This paper describes a robust performance comparison of flight control actuation controllers based on a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in more electric aircraft (MEA). Recently, the PMSM has become a favorite for the flight control applications of more electric aircraft (MEA) due to their improved efficiency, higher torque, less noise, and higher reliability as compared to their counterparts. Thus, advanced nonlinear control techniques offer even better performance for the control of PMSM as noticed in this research. In this paper, three nonlinear approaches i.e. Feedback Linearization Control (FBL) through the cancellation of the non-linearity of the system, the stabilization of the system via Backstepping Control (BSC) using the Lyapunov candidate function as well as the robust performance with chattering minimization by applying the continuous approximation based Sliding Mode Control (SMC) are compared with generalized Field-Oriented Controller (FOC). The comparison of FOC, FBL, BSC and SMC shows that the nonlinear controllers perform well under varying aerodynamic loads during flight. However, the performance of the sliding mode control is found superior as compared to the other three controllers in terms of better performance characteristics e.g. response time, steady-state error etc. as well as the control robustness in the presence of the uncertain parameters of the PMSM model and variable load torque acting as a disturbance. In essence, the peak of the tolerance band is less than 20% for all nonlinear and FOC controller, while it is less than 5% for SMC. Steady state error for the SMC is least (0.01%) as compared to other three controllers. Moreover, the SMC controller is able to withstand 50% parameter variation and loading torque of 10 N.m without significant changes in performance. Six simulation scenarios are used to analyze the performance and robustness which depict that the sliding mode controller performs well in terms of the desired performance for MEA application.

Nowadays, research on electric drive control has become popular because hybrid methods to collect the advantages of individual controllers. Moreover, these methods aim to reach better performance and robust control even in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances which are typically evident in high-speed dynamics where the influence of external disturbances and modeling errors are more evident. Therefore, in this paper, a novel hybrid controller is proposed between the super-twisting algorithm based on high order design (HO-STA) and terminal sliding mode control (T-SMC) applied on a permanent magnet synchronous motor PMSM. Whereas, it accounts to deal with the weaknesses of both terminal sliding mode control and super twisting algorithm (STA) and at the same time combining their advantages; furthermore, it provides exceptional characteristics, including fast finite-time convergence, stabilization of the performance and its reaching law developer based on new design which contributes to reducing the chattering problems afflicted by C-SMC. This proposed hybrid technique contributes to gaining robust control under variation between slow, medium, and high speed levels, no matter what load torque is applied or whatever PMSM parameters change. Moreover, it also offers optimum performance characteristics such as smaller settling time and steady state error. Whereas, the control efficiency is demonstrated by Matlab/Simulink simulation to confirm our design parameters.

Sensorless speed motor drives are essential for developing control techniques, reducing cost, streamlining the system, and enhancing reliability. This study explores the area of sensorless speed control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) by proposing a hybrid control technique. This technique integrates the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) and pseudo-sliding mode control with an Approach Reaching Law (ARL). The MRAS is implemented as a robust sensorless observation method that efficiently handles uncertainties, adapts to dynamic conditions, and aims to achieve dependable performance by having the controlled system mimic a reference model. On the other hand, the pseudo-sliding mode control entails using a continuous approximation (CA) methodology to successfully resolve the chattering problem often seen in conventional sliding mode control approaches. This approach of control allocation enables more seamless control signals, hence improving the longevity of the system and minimizing unwanted oscillations. The ARL component relies on the Exponential Reaching Law (ERL), which enables fast and precise convergence to the intended sliding surface. The exponential characteristics of the ERL lead to faster reaction times and enhanced dynamic performance, guaranteeing the timely attainment of the sliding surface while being robust against changes in parameters and external disturbances. To assess the efficacy of the proposed sensorless hybrid control approach, uncertainties and disturbances were simulated, including PMSM parameters variation, load torque application, and speed level changes. The effectiveness of the suggested approach is compared to control strategies for PMSM, such as the classical ERL-SMC (Type 1) and the pseudo-sliding mode ERL-SMC (Type 2) schemes. The simulations were conducted exclusively using MATLAB/Simulink.

An important characteristic of permanent magnet synchronous machines is that they are extremely efficient due to the absence of rotor losses, such as in induction motors, and the use of permanent magnets for field excitation. This makes them a superb choice for applications involving motors and generators. In motor applications, key considerations revolve around speed, torque, and how machine parameters are affected by changes in ambient circumstances. Regrettably, using permanent magnet synchronous motor is influenced by all these aspects. This allows researchers to develop successful hybridization approaches combining different advanced controls to achieve optimal control mechanisms for these motors. This work presents a hybridization of nonlinear and optimum controls for optimal performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor under varying operating conditions by combining backstepping control and linear quadratic regulator control. By including the error as a state variable and applying the linear quadratic regulator technique to determine the control law, the steady-state error is reduced. The optimal linear quadratic regulator technique is defined by stabilizing and reducing oscillations in the permanent magnet while increasing system performance based on steady-state error. Meanwhile, the backstepping control helps maintain the regime's stability in the face of disturbances, which are represented by variations in load torque, speed, and motor parameters. A comparison study was performed to assess the efficacy of the suggested system against two contemporary control techniques: Exponential reaching law-sliding mode control and model predictive control. The findings indicate the superiority of the recommended method. All simulations were performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

This paper proposes a novel hybrid control strategy that integrates Feedback Linearization Control (FBLC) with Sliding Mode Control (SMC) to significantly enhance the performance of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drives. The proposed control strategy leverages the strengths of both FBLC and SMC to address the inherent challenges associated with PMSM control in demanding industrial applications. The FBLC component of the hybrid controller effectively linearizes the nonlinear dynamics of PMSMs. By transforming the nonlinear system into an equivalent linear system, FBLC facilitates precise trajectory tracking and improves transient response, thereby ensuring high control accuracy. This linearization process simplifies the control design and enables the implementation of advanced linear control techniques. On the other hand, the SMC component ensures robustness and reliability of the PMSM drive system. SMC is known for its inherent robustness against parameter variations, uncertainties, and external disturbances. By incorporating SMC into the hybrid controller, the system maintains stable and reliable operation even in the presence of these adverse conditions. The SMC component enhances disturbance rejection capabilities, providing a robust control solution that significantly improves the overall system performance. The integration of FBLC and SMC into a unified control architecture results in a synergistic improvement in PMSM drive performance. The hybrid FBLC-SMC controller combines the precise tracking capabilities of FBLC with the robustness of SMC, leading to superior tracking accuracy, effective disturbance rejection, and enhanced overall robustness compared to traditional control methods. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid control strategy. The simulation results demonstrate the ability of the FBLC-SMC controller to achieve excellent performance metrics, including improved tracking accuracy, faster transient response, and robust disturbance rejection. The hybrid control strategy is shown to be a promising solution for industrial applications requiring high performance and reliability in PMSM control.