Introduction: This study purpose of determining the short-term effects of kinesio taping on drooling in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: CP were randomly divided into 3 groups as the kinesio tape (n = 16), sham tape (n = 16), and control (n = 16) groups. The drooling severity and frequency were assessed with the Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale, and the amount of saliva was measured by the 5-minute drooling quotient. All outcome measurements were repeated for all children at the baseline, after 45 minutes, and after 2 days of application. Results: There was a significant decrease found in drooling severity, frequency, and amount in the kinesio taping group (p < .05). There was no significant difference in the sham taping and control groups (p > .05). Conclusion: The use of kinesio tape in drooling reduced drooling severity, frequency, and amount.

Purpose: Exercise therapy is the most common conservative treatment for LBP as it is easily accessible and can be individually tailored to the needs of the patient, but no evidence has been presented that one exercise approach is superior to the other. Exercise has generally been associated with improving psychosocial aspects of pain, such as kinesiophobia, depression, and anxiety in LBP patients, but its effect on the paraspinal muscles needs to be focused on. For this reason, the aim of our study is to evaluate different types of exercises that will help increase neuromuscular facilitation and core stability in paraspinal muscles by considering patient satisfaction. Methods: A total of thirty-seven female patients with chronic low back pain were included in the study. The Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire was used to assess functionality. Core stability was evaluated with a stabilizer. Pain intensity and satisfaction were measured with visual analog scale. Patients' kinesiophobia was assessed by using Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale. Patients were randomized into three groups according to the interventions as; proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise group (n = 9), core stability exercise group (n = 14) and control (n = 14) group. The duration of applications was 3 days per week with a total of 6 weeks. Results: There was a group difference for core muscle strength (p = .045), Oswestry score (p = .001), pain intensity score (p = .003) and Tampa score (p = .001). There were significant gains for core muscle strength and Oswestry scores for proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and core stability groups (p < .05). Conclusion. Core stabilization exercises have additional effects to improve rehabilitation outcomes for patients and also the level of patient satisfaction was importantly different between all groups in favor to core stability with chronic low back pain. Purpose: Exercise therapy is the most common conservative treatment for LBP as it is easily accessible and can be individually tailored to the needs of the patient, but no evidence has been presented that one exercise approach is superior to the other. Exercise has generally been associated with improving psychosocial aspects of pain, such as kinesiophobia, depression, and anxiety in LBP patients, but its effect on the paraspinal muscles needs to be focused on. For this reason, the aim of our study is to evaluate different types of exercises that will help increase neuromuscular facilitation and core stability in paraspinal muscles by considering patient satisfaction. Methods: A total of thirty-seven female patients with chronic low back pain were included in the study. The Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire was used to assess functionality. Core stability was evaluated with a stabilizer. Pain intensity and satisfaction were measured with visual analog scale. Patients' kinesiophobia was assessed by using Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale. Patients were randomized into three groups according to the interventions as; proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise group (n = 9), core stability exercise group (n = 14) and control (n = 14) group. The duration of applications was 3 days per week with a total of 6 weeks. Results: There was a group difference for core muscle strength (p = .045), Oswestry score (p = .001), pain intensity score (p = .003) and Tampa score (p = .001). There were significant gains for core muscle strength and Oswestry scores for proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and core stability groups (p < .05). Conclusion. Core stabilization exercises have additional effects to improve rehabilitation outcomes for patients and also the level of patient satisfaction was importantly different between all groups in favor to core stability with chronic low back pain.

Background: This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability characteristics of the Illness Cognition Questionnaire (ICQ). Methods: A total of 205 patients who had pain related to chronic musculoskeletal diseases were referred to the study. In order to test the validity, Short Disease Perception Scale (SDPS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were administered together with the ICQ. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to measure the construct validity of the ICQ, and convergent and divergent validities were evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis. In order to achieve the test-retest reliability of the questionnaire, 81 patients re-applied the questionnaire after two days. Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency and test-retest reliability coefficients were calculated to determine the reliability level of the questionnaire. Results: The factor loadings of the ICQ helplessness subscale ranged from 0.784 to 0.853, the acceptance subscale ranged from 0.583 to 0.855, and the perceived benefits subscale ranged from 0.733 to 0.794. Internal consistency coefficients of the ICQ were found α = 0.929 for the helplessness subscale, α = 0.868 for the acceptance subscale, and α = 0.896 for perceived benefits subscale. The results of the analysis showed that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the initial measurement of helplessness sub-scale and the retest helplessness subscale at 0.697 level (p < .05). A statistically significant positive correlation was determined between the test and the retest of acceptance sub-scale at 0.465 level (p < .05). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the first test of the perceived benefits sub-scale and the retest test at the 0.661 level. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the ICQ was found to be valid and reliable. It is a measurement tool that could be used easily in clinics because of its short application time and easy to understand. We think that ICQ which provides a new awareness in the perception of disease in Turkish society should be examined in different diseases and age groups.

Objective: Lack of physical activity, sleep problems and nomophobia are serious problems in adults. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nomophobia with physical activity and sleep quality in non-frail older adults living in the community. Materials and Methods: The participants' fragility status was determined using the "Tilburg Frailty Indicator Survey," while nomophobia levels were assessed with the "Nomophobia Questionnaire," physical activity levels were measured using the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form," and sleep quality was evaluated with the "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: A total of 158 participants, 73 (46.8%) male and 85 (53.2%) female, were included in the study. While 5 (3.2%) of the participants were not nomophobic, 153 (96.8%) had nomophobia. 29 (18.4%) of the participants had no sleep problems, and 129 (81.6%) had sleep problems. As a result of the analysis, a weak negative correlation (r: -0.338, p<0.001) was found between physical activity and nomophobia. A positive and negligible correlation was observed between use of sleep medication, daytime dysfunction sub-scales, total PSQI scores and nomophobia (r:0.167-r:0.193, p<0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that as nomophobia increased in non-frail adult people, their physical activity levels decreased, and their sleep quality was negatively affected.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde uzaktan veya hibrit eğitim almış üniversite öğrencilerinin uzaktan eğitim bakış açılarını ve memnuniyetlerini değerlendirmek idi.Yöntem: Çalışma uzaktan veya hibrit eğitim almış 692 gönüllü üniversite öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin verileri online olarak Google formlar üzerinden toplandı. Bireylerin demografik özellikleri, haftalık uzaktan eğitim gün sayıları, günlük uzaktan eğitim süreleri, ders dışı bilgisayar kullanım süreleri, eğitim seviyeleri, eğitim aldıkları kurum, internete ulaşım kolaylıkları, uzaktan eğitime ulaşma şekilleri ve uzaktan eğitimde pratik ders alıp almadıkları sorgulandı. Katılımcıların uzaktan eğitime bakış açıları ve memnuniyetleri araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen 16 sorudan oluşan 5’li likert ölçek ile değerlendirilir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların “Uzaktan eğitimde derslerin tekrar izlenebilmesinin öğrenmeyi olumlu etkilediğini düşünüyorum” sorusuna verdikleri cevap en yüksek memnuniyet puanını alır iken (4.14 ± 1.01), “Uzaktan eğitim ile örgün eğitimin pratik/uygulama/laboratuvar içerikli dersler ile aynı imkânı vermiş olduğunu düşünüyorum” sorusuna verdikleri cevap en düşük memnuniyet puanı (1.91 ± 1.08) olarak kaydedildi.Sonuç: Eğitim sisteminin bir parçası olan uzaktan eğitim teorik dersleri desteklemek için ideal bir yöntem olsa da pratik/uygulamalı dersler için yetersiz kalmaktadır. Özellikle mesleki gelişim için pratik/uygulamalı derslerin önemi göz önüne alındığında bu dersler için hibrit eğitim modelinin uzaktan eğitim modeline göre daha avantajlı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.