Inflammation and oxidative stress are essential components in a myriad of pathogenic entities that lead to metabolic and chronic diseases. Moreover, inflammation in its different phases is necessary for the initiation and maintenance of a healthy pregnancy. Therefore, an equilibrium between a necessary/pathologic level of inflammation and oxidative stress during pregnancy is needed to avoid disease development. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are important for a healthy pregnancy and a good neonatal outcome. Their role in fetal development during challenging situations is vital for maintaining the equilibrium. However, in certain conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, and other cardiovascular diseases, it has been observed that HDL loses its protective properties, becoming dysfunctional. Bioactive compounds have been widely studied as mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress in different diseases, but their mechanisms of action are still unknown. Nonetheless, these agents, which are obtained from functional foods, increase the concentration of HDL, TRC, and antioxidant activity. Therefore, this review first summarizes several mechanisms of HDL participation in the equilibrium between inflammation and oxidative stress. Second, it gives an insight into how HDL may act as a vector for bioactive compounds. Third, it describes the relationships between the inflammation process in pregnancy and HDL activity. Consequently, different databases were used, including MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus, where scientific articles published in the English language up to 2023 were identified.

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the exploitation of by-products from fruits and vegetables, generated from industrial processing or human feeding. Residues of popularly consumed fruits such as orange, lemon, banana, pomegranate, among others, have been widely described and studied; however, cactus pear (Opuntia spp.) residues, as a locally consumed product, have been forgotten. The whole fruit can be divided into the edible portion (pulp) and the non-edible portion (seeds and peel). Several studies mainly focus on the characteristics of the edible portion or in the whole fruit, ignoring by-products such as peels, which are rich in compounds such as phenols, flavonoids and dietary fiber; they have also been proposed as an alternative source of lipids, carbohydrates and natural colorants. Some uses of the peel have been reported as a food additives, food supplements, as a source of pectins and for wastewater treatment; however, there have not been any deep investigations of the characteristics and potential uses of the cactus pear peel (CPP). The aim of the present paper is to provide an overview of the current research on CPP. CPP has many bio-active compounds that may provide health benefits and may also be useful in pharmaceutical, food and manufacturing industries; however, greater research is needed in order to gain thorough knowledge of the possibilities of this by-product.

Introducción: Comer emocional (CE) es una forma de alimentación desordenada y se define como el acto de consumir alimentos en respuesta a emociones negativas tales como tristeza, síntomas depresivos, estrés, ansiedad e irritabilidad. La Escala de Comer Emocional para Niños y Adolescentes (Emotional Eating Scale [EES-C]) permite identificar las emociones que originan o se presentan en el CE. Objetivo: Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la EES-C en adolescentes residentes en el Noreste de México; y analizar la relación del CE de acuerdo a sexo, edad y estado nutricional de los participantes.Material y métodos: Se realizó análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), se analizó la fiabilidad (consistencia interna) y validez convergente de la EES-C. Participaron631adolescentes que cursaban entre el 7º y 9º grado de educación básica residentes en el Noreste de México. Se realizaron mediciones de peso y estatura y se obtuvo el estado nutricional de los participantes.Resultados: Los índices de bondad de ajuste del modelo propuesto fueron aceptables: (CFI = 0,921: GFI = 0,907; AGFI = 0,876, SRMS = 0,055 y RMSEA = 0,068), así como la consistencia interna (α = 0,92). La edad promedio de los participantes fue 13,74 años (DE = 0,90), el peso osciló entre 30,9 y 130,4 kg (DE = 13,20).Conclusiones: El AFC del modelo propuesto tiene una consistencia interna alta y estructura factorial de cinco factores con un ajuste adecuado. Puede ser utilizada para medir el CE en adolescentes Mexicanos. Se recomienda contrastar este modelo en poblaciones similares.

In recent years, there has been a reported significative increase in social media addiction (SMA), associated with unhealthy lifestyle habits. To analyze the association between SMA, lifestyle, and weight perception among Mexican nursing students, a cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted among undergraduate and graduate students over 18 years old. The survey was administered via Google Forms and distributed through Facebook, WhatsApp, and Instagram from June to August 2023. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and a multiple linear regression model with SPSS. A total of 255 students participated, 80.0% of whom were women, and 86.2% were undergraduate students. The average social media addiction score was 25.6 (SD = 14.0). Of the participants, 49.8% reported a dangerous-to-fair lifestyle, while 50.2% reported a good-to-excellent lifestyle. Social media addiction was negatively correlated with lifestyle (r_s = −0.496, p < 0.001). In the multiple linear regression model, social media addiction, perception of body weight, and students who work explained 32.5% of the lifestyle variance. Students who reported higher levels of social media addiction tended to have less healthy lifestyles. It is important to consider the detection of social media addiction and its potential long-term health implications for nursing students.

Background: Machismo and Marianismo are social constructs that influence individuals’ behaviors in society. These behaviors can negatively impact decisions about healthcare, potentially increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Objective: Analyze the relationship between Machismo, Marianismo beliefs, and the risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Indigenous Mexican adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study focusing on Nahua and Totonaca Indigenous people from the communities of Ahuacatlán and Huehuetla, in the northeastern and north of the State of Puebla. The study was conducted between March and June 2019. The study employed the Male Norms Conformity Inventory, the Marianism Belief Scale, and the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Calculator. Results: A total of 491 people participated. The average age of participants was 39.5 (SD = 7.0) years. Machismo and Marianismo were significantly correlated with diabetes risk. The Machismo dimensions associated with increased diabetes risk included work primacy, risk-taking, and status-seeking. The Marianismo belief dimensions linked to diabetes risk were submission to others and being virtuous and chaste. Conclusion: Machismo and Marianismo, both contribute to the increased risk of Type 2 Diabetes among Indigenous Nahuas and Totonacs in Mexico. These findings are helpful to identify and evaluate such factors in at-risk individuals, enabling the future implementation of targeted interventions.

El presente trabajo parte del reconocimiento de que la integración de inteligencia artificial (IA) y tecnologías inmersivas está modificando de forma acelerada la educación y la práctica clínica en enfermería, lo que plantea desafíos éticos, técnicos y formativos. El objetivo general fue revisar y analizar la literatura científica sobre el uso de la IA y tecnologías emergentes en el campo de la enfermería, mediante una revisión narrativa estructurada, con la finalidad de identificar aplicaciones actuales, beneficios, limitaciones y oportunidades de mejora que optimicen su incorporación en los sistemas de atención sanitaria. La metodología consistió en un análisis de fuentes recientes que abordaron la implementación de IA, realidad virtual y simulación clínica, poniendo énfasis en sus implicaciones biomédicas, educativas y organizacionales. Los principales hallazgos evidencian que estas tecnologías pueden apoyar el razonamiento clínico, mejorar la calidad del diagnóstico, facilitar la educación personalizada y optimizar procesos en cuidados intensivos, pero también enfrentan barreras relacionadas con la privacidad de datos, sesgos algorítmicos, brechas formativas y resistencia institucional. Además, se discuten experiencias exitosas en simulación clínica, educación con chatbots, monitoreo remoto y colaboración entre enfermería e ingeniería biomédica, lo cual refuerza su potencial transformador. Como conclusión, se destaca que, si bien la adopción de tecnologías inteligentes e inmersivas en enfermería presenta grandes beneficios, su implementación exige una preparación ética, técnica y pedagógica integral, así como marcos normativos robustos que garanticen su uso responsable, equitativo y contextualizado en beneficio de los profesionales y pacientes.