There is consensus, both in academia and in the business world, that one of the main resources of a company is the incorporation of technology and, along with this, its capacity to generate innovation. Therefore, knowing the development of a company’s research becomes essential. The aim of this work is to develop a bibliometric analysis of the literature published in the Web of Science database to analyze the advances and trends in the development of research. The methodology analyzed bibliometric quantity and quality indicators using Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and SciMAT software. The results show the evolution of the topic as well as recognition of the different lines along which research has organized the debate.

Purpose: This study developed a theoretical model to test the relationship between digital capability and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and its effect on innovation performance in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach: The proposed theoretical model was evaluated using partial least-squares structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. The data were obtained from a sample of 536 SMEs in Chile. Findings: The proposed model presented two dimensions of digital capability: management and information and communication technologies (ICTs). Management models composed of enterprise resource planning and customer relationship management systems are essential for optimizing organizational management. Meanwhile, ICTs facilitate the smooth flow of information within an organization, leading to improved efficiency in production processes. I4.0 is encouraged by exposing SMEs to base technologies such as data analytics. These results confirm that I4.0 influences innovation performance. Practical implications: SME managers should encourage the development of digital capabilities to transition toward I4.0, as this can make SMEs more competitive and innovative in changing and dynamic scenarios. Social implications: I4.0 adoption and the development of digital capabilities can directly affect employment and national economic growth. Originality/value: Most studies focus on the organizational factors affecting SMEs’ I4.0 adoption. They do not, however, address the role played by current digital capability in I4.0 technology adoption and its effect on firms’ innovation performance.

Industry 4.0 represents a crucial technological revolution for the modernization and competitiveness of companies, offering tools that enhance the efficiency, productivity, and sustainability of industrial processes. Adopting these technologies is essential, especially in crucial sectors such as mining, where their implementation can radically transform operations. This study investigates the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies among mining and non-mining companies in Chile, using data from the Survey of Access and Use of Information and Communication Technology in Companies. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified the main variables influencing technological adoption. The results indicate that mining companies are significantly more advanced in integrating technologies such as ERP, SCM, and Big Data, which optimize their operational processes and strengthen their competitiveness. In contrast, non-mining companies show a more dispersed adoption, which could limit their capacity for innovation. These findings underscore the importance of developing differentiated public policies that promote technological adoption in SMEs and less advanced sectors, also encouraging the development of internal capacities and collaboration between businesses and government to accelerate digital transformation.

Los emprendedores están familiarizados con la incertidumbre y el riesgo, es decir, su naturaleza apunta a tolerar situaciones en las que no es posible anticipar o predecir con precisión el futuro. Sin embargo, el proceso constitucional que vivió Chile durante los años 2020 a 2022, los ha expuesto a un tipo diferente de incertidumbre que afecta de forma distinta dependiendo del género. Esta investigación exploratoria tiene como objetivo analizar cómo este proceso ha generado dicha incertidumbre y afectado las percepciones de los emprendedores, especialmente en relación con los cambios propuestos en la nueva Constitución. La muestra del estudio incluye a emprendedores y ejecutivos de PYMES, con una atención especial en las diferencias de género y la percepción de la incertidumbre institucional. Los principales resultados revelan que el proceso constitucional ha generado preocupación e incertidumbre entre los emprendedores, especialmente debido a los cambios propuestos en materia de derechos sociales y económicos. Se destaca una mayor susceptibilidad entre las emprendedoras, que puede ser explicada por las obligaciones domésticas y las barreras de género en el acceso a recursos. Además, se observa una disminución en la confianza y la percepción de estabilidad en el entorno empresarial, especialmente durante el período de debate constitucional. Los resultados de esta investigación pueden ayudar al diálogo basado en evidencias entre el sector público y privado respecto a los efectos que la incertidumbre que surge de los procesos de cambio institucional tiene sobre el emprendimiento y las decisiones de los emprendedores.

En los últimos años se ha instalado la discusión del rol de las empresas en nuestra sociedad. Este debate ha sido impulsado por casos de colusión, corrupción, daño medioambiental y nuevas exigencias de los consumidores. Se han desprestigiado algunas empresas y se ha cuestionado la legitimidad del sistema económico. Lo anterior, a pesar del innegable desarrollo y bienestar que se ha logrado en las últimas décadas. Por supuesto, las causas de las diferencias entre las expectativas sociales y los resultados económicos son múltiples. En este artículo, planteamos que uno de los orígenes de esta dicotomía radica en la concepción de valor que ha guiado a las actividades empresariales.