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Like Ning
Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

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Journal article
Published: 16 June 2021 in Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C
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Identifying the individual contributions of factors impacting the water resources in Beijing plays crucial roles in planning water management for resolving water shortage problems and for the sustainable utilization of water resources. In this study, four statistical methods, the Mann-Kendall test, double mass curve method, modified slope changing ratio of accumulative quantity method, and generalized linear model, were employed to detect the individual contributions of climate change and human activities on the variation of runoff in Beijing from 1961 to 2017. Our results showed that the annual runoff declined significantly during the entire study period. The mean temperature increased significantly, while the annual precipitation did not change significantly, over the entire study period. An abrupt change was detected in 1977 with a change in runoff. During the period of change, climate change contributed 20.0% to the increase in runoff, while human activities contributed 120% to the decline in runoff from 1978 to 2017. Furthermore, we partitioned the contributions of human activities into eight social and economic factors. These factors explained 55.29% of the total contributions of human activities. The economic factors, the changes in the arable land area and accumulative construction area, and the change in urbanization rate contributed 15.94%, 18.37%, and 6.05% to the total variation in runoff, respectively. Finally, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project contributed 5.19% of the change in runoff. Our study provides the individual contributions of the specific impact factors to runoff in Beijing and may help policy-makers to devise targeted water resource management plans.

ACS Style

Shaofei Jin; Ziyan Zheng; Like Ning. Separating variance in the runoff in Beijing's river system under climate change and human activities. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 2021, 123, 103044 .

AMA Style

Shaofei Jin, Ziyan Zheng, Like Ning. Separating variance in the runoff in Beijing's river system under climate change and human activities. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C. 2021; 123 ():103044.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shaofei Jin; Ziyan Zheng; Like Ning. 2021. "Separating variance in the runoff in Beijing's river system under climate change and human activities." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 123, no. : 103044.

Journal article
Published: 21 August 2020 in Applied Geochemistry
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Large volumes of water containing friction-reducing additives are injected into target rock formations during hydraulic fracturing in shale gas production. The interactions between the fracking fluids and the reservoir rocks may increase the flowback and produced (FP) salinity, rendering the fluid ineffective for reuse and recycling. To explore the function of polyacrylamide (PAM; a widely applied friction-reducing additive) on the evolution of FP water salinity, three fluid-rock interaction experiments were conducted under relevant temperature conditions. Sr concentrations and 87Sr/86Sr were measured to identify mineral exchanges. Results showed that the dominant geochemical reactions were pyrite oxidation, carbonate, and silicate mineral dissolution, and halite dissolution; the hydrolysis of polyacrylamide facilitated mineral dissolution. Another one-tenth of carbonate was mobilized and the total oxidized pyrite mass was nearly 30 times greater on the function of PAM. These findings imply that the development of brine-tolerant polyacrylamide is necessary to effectively reuse and recycle FP water. This is beneficial for the environment as this minimizes the dependency on freshwater supplies. This study provides new information on the interactions between the fracturing fluid and the reservoir rocks and further elucidates the influence of polyacrylamide on wastewater salinity.

ACS Style

Xia Wu; Jun Xia; Baoshan Guan; Chesheng Zhan; Lei Zou; Like Ning. Polyacrylamide's function on increasing salinity in shale gas wastewater production. Applied Geochemistry 2020, 122, 104685 .

AMA Style

Xia Wu, Jun Xia, Baoshan Guan, Chesheng Zhan, Lei Zou, Like Ning. Polyacrylamide's function on increasing salinity in shale gas wastewater production. Applied Geochemistry. 2020; 122 ():104685.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xia Wu; Jun Xia; Baoshan Guan; Chesheng Zhan; Lei Zou; Like Ning. 2020. "Polyacrylamide's function on increasing salinity in shale gas wastewater production." Applied Geochemistry 122, no. : 104685.

Journal article
Published: 12 July 2020 in Atmosphere
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With the large-scale development of wind energy, wind power forecasting plays a key role in power dispatching in the electric power grid, as well as in the operation and maintenance of wind farms. The most important technology for wind power forecasting is forecasting wind speed. The current mainstream methods for wind speed forecasting involve the combination of mesoscale numerical meteorological models with a post-processing system. Our work uses the WRF model to obtain the numerical weather forecast and the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) algorithm to improve the near-surface wind speed post-processing results of the numerical weather model. We calculate the feature importance of GBDT in order to find out which feature most affects the post-processing wind speed results. The results show that, after using about 300 features at different height and pressure layers, the GBDT algorithm can output more accurate wind speed forecasts than the original WRF results and other post-processing models like decision tree regression (DTR) and multi-layer perceptron regression (MLPR). Using GBDT, the root mean square error (RMSE) of wind speed can be reduced from 2.7–3.5 m/s in the original WRF result by 1–1.5 m/s, which is better than DTR and MLPR. While the index of agreement (IA) can be improved by 0.10–0.20, correlation coefficient be improved by 0.10–0.18, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) be improved by −0.06–0.6. It also can be found that the feature which most affects the GBDT results is the near-surface wind speed. Other variables, such as forecast month, forecast time, and temperature, also affect the GBDT results.

ACS Style

Wenqing Xu; Like Ning; Yong Luo. Wind Speed Forecast Based on Post-Processing of Numerical Weather Predictions Using a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree Algorithm. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 738 .

AMA Style

Wenqing Xu, Like Ning, Yong Luo. Wind Speed Forecast Based on Post-Processing of Numerical Weather Predictions Using a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree Algorithm. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (7):738.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenqing Xu; Like Ning; Yong Luo. 2020. "Wind Speed Forecast Based on Post-Processing of Numerical Weather Predictions Using a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree Algorithm." Atmosphere 11, no. 7: 738.

Journal article
Published: 17 March 2020 in Remote Sensing
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With the development of the wind power industry in China, accurate simulation of near-surface wind plays an important role in wind-resource assessment. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models have been widely used to simulate the near-surface wind speed. By combining the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model with the Three-dimensional variation (3DVar) data assimilation system, our work applied satellite data assimilation to the wind resource assessment tasks of coastal wind farms in Guangdong, China. We compared the simulation results with wind speed observation data from seven wind observation towers in the Guangdong coastal area, and the results showed that satellite data assimilation with the WRF model can significantly reduce the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and improve the index of agreement (IA) and correlation coefficient (R). In different months and at different height layers (10, 50, and 70 m), the Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) can be reduced by a range of 0–0.8 m/s from 2.5–4 m/s of the original results, the IA can be increased by a range of 0–0.2 from 0.5–0.8 of the original results, and the R can be increased by a range of 0–0.3 from 0.2–0.7 of the original results. The results of the wind speed Weibull distribution show that, after data assimilation was used, the WRF model was able to simulate the distribution of wind speed more accurately. Based on the numerical simulation, our work proposes a combined wind resource evaluation approach of numerical modeling and data assimilation, which will benefit the wind power assessment of wind farms.

ACS Style

Wenqing Xu; Like Ning; Yong Luo. Applying Satellite Data Assimilation to Wind Simulation of Coastal Wind Farms in Guangdong, China. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 973 .

AMA Style

Wenqing Xu, Like Ning, Yong Luo. Applying Satellite Data Assimilation to Wind Simulation of Coastal Wind Farms in Guangdong, China. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (6):973.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenqing Xu; Like Ning; Yong Luo. 2020. "Applying Satellite Data Assimilation to Wind Simulation of Coastal Wind Farms in Guangdong, China." Remote Sensing 12, no. 6: 973.

Journal article
Published: 10 April 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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Owing to the widespread use of bisphenol analogues (BPs) as substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA), the presence of BPs in multiple environments is of increasing concern. However, there is a limited understanding of the effects of colloids on the distribution and risk assessment of BPs traditionally dissolved in surface water. In this study, seven BPs were investigated in both the truly dissolved (<5 kDa) and colloidal (5 kDa to 1 μm) phases with water, with mean concentrations in the range of 71.6–671 ng/L and 5.84–76.6 ng/L, respectively. BPA and bisphenol S (BPS) were the dominant BPs in both phases, but a clear positive correlation was found between the adsorption contribution proportions of colloids to BPs and their hydrophobicity (octanol-water partition coefficient). The colloids contributed 50.4% of bisphenol AF, 33.4% of tetrabromobisphenol A, 25.2% of bisphenol F, 10.9% of BPA and 9.50% of BPS in the traditionally dissolved phase (<1 μm), which suggests that colloids play an important role in regulating the transformation and transportation of BPs in aquatic environments. Based on BP concentrations in the truly dissolved phase, only moderate risk levels for BPs towards algae, daphnia and fish were posed, and no oestrogenic risk existed in the study area.

ACS Style

Wei Si; Yuanfei Cai; Jianchao Liu; Jie Shen; Qing Chen; Chen Chen; Like Ning. Investigating the role of colloids on the distribution of bisphenol analogues in surface water from an ecological demonstration area, China. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 673, 699 -707.

AMA Style

Wei Si, Yuanfei Cai, Jianchao Liu, Jie Shen, Qing Chen, Chen Chen, Like Ning. Investigating the role of colloids on the distribution of bisphenol analogues in surface water from an ecological demonstration area, China. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 673 ():699-707.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wei Si; Yuanfei Cai; Jianchao Liu; Jie Shen; Qing Chen; Chen Chen; Like Ning. 2019. "Investigating the role of colloids on the distribution of bisphenol analogues in surface water from an ecological demonstration area, China." Science of The Total Environment 673, no. : 699-707.

Journal article
Published: 13 March 2018 in Water
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Long records (1960–2013) of monthly streamflow observations from 8 hydrological stations in the East Asian monsoon region are modeled using a nonstationarity framework by means of the Generalized Additive Models in Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS). Modeling analyses are used to characterize nonstationarity of monthly streamflow series in different geographic regions and to select optimal distribution among five two-parameter distributions (Gamma, Lognormal, Gumbel, Weibull and Logistic). Based on the optimal nonstationarity distribution, a time-dependent Standardized Streamflow Index (denoted SSIvar) that takes account of the possible nonstationarity in streamflow series is constructed and then employed to identify drought characteristics at different time scales (at a 3-month scale and a 12-month scale) in the eight selected catchments during 1960–2013 for comparison. Results of GAMLSS models indicate that they are able to represent the magnitude and spread in the monthly streamflow series with distribution parameters that are a linear function of time. For 8 hydrological stations in different geographic regions, a noticeable difference is observed between the historical drought assessment of Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI) and SSIvar, indicating that the nonstationarity could not be ignored in the hydrological drought analyses, especially for stations with change point and significant change trends. The constructed SSIvar is, to some extent, found to be more reliable and suitable for regional drought monitoring than traditional SSI in a changing environment, thereby providing a feasible alternative for drought forecasting and water resource management at different time scales.

ACS Style

Lei Zou; Jun Xia; Like Ning; DunXian She; Chesheng Zhan. Identification of Hydrological Drought in Eastern China Using a Time-Dependent Drought Index. Water 2018, 10, 315 .

AMA Style

Lei Zou, Jun Xia, Like Ning, DunXian She, Chesheng Zhan. Identification of Hydrological Drought in Eastern China Using a Time-Dependent Drought Index. Water. 2018; 10 (3):315.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lei Zou; Jun Xia; Like Ning; DunXian She; Chesheng Zhan. 2018. "Identification of Hydrological Drought in Eastern China Using a Time-Dependent Drought Index." Water 10, no. 3: 315.

Article
Published: 03 June 2016 in Climatic Change
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This paper quantifies the vulnerability of and risk to water resources (VRWR) under a scenario of climate change in the arid and semi-arid region of West China. A new approach integrating hazard, sensitivity, resilience, exposure and risk is developed to assess the VRWR from climate change. Drought is regarded as the key hazard, with its frequency and severity defined using a surface humidity index. Exposure is quantitatively linked with indicators of population and social and economic characteristics using statistical and Geographical Information System (GIS) methodologies. Risk is defined as the product of hazard, exposure and vulnerability, while vulnerability is treated as a function of sensitivity and adaptation. Vulnerability and risk in the water resources system in the coming 20 years are assessed for the RCP 4.5 scenario. The results reveal that both hazard and exposure of water resources display strong spatial variation in the study area. High hazard and exposure are found in the northern Tianshan Mountain as well as the eastern part of Hexi Corridor. Water resources are particularly sensitive to variation in precipitation and potential evapotranspiration in the upstream areas of Hexi Corridor, rivers in Central Asia, headwater streams of Tarim River and most of Chang Tang Plateau. Our assessment shows that there is high vulnerability of and risk to water resources in the study area, especially in the areas of Hexi Corridor, northern Tianshan Mountain and Tarim River. Under the RCP 4.5 climate change scenario, the vulnerability and risk decline over the entire area but remain at a serious level in inland rivers in Hexi Corridor, northern Tianshan Mountain and headwater streams of Tarim River. Thus, these areas are the highest priority for strengthening policy measures to adapt to climate change and reduce exposure and vulnerability and their risk to water resources.

ACS Style

Jun Xia; Like Ning; Quan Wang; Junxu Chen; Long Wan; Si Hong. Vulnerability of and risk to water resources in arid and semi-arid regions of West China under a scenario of climate change. Climatic Change 2016, 144, 549 -563.

AMA Style

Jun Xia, Like Ning, Quan Wang, Junxu Chen, Long Wan, Si Hong. Vulnerability of and risk to water resources in arid and semi-arid regions of West China under a scenario of climate change. Climatic Change. 2016; 144 (3):549-563.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun Xia; Like Ning; Quan Wang; Junxu Chen; Long Wan; Si Hong. 2016. "Vulnerability of and risk to water resources in arid and semi-arid regions of West China under a scenario of climate change." Climatic Change 144, no. 3: 549-563.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2016 in Journal of Arid Land
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Runoff is a major component of the water cycle, and its multi-scale fluctuations are important to water resources management across arid and semi-arid regions. This paper coupled the Distributed Time Variant Gain Model (DTVGM) into the Community Land Model (CLM 3.5), replacing the TOPMODEL-based method to simulate runoff in the arid and semi-arid regions of China. The coupled model was calibrated at five gauging stations for the period 1980–2005 and validated for the period 2006–2010. Then, future runoff (2010–2100) was simulated for different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) emission scenarios. After that, the spatial distributions of the future runoff for these scenarios were discussed, and the multi-scale fluctuation characteristics of the future annual runoff for the RCP scenarios were explored using the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) analysis method. Finally, the decadal variabilities of the future annual runoff for the entire study area and the five catchments in it were investigated. The results showed that the future annual runoff had slowly decreasing trends for scenarios RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 during the period 2010–2100, whereas it had a non-monotonic trend for the RCP 4.5 scenario, with a slow increase after the 2050s. Additionally, the future annual runoff clearly varied over a decadal time scale, indicating that it had clear divisions between dry and wet periods. The longest dry period was approximately 15 years (2040–2055) for the RCP 2.6 scenario and 25 years (2045–2070) for the RCP 4.5 scenario. However, the RCP 8.5 scenario was predicted to have a long dry period starting from 2045. Under these scenarios, the water resources situation of the study area will be extremely severe. Therefore, adaptive water management measures addressing climate change should be adopted to proactively confront the risks of water resources.

ACS Style

Like Ning; Jun Xia; Chesheng Zhan; Yongyong Zhang. Runoff of arid and semi-arid regions simulated and projected by CLM-DTVGM and its multi-scale fluctuations as revealed by EEMD analysis. Journal of Arid Land 2016, 8, 506 -520.

AMA Style

Like Ning, Jun Xia, Chesheng Zhan, Yongyong Zhang. Runoff of arid and semi-arid regions simulated and projected by CLM-DTVGM and its multi-scale fluctuations as revealed by EEMD analysis. Journal of Arid Land. 2016; 8 (4):506-520.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Like Ning; Jun Xia; Chesheng Zhan; Yongyong Zhang. 2016. "Runoff of arid and semi-arid regions simulated and projected by CLM-DTVGM and its multi-scale fluctuations as revealed by EEMD analysis." Journal of Arid Land 8, no. 4: 506-520.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2014 in Environmental Earth Sciences
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Decadal climate change has evidently posed serious threats and challenges to water resource management across arid regions in China. Thus, vulnerability assessment of water resources has been considered vital to adapt to or cope with the adverse effects of climate change. This paper investigated spatial patterns of decadal climate change and water resources variability in the arid regions of Northwest China based on a GIS analysis. The Budyko hypothesis was used to investigate the climate sensitivity of basin streamflow. A framework was proposed to assess the vulnerability of water resources as a function of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptability. Results indicated that a significant increase in precipitation and water resources (both surface water resources and groundwater recharge) occurred primarily in Xinjiang Province after the 1980s. Water utilization ratio in arid regions was very high, and groundwater abstraction substantially increased as it exceeded the exploitable volume in the Hexi Corridor, the Tuha Basin, and the north of the Tianshan Mountain. Exposure of water resources to drought in arid regions decreased from the 1960s to the 2000s. The sensitivity of water resource response to precipitation changes varied between regions. Water resources were more sensitive to precipitation variability in the river basins in the Hexi Corridor and inner Mongolia. In most arid regions in China, water resources were evaluated with low adaptability and high or severe vulnerability in the 2000s. In the future, the precipitation is projected to increase significantly under the RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 scenarios. Particularly, water vulnerability will be significantly reduced as the precipitation increases in most river basins under the RCP8.5 scenario. Water resources in the rivers in the Qaidam Basin, the Qinhai Lake Basin, the inner Mongolia, and the north of Kunlun Mountain will have low or medium vulnerability in the 2030s and 2050s. However, in the Tuha Basin and Hexi Corridor, vulnerability will remain severe in the 2050s despite the significant increase in precipitation and implementation of water-saving measures. Hence, measures that will facilitate sustainable water resource management must be identified and implemented.

ACS Style

Long Wan; Jun Xia; Si Hong; Hongmei Bu; Like Ning; Junxu Chen. Decadal climate variability and vulnerability of water resources in arid regions of Northwest China. Environmental Earth Sciences 2014, 73, 6539 -6552.

AMA Style

Long Wan, Jun Xia, Si Hong, Hongmei Bu, Like Ning, Junxu Chen. Decadal climate variability and vulnerability of water resources in arid regions of Northwest China. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2014; 73 (10):6539-6552.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Long Wan; Jun Xia; Si Hong; Hongmei Bu; Like Ning; Junxu Chen. 2014. "Decadal climate variability and vulnerability of water resources in arid regions of Northwest China." Environmental Earth Sciences 73, no. 10: 6539-6552.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2014 in Journal of Hydrology
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ACS Style

Junxu Chen; Jun Xia; Changsen Zhao; Shifeng Zhang; Guobin Fu; Like Ning. The mechanism and scenarios of how mean annual runoff varies with climate change in Asian monsoon areas. Journal of Hydrology 2014, 517, 595 -606.

AMA Style

Junxu Chen, Jun Xia, Changsen Zhao, Shifeng Zhang, Guobin Fu, Like Ning. The mechanism and scenarios of how mean annual runoff varies with climate change in Asian monsoon areas. Journal of Hydrology. 2014; 517 ():595-606.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junxu Chen; Jun Xia; Changsen Zhao; Shifeng Zhang; Guobin Fu; Like Ning. 2014. "The mechanism and scenarios of how mean annual runoff varies with climate change in Asian monsoon areas." Journal of Hydrology 517, no. : 595-606.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2014 in Journal of Arid Land
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The sensitivity and vulnerability of water resources to climate change is difficult to assess. In this study, we used a conceptual hydrologic model to investigate the sensitivity of streamflow to climate change. We also proposed a framework to evaluate the vulnerability of water resources in arid regions. We applied this framework to a case study of the Shiyang River Basin in Northwest China. Results showed that the precipitation and streamflow in Shiyang River Basin exhibited no significant trends of change from 1956 to 2010. In the past five decades, however, the temperature increased significantly by 0.37°C per decade. According to the sensitivity assessment, a 10% increase in precipitation and a 1°C increase in temperature altered mean annual streamflow by averages of 14.6% and −0.5%, respectively, from 1988 to 2005. In the 2000s, the calculated vulnerability of water resources in Shiyang River Basin was more than 0.95, indicating severe vulnerability. The increase in the amount of precipitation and the implementation of water-saving measures can reduce the vulnerability of water resources in the future; if precipitation increases by 10% per decade and the use of irrigation water decreases by 15% in the 2030s, the evaluated value of water resources vulnerability will be reduced to 0.79. However, the region remains highly vulnerable. The proposed framework for vulnerability assessment can be applied to the arid regions in Northwest China, and the results of our efforts can identify adaptation strategies and improve the management of water resources in such regions.

ACS Style

Long Wan; Jun Xia; Hongmei Bu; Si Hong; Junxu Chen; Like Ning. Sensitivity and vulnerability of water resources in the arid Shiyang River Basin of Northwest China. Journal of Arid Land 2014, 6, 656 -667.

AMA Style

Long Wan, Jun Xia, Hongmei Bu, Si Hong, Junxu Chen, Like Ning. Sensitivity and vulnerability of water resources in the arid Shiyang River Basin of Northwest China. Journal of Arid Land. 2014; 6 (6):656-667.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Long Wan; Jun Xia; Hongmei Bu; Si Hong; Junxu Chen; Like Ning. 2014. "Sensitivity and vulnerability of water resources in the arid Shiyang River Basin of Northwest China." Journal of Arid Land 6, no. 6: 656-667.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in Journal of Water Resource and Protection
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A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, Floodarea was applied to simulate the flood inundation area and flood depth in Manas basin, China. Two scenes of Landsat TM images were also used in this research. One image was used to produce the spatial distributed manning roughness to feed the model, the other one was used to delineate the actual inundated area by a modified NDWI method. The model and the manning roughness were validated by the comparison of simulated flood inundation extent and the corresponding actual inundated area obtained from Landsat image. The results show that the actual inundation extent obtained from Landsat image was 240.45 km2, and the modeled inundation area was276.15 km2. It indicates that manning roughness ranging from 0.025 to 0.833 is appropriate in the basin. In addition, the modeled flood depth varied from 0 to7.77 m. Taking land use into account, five hazard zones were identified in the study area. This study would be beneficial to flood control and disaster reduction.

ACS Style

Like Ning; Hailong Liu; Anming Bao. Identification of Inundation Hazard Zones in Manas Basin, China, Using Hydrodynamic Modeling and Remote Sensing. Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013, 05, 469 -473.

AMA Style

Like Ning, Hailong Liu, Anming Bao. Identification of Inundation Hazard Zones in Manas Basin, China, Using Hydrodynamic Modeling and Remote Sensing. Journal of Water Resource and Protection. 2013; 05 (04):469-473.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Like Ning; Hailong Liu; Anming Bao. 2013. "Identification of Inundation Hazard Zones in Manas Basin, China, Using Hydrodynamic Modeling and Remote Sensing." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 05, no. 04: 469-473.