process of changes in deformation of land surface using artificial neural networks. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 55, 00009 .
AMA StyleMaria Mrówczyńska, Jacek Sztubecki. Approximation of the process of changes in deformation of land surface using artificial neural networks. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 55 ():00009.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Mrówczyńska; Jacek Sztubecki. 2018. "Approximation of the process of changes in deformation of land surface using artificial neural networks." E3S Web of Conferences 55, no. : 00009.