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Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach of about 60% of people worldwide. The search for new drugs with activity against H. pylori is now a hotspot in the effective and safe control of this bacterium. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the antibacterial activity of extracts from selected plants of the Papaveraceae family against planktonic and biofilm forms of the multidrug-resistant clinical strain of H. pylori using a broad spectrum of analytical in vitro methods. It was revealed that among the tested extracts, those obtained from Corydalis cheilanthifolia and Chelidonium majus were the most active, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 64 µg/mL and 128 µg/mL, respectively. High concentrations of both extracts showed cytotoxicity against cell lines of human hepatic origin. Therefore, we attempted to lower their MICs through the use of a synergistic combination with synthetic antimicrobials as well as by applying cellulose as a drug carrier. Using checkerboard assays, we determined that both extracts presented synergistic interactions with amoxicillin (AMX) and 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) (FICI = 0.5) and additive relationships with sertraline (SER) (FICI = 0.75). The antibiofilm activity of extracts and their combinations with AMX, 3-BP, or SER, was analyzed by two methods, i.e., the microcapillary overgrowth under flow conditions (the Bioflux system) and assessment of the viability of lawn biofilms after exposure to drugs released from bacterial cellulose (BC) carriers. Using both methods, we observed a several-fold decrease in the level of H. pylori biofilm, indicating the ability of the tested compounds to eradicate the microbial biofilm. The obtained results indicate that application of plant-derived extracts from the Papaveraceae family combined with synthetic antimicrobials, absorbed into organic BC carrier, may be considered a promising way of fighting biofilm-forming H. pylori.
Paweł Krzyżek; Adam Junka; Wojciech Słupski; Arleta Dołowacka-Jóźwiak; Bartosz J. Płachno; Aleksandra Sobiecka; Adam Matkowski; Grzegorz Chodaczek; Tadeusz Płusa; Grażyna Gościniak; Sylwia Zielińska. Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial-Enhancing Activity of Chelidonium majus and Corydalis cheilanthifolia Extracts against Multidrug-Resistant Helicobacter pylori. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1033 .
AMA StylePaweł Krzyżek, Adam Junka, Wojciech Słupski, Arleta Dołowacka-Jóźwiak, Bartosz J. Płachno, Aleksandra Sobiecka, Adam Matkowski, Grzegorz Chodaczek, Tadeusz Płusa, Grażyna Gościniak, Sylwia Zielińska. Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial-Enhancing Activity of Chelidonium majus and Corydalis cheilanthifolia Extracts against Multidrug-Resistant Helicobacter pylori. Pathogens. 2021; 10 (8):1033.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaweł Krzyżek; Adam Junka; Wojciech Słupski; Arleta Dołowacka-Jóźwiak; Bartosz J. Płachno; Aleksandra Sobiecka; Adam Matkowski; Grzegorz Chodaczek; Tadeusz Płusa; Grażyna Gościniak; Sylwia Zielińska. 2021. "Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial-Enhancing Activity of Chelidonium majus and Corydalis cheilanthifolia Extracts against Multidrug-Resistant Helicobacter pylori." Pathogens 10, no. 8: 1033.
The antimicrobial properties of herbs from Papaveraceae have been used in medicine for centuries. Nevertheless, mutual relationships between the individual bioactive substances contained in these plants remain poorly elucidated. In this work, phytochemical composition of extracts from the aerial and underground parts of five Papaveraceae species (Chelidonium majus L., Corydalis cava (L.) Schweigg. and Körte, C. cheilanthifolia Hemsl., C. pumila (Host) Rchb., and Fumaria vaillantii Loisel.) were examined using LC-ESI-MS/MS with a triple quadrupole analyzer. Large differences in the quality and quantity of all analyzed compounds were observed between species of different genera and also within one genus. Two groups of metabolites predominated in the phytochemical profiles. These were isoquinoline alkaloids and, in smaller amounts, non-phenolic carboxylic acids and phenolic compounds. In aerial and underground parts, 22 and 20 compounds were detected, respectively. These included: seven isoquinoline alkaloids: protopine, allocryptopine, coptisine, berberine, chelidonine, sanguinarine, and chelerythrine; five of their derivatives as well as non-alkaloids: malic acid, trans-aconitic acid, quinic acid, salicylic acid, trans-caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol; and vanillin. The aerial parts were much richer in phenolic compounds regardless of the plant species. Characterized extracts were studied for their antimicrobial potential against planktonic and biofilm-producing cells of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. The impact of the extracts on cellular metabolic activity and biofilm biomass production was evaluated. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts introduced to the polymeric carrier made of bacterial cellulose was assessed. Extracts of C. cheilanthifolia were found to be the most effective against all tested human pathogens. Multiple regression tests indicated a high antimicrobial impact of quercetin in extracts of aerial parts against planktonic cells of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans, and no direct correlation between the composition of other bioactive substances and the results of antimicrobial activity were found. Conclusively, further investigations are required to identify the relations between recognized and unrecognized compounds within extracts and their biological properties.
Sylwia Zielińska; Magdalena Dziągwa-Becker; Adam Junka; Ewelina Piątczak; Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka; Malwina Brożyna; Justyna Paleczny; Aleksandra Sobiecka; Wojciech Słupski; Eleonora Mess; Mariusz Kucharski; Serhat Çiçek; Christian Zidorn; Adam Matkowski. Screening Papaveraceae as Novel Antibiofilm Natural-Based Agents. Molecules 2021, 26, 4778 .
AMA StyleSylwia Zielińska, Magdalena Dziągwa-Becker, Adam Junka, Ewelina Piątczak, Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka, Malwina Brożyna, Justyna Paleczny, Aleksandra Sobiecka, Wojciech Słupski, Eleonora Mess, Mariusz Kucharski, Serhat Çiçek, Christian Zidorn, Adam Matkowski. Screening Papaveraceae as Novel Antibiofilm Natural-Based Agents. Molecules. 2021; 26 (16):4778.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSylwia Zielińska; Magdalena Dziągwa-Becker; Adam Junka; Ewelina Piątczak; Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka; Malwina Brożyna; Justyna Paleczny; Aleksandra Sobiecka; Wojciech Słupski; Eleonora Mess; Mariusz Kucharski; Serhat Çiçek; Christian Zidorn; Adam Matkowski. 2021. "Screening Papaveraceae as Novel Antibiofilm Natural-Based Agents." Molecules 26, no. 16: 4778.
The unique properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) make it of great interest for numerous branches of industry. Nevertheless, the high cost of the dedicated, microbiological medium used for BC production significantly hinders possibility of widespread use. Searching for an alternative, we turned our attention to potato tuber juice (PJ), a major waste product of the potato starch industry. We verified the possibility of using PJ as a cost-effective, ecological-friendly medium that yielded BC with properties equivalent to those from conventional commercial Hestrin-Schramm medium. The BC yield from PJ medium (>4 g/L) was comparable, despite the lack of any pre-treatment. Likewise, the macro- and microstructure, physicochemical parameters, and chemical composition showed no significant differences between PJ and control BC. Importantly, BC obtained from PJ was not cytotoxic against fibroblast cell line L929 in vitro and did not contain any hard-to-remove impurities. These are very important aspects from an application standpoint, particularly in biomedicine. Therefore, we conclude that using PJ for BC biosynthesis is a path towards significant valorization of an environmentally problematic waste product of the starch industry and can help ultimately lower BC production costs. Highlights Potato juice (PJ) was used as a culture medium for cellulose-synthesizing bacteria. PJ was suitable as source of nutrients and did not required any pre-treatment. Yield of BC from PJ was equivalent to that obtained from conventional HS. PJ-BC did not differ from conventionally produced HS-BC in terms of its properties. PJ-BC can be used in the same applications as commercially produced BC. Graphical abstract
Daria Ciecholewska-Juśko; Michał Broda; Anna Żywicka; Daniel Styburski; Peter Sobolewski; Krzysztof Gorący; Paweł Migdał; Adam Junka; Karol Fijałkowski. Potato juice, a starch industry waste, as a cost-effective medium for the biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleDaria Ciecholewska-Juśko, Michał Broda, Anna Żywicka, Daniel Styburski, Peter Sobolewski, Krzysztof Gorący, Paweł Migdał, Adam Junka, Karol Fijałkowski. Potato juice, a starch industry waste, as a cost-effective medium for the biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaria Ciecholewska-Juśko; Michał Broda; Anna Żywicka; Daniel Styburski; Peter Sobolewski; Krzysztof Gorący; Paweł Migdał; Adam Junka; Karol Fijałkowski. 2021. "Potato juice, a starch industry waste, as a cost-effective medium for the biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose." , no. : 1.
The ongoing search for effective treatment of Acne vulgaris is concentrated, i.a., on natural peptides with antimicrobial properties. The aim of this work was the development of new amino acid derivatives with potential activity on dermal infections against selected microorganisms, including the facultative anaerobe C. acne. The peptides P1–P6 were synthesized via Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis using Rink amide AM resin, analyzed by RP-HPLC-MS, FTIR, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and evaluated against C. acne and S. aureus, both deposited and non-deposited in BC. Peptides P1–P6 presented a lack of cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity, or antioxidative properties correlated with selected structural properties. P2 and P4–P6 sorption in BC resulted in variable data, i.a., confirming the prospective topical application of these peptides in a BC carrier.
Iwona Golonka; Katarzyna Greber; Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak; Justyna Paleczny; Andrzej Dryś; Adam Junka; Wiesław Sawicki; Witold Musiał. Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Activity of Newly Synthesized Peptides Absorbed into Bacterial Cellulose Carrier against Acne vulgaris. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 7466 .
AMA StyleIwona Golonka, Katarzyna Greber, Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak, Justyna Paleczny, Andrzej Dryś, Adam Junka, Wiesław Sawicki, Witold Musiał. Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Activity of Newly Synthesized Peptides Absorbed into Bacterial Cellulose Carrier against Acne vulgaris. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (14):7466.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Golonka; Katarzyna Greber; Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak; Justyna Paleczny; Andrzej Dryś; Adam Junka; Wiesław Sawicki; Witold Musiał. 2021. "Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Activity of Newly Synthesized Peptides Absorbed into Bacterial Cellulose Carrier against Acne vulgaris." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 14: 7466.
Thermoresponsive hydrogel-based wound dressings with an incorporated antimicrobial agent can be fabricated employing 3D printing technology. A novel printable ink containing poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) precursors, sodium alginate (ALG), methylcellulose (MC) that is laden with a mixture of octenidine dihydrochloride and 2-phenoxyethanol (Octenisept®, OCT) possess accurate printability and shape fidelity. This study also provides the protocol of ink’s use for the 3D printing of hydrogel scaffolds. The hydrogel’s physicochemical properties and drug release profiles from the hydrogel specimens to the external solution have been determined at two temperatures (20 and 37 °C). The release test showed a sustained OCT delivery into ultrapure water and the PBS solution. The temperature-responsive hydrogel exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and demonstrated non-cytotoxicity towards fibroblasts. The thermoresponsive behavior along with biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and controlled drug release make this hydrogel a promising class of materials for wound dressing applications.
Martyna Nizioł; Justyna Paleczny; Adam Junka; Amin Shavandi; Anna Dawiec-Liśniewska; Daria Podstawczyk. 3D Printing of Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Laden with an Antimicrobial Agent towards Wound Healing Applications. Bioengineering 2021, 8, 79 .
AMA StyleMartyna Nizioł, Justyna Paleczny, Adam Junka, Amin Shavandi, Anna Dawiec-Liśniewska, Daria Podstawczyk. 3D Printing of Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Laden with an Antimicrobial Agent towards Wound Healing Applications. Bioengineering. 2021; 8 (6):79.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartyna Nizioł; Justyna Paleczny; Adam Junka; Amin Shavandi; Anna Dawiec-Liśniewska; Daria Podstawczyk. 2021. "3D Printing of Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Laden with an Antimicrobial Agent towards Wound Healing Applications." Bioengineering 8, no. 6: 79.
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent pathogens associated with several types of biofilm-based infections, including infections of chronic wounds. Mature staphylococcal biofilm is extremely hard to eradicate from a wound and displays a high tendency to induce recurring infections. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate in vitro the interaction between S. aureus biofilm and fibroblast cells searching for metabolites that could be considered as potential biomarkers of critical colonization and infection. Utilizing advanced microscopy and microbiological methods to examine biofilm formation and the staphylococcal infection process, we were able to distinguish 4 phases of biofilm development. The analysis of staphylococcal biofilm influence on the viability of fibroblasts allowed us to pinpoint the moment of critical colonization—12 h post contamination. Based on the obtained model we performed a metabolomics analysis by 1H NMR spectroscopy to provide new insights into the pathophysiology of infection. We identified a set of metabolites related to the switch to anaerobic metabolism that was characteristic for staphylococcal biofilm co-cultured with fibroblast cells. The data presented in this study may be thus considered a noteworthy but preliminary step in the direction of developing a new, NMR-based tool for rapid diagnosing of infection in a chronic wound.
Joanna Czajkowska; Adam Junka; Jakub Hoppe; Monika Toporkiewicz; Andrzej Pawlak; Paweł Migdał; Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak; Karol Fijałkowski; Marcin Śmiglak; Agata Markowska-Szczupak. The Co-Culture of Staphylococcal Biofilm and Fibroblast Cell Line: The Correlation of Biological Phenomena with Metabolic NMR1 Footprint. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 5826 .
AMA StyleJoanna Czajkowska, Adam Junka, Jakub Hoppe, Monika Toporkiewicz, Andrzej Pawlak, Paweł Migdał, Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak, Karol Fijałkowski, Marcin Śmiglak, Agata Markowska-Szczupak. The Co-Culture of Staphylococcal Biofilm and Fibroblast Cell Line: The Correlation of Biological Phenomena with Metabolic NMR1 Footprint. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (11):5826.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoanna Czajkowska; Adam Junka; Jakub Hoppe; Monika Toporkiewicz; Andrzej Pawlak; Paweł Migdał; Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak; Karol Fijałkowski; Marcin Śmiglak; Agata Markowska-Szczupak. 2021. "The Co-Culture of Staphylococcal Biofilm and Fibroblast Cell Line: The Correlation of Biological Phenomena with Metabolic NMR1 Footprint." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11: 5826.
Local administration of antiseptics is required to prevent and fight against biofilm-based infections of chronic wounds. One of the methods used for delivering antiseptics to infected wounds is the application of dressings chemisorbed with antimicrobials. Dressings made of bacterial cellulose (BC) display several features, making them suitable for such a purpose. This work aimed to compare the activity of commonly used antiseptic molecules: octenidine, polyhexanide, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, ethacridine lactate, and hypochlorous solutions and to evaluate their usefulness as active substances of BC dressings against 48 bacterial strains (8 species) and 6 yeast strains (1 species). A silver dressing was applied as a control material of proven antimicrobial activity. The methodology applied included the assessment of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), the modified disc-diffusion method, and the modified antibiofilm dressing activity measurement (A.D.A.M.) method. While in 96-well plate-based methods (MIC and MBEC assessment), the highest antimicrobial activity was recorded for chlorhexidine, in the modified disc-diffusion method and in the modified A.D.A.M test, povidone-iodine performed the best. In an in vitro setting simulating chronic wound conditions, BC dressings chemisorbed with polyhexanide, octenidine, or povidone-iodine displayed a similar or even higher antibiofilm activity than the control dressing containing silver molecules. If translated into clinical conditions, the obtained results suggest high applicability of BC dressings chemisorbed with antiseptics to eradicate biofilm from chronic wounds.
Karolina Dydak; Adam Junka; Agata Dydak; Malwina Brożyna; Justyna Paleczny; Karol Fijalkowski; Grzegorz Kubielas; Olga Aniołek; Marzenna Bartoszewicz. In Vitro Efficacy of Bacterial Cellulose Dressings Chemisorbed with Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Pathogens Isolated from Chronic Wounds. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 3996 .
AMA StyleKarolina Dydak, Adam Junka, Agata Dydak, Malwina Brożyna, Justyna Paleczny, Karol Fijalkowski, Grzegorz Kubielas, Olga Aniołek, Marzenna Bartoszewicz. In Vitro Efficacy of Bacterial Cellulose Dressings Chemisorbed with Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Pathogens Isolated from Chronic Wounds. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (8):3996.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Dydak; Adam Junka; Agata Dydak; Malwina Brożyna; Justyna Paleczny; Karol Fijalkowski; Grzegorz Kubielas; Olga Aniołek; Marzenna Bartoszewicz. 2021. "In Vitro Efficacy of Bacterial Cellulose Dressings Chemisorbed with Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Pathogens Isolated from Chronic Wounds." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8: 3996.
In the article titled “Clinical Trials of Probiotic Strains in Selected Disease Entities” [1], the funding information in the Acknowledgments section should be corrected as follows:
Ruth Dudek-Wicher; Adam Junka; Justyna Paleczny; Marzenna Bartoszewicz. Corrigendum to “Clinical Trials of Probiotic Strains in Selected Disease Entities”. International Journal of Microbiology 2021, 2021, 1 -1.
AMA StyleRuth Dudek-Wicher, Adam Junka, Justyna Paleczny, Marzenna Bartoszewicz. Corrigendum to “Clinical Trials of Probiotic Strains in Selected Disease Entities”. International Journal of Microbiology. 2021; 2021 ():1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRuth Dudek-Wicher; Adam Junka; Justyna Paleczny; Marzenna Bartoszewicz. 2021. "Corrigendum to “Clinical Trials of Probiotic Strains in Selected Disease Entities”." International Journal of Microbiology 2021, no. : 1-1.
Eugenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, also referred to as Citrusin C, is a natural glucoside found among others in cloves, basil and cinnamon plants. Eugenol in a form of free aglycone is used in perfumeries, flavourings, essential oils and in medicinal products. Synthetic Citrusin C was incubated with human saliva in several in vitro models together with substrate-specific enzyme and antibiotics (clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate). Citrusin C was detected using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Citrusin C was completely degraded only when incubated with substrate-specific A. niger glucosidase E.C 3.2.1.21 (control sample) and when incubated with human saliva (tested sample). The addition of antibiotics to the above-described experimental setting, stopped Citrusin C degradation, indicating microbiologic origin of hydrolysis observed. Our results demonstrate that Citrusin C is subjected to complete degradation by salivary/oral cavity microorganisms. Extrapolation of our results allows to state that in the human oral cavity, virtually all β-D-glucosides would follow this type of hydrolysis. Additionally, a new method was developed for an in vivo rapid test of glucosidase activity in the human mouth on the tongue using fluorescein-di-β-D-glucoside as substrate. The results presented in this study serve as a proof of concept for the hypothesis that microbial hydrolysis path of β-D-glucosides begins immediately in the human mouth and releases the aglycone directly into the gastrointestinal tract.
Mariusz Dziadas; Adam Junka; Henryk Jeleń. Human Saliva-Mediated Hydrolysis of Eugenyl-β-D-Glucoside and Fluorescein-di-β-D-Glucoside in In Vivo and In Vitro Models. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 172 .
AMA StyleMariusz Dziadas, Adam Junka, Henryk Jeleń. Human Saliva-Mediated Hydrolysis of Eugenyl-β-D-Glucoside and Fluorescein-di-β-D-Glucoside in In Vivo and In Vitro Models. Biomolecules. 2021; 11 (2):172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariusz Dziadas; Adam Junka; Henryk Jeleń. 2021. "Human Saliva-Mediated Hydrolysis of Eugenyl-β-D-Glucoside and Fluorescein-di-β-D-Glucoside in In Vivo and In Vitro Models." Biomolecules 11, no. 2: 172.
The impact of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) on the microbiomic and pathogenic phenomena occurring in humans and other warm-blooded animals is relatively well-recognized. At the same time, there are scant data concerning the role of E. coli strains in the health and disease of cold-blooded animals. It is presently known that reptiles are common asymptomatic carriers of another human pathogen, Salmonella, which, when transferred to humans, may cause a disease referred to as reptile-associated salmonellosis (RAS). We therefore hypothesized that reptiles may also be carriers of specific E. coli strains (reptilian Escherichia coli, RepEC) which may differ in their genetic composition from the human uropathogenic strain (UPEC) and avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC). Therefore, we isolated RepECs (n = 24) from reptile feces and compared isolated strains’ pathogenic potentials and phylogenic relations with the aforementioned UPEC (n = 24) and APEC (n = 24) strains. To this end, we conducted an array of molecular analyses, including determination of the phylogenetic groups of E. coli, virulence genotyping, Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis-Restriction Analysis (RA-PFGE) and genetic population structure analysis using Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST). The majority of the tested RepEC strains belonged to nonpathogenic phylogroups, with an important exception of one strain, which belonged to the pathogenic group B2, typical of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. This strain was part of the globally disseminated ST131 lineage. Unlike RepEC strains and in line with previous studies, a high percentage of UPEC strains belonged to the phylogroup B2, and the percentage distribution of phylogroups among the tested APEC strains was relatively homogenous, with most coming from the following nonpathogenic groups: C, A and B1. The RA-PFGE displayed a high genetic diversity among all the tested E. coli groups. In the case of RepEC strains, the frequency of occurrence of virulence genes (VGs) was lower than in the UPEC and APEC strains. The presented study is one of the first attempting to compare the phylogenetic structures of E. coli populations isolated from three groups of vertebrates: reptiles, birds and mammals (humans).
Marta Książczyk; Bartłomiej Dudek; Maciej Kuczkowski; Robert O’Hara; Kamila Korzekwa; Anna Wzorek; Agnieszka Korzeniowska-Kowal; Mathew Upton; Adam Junka; Alina Wieliczko; Radosław Ratajszczak; Gabriela Bugla-Płoskońska. The Phylogenetic Structure of Reptile, Avian and Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Particular Reference to Extraintestinal Pathotypes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 1192 .
AMA StyleMarta Książczyk, Bartłomiej Dudek, Maciej Kuczkowski, Robert O’Hara, Kamila Korzekwa, Anna Wzorek, Agnieszka Korzeniowska-Kowal, Mathew Upton, Adam Junka, Alina Wieliczko, Radosław Ratajszczak, Gabriela Bugla-Płoskońska. The Phylogenetic Structure of Reptile, Avian and Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Particular Reference to Extraintestinal Pathotypes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (3):1192.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Książczyk; Bartłomiej Dudek; Maciej Kuczkowski; Robert O’Hara; Kamila Korzekwa; Anna Wzorek; Agnieszka Korzeniowska-Kowal; Mathew Upton; Adam Junka; Alina Wieliczko; Radosław Ratajszczak; Gabriela Bugla-Płoskońska. 2021. "The Phylogenetic Structure of Reptile, Avian and Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Particular Reference to Extraintestinal Pathotypes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3: 1192.
Chronic wounds complicated with biofilm formed by pathogens remain one of the most significant challenges of contemporary medicine. The application of topical antiseptic solutions against wound biofilm has been gaining increasing interest among clinical practitioners and scientific researchers. This paper compares the activity of polyhexanide-, octenidine- and hypochlorite/hypochlorous acid-based antiseptics against biofilm formed by clinical strains of Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The analyses included both standard techniques utilizing polystyrene plates and self-designed biocellulose-based models in which a biofilm formed by pathogens was formed on an elastic, fibrinous surface covered with a fibroblast layer. The obtained results show high antibiofilm activity of polihexanide- and octenidine-based antiseptics and lack or weak antibiofilm activity of hypochlorite-based antiseptic of total chlorine content equal to 80 parts per million. The data presented in this paper indicate that polihexanide- or octenidine-based antiseptics are highly useful in the treatment of biofilm, while hypochlorite-based antiseptics with low chlorine content may be applied for wound rinsing but not when specific antibiofilm activity is required.
Grzegorz Krasowski; Adam Junka; Justyna Paleczny; Joanna Czajkowska; Elżbieta Makomaska-Szaroszyk; Grzegorz Chodaczek; Michał Majkowski; Paweł Migdał; Karol Fijałkowski; Beata Kowalska-Krochmal; Marzenna Bartoszewicz. In Vitro Evaluation of Polihexanide, Octenidine and NaClO/HClO-Based Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Wound Pathogens. Membranes 2021, 11, 62 .
AMA StyleGrzegorz Krasowski, Adam Junka, Justyna Paleczny, Joanna Czajkowska, Elżbieta Makomaska-Szaroszyk, Grzegorz Chodaczek, Michał Majkowski, Paweł Migdał, Karol Fijałkowski, Beata Kowalska-Krochmal, Marzenna Bartoszewicz. In Vitro Evaluation of Polihexanide, Octenidine and NaClO/HClO-Based Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Wound Pathogens. Membranes. 2021; 11 (1):62.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGrzegorz Krasowski; Adam Junka; Justyna Paleczny; Joanna Czajkowska; Elżbieta Makomaska-Szaroszyk; Grzegorz Chodaczek; Michał Majkowski; Paweł Migdał; Karol Fijałkowski; Beata Kowalska-Krochmal; Marzenna Bartoszewicz. 2021. "In Vitro Evaluation of Polihexanide, Octenidine and NaClO/HClO-Based Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Wound Pathogens." Membranes 11, no. 1: 62.
Purpose: The current study examined magnesium alloy AZ31B specimens manufactured with Additive Manufacturing method (selective laser melting – SLM) to investigate the applicability of this technology for the production of medical devices. Methods: Osteoblast cells and bacterial biofilm growth ability on specimen was examined and the effect of surface state on corrosion resistance was evaluated by electrochemical and immersion methods. Results: High survival of hFOB cells, as well as a strong tendency for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm proliferation on the surface of the tested specimens were shown. SLM-processed AZ31B alloy has a higher corrosion resistance in 0.9% NaCl solution and in a multi-electrolyte saline solution than the material in a conventional form of a rolled sheet. Conclusions: It has been demonstrated that the strong development of the surface of as-built processed specimens results in a significantly increased corrosion rate, which hinders the production of complex structures in tissue engineering products that support cell ingrowth.
Andrzej Paweł Pawlak; Patrycja Szymczyk-Ziółkowska; Adam Junka; Edward Chlebus. Biological evaluation of selective laser melted magnesium alloy powder. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics 2021, 23, 1 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Paweł Pawlak, Patrycja Szymczyk-Ziółkowska, Adam Junka, Edward Chlebus. Biological evaluation of selective laser melted magnesium alloy powder. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics. 2021; 23 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Paweł Pawlak; Patrycja Szymczyk-Ziółkowska; Adam Junka; Edward Chlebus. 2021. "Biological evaluation of selective laser melted magnesium alloy powder." Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics 23, no. 1: 1.
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium known mainly of its ability to cause persistent inflammations of the human stomach, resulting in peptic ulcer diseases and gastric cancers. Continuous exposure of this bacterium to antibiotics has resulted in high detection of multidrug-resistant strains and difficulties in obtaining a therapeutic effect. The purpose of the present study was to determine the usability of bacterial cellulose (BC) chemisorbed with 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) or sertraline (SER) to act against lawn H. pylori biofilms. The characterization of BC carriers was made using a N2 adsorption/desorption analysis, tensile strength test, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Determination of an antimicrobial activity was performed using a modified disk-diffusion method and a self-designed method of testing antibacterial activity against biofilm microbial forms. In addition, bacterial morphology was checked by SEM. It was found that BC disks were characterized by a high cross-linking and shear/stretch resistance. Growth inhibition zones for BC disks chemisorbed with 2 mg of SER or 3-BP were equal to 26.5–27.5 mm and 27–30 mm, respectively. The viability of lawn biofilm H. pylori cells after a 4-h incubation with 2 mg SER or 3-BP chemisorbed on BC disks was ≥4 log lower, suggesting their antibacterial effect. SEM observations showed a number of morphostructural changes in H. pylori cells exposed to these substances. Concluding, SER and 3-BP chemisorbed on BC carriers presented a promising antibacterial activity against biofilm H. pylori cells in in vitro conditions.
Paweł Krzyżek; Grażyna Gościniak; Karol Fijałkowski; Paweł Migdał; Mariusz Dziadas; Artur Owczarek; Joanna Czajkowska; Olga Aniołek; Adam Junka. Potential of Bacterial Cellulose Chemisorbed with Anti-Metabolites, 3-Bromopyruvate or Sertraline, to Fight against Helicobacter pylori Lawn Biofilm. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 9507 .
AMA StylePaweł Krzyżek, Grażyna Gościniak, Karol Fijałkowski, Paweł Migdał, Mariusz Dziadas, Artur Owczarek, Joanna Czajkowska, Olga Aniołek, Adam Junka. Potential of Bacterial Cellulose Chemisorbed with Anti-Metabolites, 3-Bromopyruvate or Sertraline, to Fight against Helicobacter pylori Lawn Biofilm. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (24):9507.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaweł Krzyżek; Grażyna Gościniak; Karol Fijałkowski; Paweł Migdał; Mariusz Dziadas; Artur Owczarek; Joanna Czajkowska; Olga Aniołek; Adam Junka. 2020. "Potential of Bacterial Cellulose Chemisorbed with Anti-Metabolites, 3-Bromopyruvate or Sertraline, to Fight against Helicobacter pylori Lawn Biofilm." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 24: 9507.
Objective: A score to identify local wound infections was developed by a panel of experts from seven European countries. The Therapeutic Index for Local Infections (TILI) score was designed for health professionals who are not specialised in wound care. This study was carried out to test the validity of the TILI score in everyday practice. Method: Content validity was analysed by means of evaluation by a panel of experts, individually and face-to-face, followed by a European multicentred, retrospective, observational study. Participating clinicians sent anonymised copies of completed TILI scores for patients with leg ulcers along with a photograph of the wound for analysis by two blinded reviewers. Concordance (Kappa index) and convergent criterion validity (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, Youden's J Index and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) or area under the curve (AUC) curve) were calculated to construct validity and reliability. Results: A total of 307 patients with leg ulcers from seven institutions in five European countries were included in this retrospective analysis. It was shown that the diagnosis of local wound infection could be documented well with five of the six clinical criteria included in the TILI score. By summing up these facultative criteria in comparison with any direct criteria that may be present, there would have been an indication for local antiseptic wound therapy in 22% of patients examined. Conclusions: The results show that the TILI score is concordant with the expert assessment of patients and with good diagnostic characteristics. Thus, the easy-to-use TILI score can now be used in the daily routine practice of health professionals to diagnose local wound infections.
Joachim Dissemond; Robert Strohal; Diego Mastronicola; Eric Senneville; Cécile Moisan; Valerie Edward-Jones; Kirsty Mahoney; Adam Junka; Marzenna Bartoszewicz; José Verdú-Soriano. Therapeutic Index for Local Infections score validity: a retrospective European analysis. Journal of Wound Care 2020, 29, 726 -734.
AMA StyleJoachim Dissemond, Robert Strohal, Diego Mastronicola, Eric Senneville, Cécile Moisan, Valerie Edward-Jones, Kirsty Mahoney, Adam Junka, Marzenna Bartoszewicz, José Verdú-Soriano. Therapeutic Index for Local Infections score validity: a retrospective European analysis. Journal of Wound Care. 2020; 29 (12):726-734.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoachim Dissemond; Robert Strohal; Diego Mastronicola; Eric Senneville; Cécile Moisan; Valerie Edward-Jones; Kirsty Mahoney; Adam Junka; Marzenna Bartoszewicz; José Verdú-Soriano. 2020. "Therapeutic Index for Local Infections score validity: a retrospective European analysis." Journal of Wound Care 29, no. 12: 726-734.
Objective: Local wound infections are a major challenge for patients and health professionals. Various diagnostic and therapeutic options are available. However, a generally accepted standard is still lacking in Europe. The aim was to develop an easy-to-use clinical score for the early detection of local wound infections, as a basis for decision-making on antiseptic therapy or decolonisation. Method: An interdisciplinary and interprofessional panel of experts from seven European countries was brought together to discuss the various aspects of diagnosing local wound infections. Results: The result was the adoption of the Therapeutic Index for Local Infections (TILI) score, developed in Germany by Initiative Chronische Wunden e.V., specifically for health professionals not specialised in wound care. Available in six European languages, the TILI score could also be adapted for different European countries, depending on their specific national healthcare requirements. The six clinical criteria for local wound infection are erythema to surrounding skin; heat; oedema, induration or swelling; spontaneous pain or pressure pain; stalled wound healing; and increase and/or change in colour or smell of exudate. Meeting all criteria indicates that antiseptic wound therapy could be started. Regardless of these unspecific clinical signs, there are also health conditions for the clinical situation which are a direct indication for antimicrobial wound therapy. These include the presence of wound pathogens, such as meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, septic surgical wound or the presence of free pus. Conclusion: The development of the new internationally adapted TILI score, which could also be used by any caregiver in daily practice to diagnose local infections in acute and hard-to-heal wounds, is the result of expert consensus. However, the score system has to be validated through a clinical evaluation. This is to be performed in expert centres throughout Europe.
Joachim Dissemond; Veronika Gerber; Ralf Lobmann; Axel Kramer; Diego Mastronicola; Eric Senneville; Cécile Moisan; Valerie Edwards-Jones; Kirsty Mahoney; Adam Junka; Marzenna Bartoszewicz; José Verdú-Soriano; Robert Strohal. Therapeutic index for local infections score (TILI): a new diagnostic tool. Journal of Wound Care 2020, 29, 720 -726.
AMA StyleJoachim Dissemond, Veronika Gerber, Ralf Lobmann, Axel Kramer, Diego Mastronicola, Eric Senneville, Cécile Moisan, Valerie Edwards-Jones, Kirsty Mahoney, Adam Junka, Marzenna Bartoszewicz, José Verdú-Soriano, Robert Strohal. Therapeutic index for local infections score (TILI): a new diagnostic tool. Journal of Wound Care. 2020; 29 (12):720-726.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoachim Dissemond; Veronika Gerber; Ralf Lobmann; Axel Kramer; Diego Mastronicola; Eric Senneville; Cécile Moisan; Valerie Edwards-Jones; Kirsty Mahoney; Adam Junka; Marzenna Bartoszewicz; José Verdú-Soriano; Robert Strohal. 2020. "Therapeutic index for local infections score (TILI): a new diagnostic tool." Journal of Wound Care 29, no. 12: 720-726.
The problem of hard-to-heal wounds is associated with an increase in the incidence of civilization diseases. Venous leg ulcers, ischemic ulcers and wounds in diabetic foot syndrome are a particular problem, and the early detection of local wound infections is a serious interdisciplinary challenge in everyday practice. Local wound infections are often undetected or detected too late. They can impair physiological wound healing as well as lead to systemic infection and even sepsis. According to the statements that: “The fate of the wounded rests with the one who applies the first dressing” (Col. Nicholas Senna, 1897), and “The responsibility for the patient rests with the doctor who comes to the patient first” (John Murphy, Medical Society, Chicago, 1889) the success of the treatment of infected wounds depends to a particular extent on the prompt and proper response of those who come in contact with the patient first. The purpose of this document is to briefly present issues related to the problem of hard-to-heal wounds, indicate the direction of therapeutic management and diagnostic support for the staff (doctors and nurses) of primary healthcare units, care and treatment institutions and social welfare centers, general physicians and medical careers of patients suffering from hard-to-heal wounds. The developed TILI score is to facilitate the decision whether or not to use antiseptics and/or antimicrobial dressings in the effective therapy of a hard-to-heal wound.
Marzenna Bartoszewicz; Grzegorz Krasowski; Tomasz Banasiewicz; Przemysław Lipiński; Krzysztof Bielecki; Anna Chrapusta; Anna Korzon-Burakowska; Marek Kucharzewski; Bożena Mospan; Zuzanna Konrady; Adam Junka; Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak. Wskaźnik terapeutyczny miejscowego zakażenia rany (TILI) jako przydatne narzędzie w efektywnej pielęgnacji ran niegojących się dla lekarzy i pielęgniarek podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej, lekarzy rodzinnych i personelu zakładów opiekuńczo-leczniczych. Forum Zakażeń 2020, 11, 285 -295.
AMA StyleMarzenna Bartoszewicz, Grzegorz Krasowski, Tomasz Banasiewicz, Przemysław Lipiński, Krzysztof Bielecki, Anna Chrapusta, Anna Korzon-Burakowska, Marek Kucharzewski, Bożena Mospan, Zuzanna Konrady, Adam Junka, Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak. Wskaźnik terapeutyczny miejscowego zakażenia rany (TILI) jako przydatne narzędzie w efektywnej pielęgnacji ran niegojących się dla lekarzy i pielęgniarek podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej, lekarzy rodzinnych i personelu zakładów opiekuńczo-leczniczych. Forum Zakażeń. 2020; 11 (6):285-295.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarzenna Bartoszewicz; Grzegorz Krasowski; Tomasz Banasiewicz; Przemysław Lipiński; Krzysztof Bielecki; Anna Chrapusta; Anna Korzon-Burakowska; Marek Kucharzewski; Bożena Mospan; Zuzanna Konrady; Adam Junka; Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak. 2020. "Wskaźnik terapeutyczny miejscowego zakażenia rany (TILI) jako przydatne narzędzie w efektywnej pielęgnacji ran niegojących się dla lekarzy i pielęgniarek podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej, lekarzy rodzinnych i personelu zakładów opiekuńczo-leczniczych." Forum Zakażeń 11, no. 6: 285-295.
Herein, we present a new test, dubbed AntiBioVol, to be used for the quantitative evaluation of antibiofilm activity of volatile compounds in vitro. AntiBioVol is performed in two 24-well plates using a basic microbiological laboratory equipment. To demonstrate AntiBioVol usability, we have scrutinized the activity of volatilized eucalyptus, tea tree, thyme essential oils, and ethanol (used for method suitability testing) against biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. We have also compared AntiBioVol with the standard disc volatilization method, placing a special stress on evaluating the impact of various technical parameters on the outcomes of the latter method. The obtained results indicate that AntiBioVol allows analyzing the antibiofilm activity of volatile compounds in a high number of repeats and provides semi-quantitative or quantitative results of high repeatability. In comparison to disc volatilization, AntiBioVol is a more space- and cost-effective method that allows analyzing various types of microbial aggregates. Moreover, we have indicated that the possible reasons for the discrepancies in the results obtained by means of the standard disc volatilization method may be related to various parameters of the testing dishes used (height, volume, diameter) and to various volumes of the agar medium applied. In turn, the application of a 24-well plate and a strictly defined AntiBioVol protocol provide a higher control of experimental conditions. Therefore, the application of AntiBioVol may enable an optimization of and introduction of volatile compounds to the fight against infective biofilms.
Malwina Brożyna; Anna Żywicka; Karol Fijałkowski; Damian Gorczyca; Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak; Karolina Dydak; Paweł Migdał; Bartlomiej Dudek; Marzenna Bartoszewicz; Adam Junka. The Novel Quantitative Assay for Measuring the Antibiofilm Activity of Volatile Compounds (AntiBioVol). Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7343 .
AMA StyleMalwina Brożyna, Anna Żywicka, Karol Fijałkowski, Damian Gorczyca, Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak, Karolina Dydak, Paweł Migdał, Bartlomiej Dudek, Marzenna Bartoszewicz, Adam Junka. The Novel Quantitative Assay for Measuring the Antibiofilm Activity of Volatile Compounds (AntiBioVol). Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (20):7343.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalwina Brożyna; Anna Żywicka; Karol Fijałkowski; Damian Gorczyca; Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak; Karolina Dydak; Paweł Migdał; Bartlomiej Dudek; Marzenna Bartoszewicz; Adam Junka. 2020. "The Novel Quantitative Assay for Measuring the Antibiofilm Activity of Volatile Compounds (AntiBioVol)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20: 7343.
In this work, we present a novel ex situ modification of bacterial cellulose (BC) polymer, that significantly improves its ability to absorb water after drying. The method involves a single inexpensive and easy-to-perform process of BC crosslinking, using citric acid along with catalysts, such as disodium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate or their mixtures. In particular, the mixture of disodium phosphate and sodium bicarbonate was the most promising, yielding significantly greater water capacity (over 5 times higher as compared to the unmodified BC) and slower water release (over 6 times as compared to the unmodified BC). Further, our optimized crosslinked BC had over 1.5x higher water capacity than modern commercial dressings dedicated to highly exuding wounds, while exhibiting no cytotoxic effects against fibroblast cell line L929 in vitro. Therefore, our novel BC biomaterial may find application in super-absorbent dressings, designed for chronic wounds with imbalanced moisture level.
Daria Ciecholewska-Juśko; Anna Żywicka; Adam Junka; Radosław Drozd; Peter Sobolewski; Paweł Migdał; Urszula Kowalska; Monika Toporkiewicz; Karol Fijałkowski. Superabsorbent crosslinked bacterial cellulose biomaterials for chronic wound dressings. Carbohydrate Polymers 2020, 253, 117247 .
AMA StyleDaria Ciecholewska-Juśko, Anna Żywicka, Adam Junka, Radosław Drozd, Peter Sobolewski, Paweł Migdał, Urszula Kowalska, Monika Toporkiewicz, Karol Fijałkowski. Superabsorbent crosslinked bacterial cellulose biomaterials for chronic wound dressings. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2020; 253 ():117247.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaria Ciecholewska-Juśko; Anna Żywicka; Adam Junka; Radosław Drozd; Peter Sobolewski; Paweł Migdał; Urszula Kowalska; Monika Toporkiewicz; Karol Fijałkowski. 2020. "Superabsorbent crosslinked bacterial cellulose biomaterials for chronic wound dressings." Carbohydrate Polymers 253, no. : 117247.
Advances in the design of potential bone‐selective drugs for the treatment of various bone‐related diseases are creating exciting new directions for multiple unmet medical needs. For bone‐related cancers, off‐target/non‐bone toxicities with current drugs represent a significant barrier to the quality of life of affected patients. For bone infections and osteomyelitis, bacterial biofilms on infected bones limit the efficacy of antibiotics because it is hard to access the bacteria with current approaches. Promising new experimental approaches to therapy, based on bone‐targeting of drugs, have been used in animal models of these conditions and demonstrate improved efficacy and safety. The success of these drug‐design strategies bodes well for the development of therapies with improved efficacy for the treatment of diseases affecting the skeleton.
Shuting Sun; Jianguo Tao; Parish P. Sedghizadeh; Philip Cherian; Adam F. Junka; Esmat Sodagar; Lianping Xing; Robert K. Boeckman; Venkatesan Srinivasan; Zhenqiang Yao; Brendan F. Boyce; Brea Lipe; Jeffrey D. Neighbors; R. Graham G. Russell; Charles E. McKenna; Frank H. Ebetino. Bisphosphonates for delivering drugs to bone. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 2020, 178, 2008 -2025.
AMA StyleShuting Sun, Jianguo Tao, Parish P. Sedghizadeh, Philip Cherian, Adam F. Junka, Esmat Sodagar, Lianping Xing, Robert K. Boeckman, Venkatesan Srinivasan, Zhenqiang Yao, Brendan F. Boyce, Brea Lipe, Jeffrey D. Neighbors, R. Graham G. Russell, Charles E. McKenna, Frank H. Ebetino. Bisphosphonates for delivering drugs to bone. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism. 2020; 178 (9):2008-2025.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShuting Sun; Jianguo Tao; Parish P. Sedghizadeh; Philip Cherian; Adam F. Junka; Esmat Sodagar; Lianping Xing; Robert K. Boeckman; Venkatesan Srinivasan; Zhenqiang Yao; Brendan F. Boyce; Brea Lipe; Jeffrey D. Neighbors; R. Graham G. Russell; Charles E. McKenna; Frank H. Ebetino. 2020. "Bisphosphonates for delivering drugs to bone." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 178, no. 9: 2008-2025.
Corydalis and Pseudofumaria are two closely related genera from the Papaveraceae subfamily Fumarioideae with Corydalis solida (C. solida) and Pseudofumaria lutea (P. lutea) as two representative species. Phytochemical analysis revealed significant differences in the quality and quantity of isoquinoline alkaloids, phenolic compounds and non-phenolic carboxylic acids between aerial and underground parts of both species. Using the Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) technique, 21 compounds were identified: five protoberberine derivatives, three protopine derivatives, four phenanthridine derivatives, as well as three carboxylic acids, two hydroxycinnamic acids, one chlorogenic acid, one phenolic aldehyde, and two flavonoids. Moroever, significant differences in the content of individual compounds were observed between the two studied species. The phytochemical profile of C. solida showed a higher variety of compounds that were present in lower amounts, whereas P. lutea extracts contained fewer compounds but in larger quantities. Protopine was one of the most abundant constituents in C. solida (440–1125 µg/g d.w.) and in P. lutea (1036–1934 µg/g d.w.). Moreover, considerable amounts of coptisine (1526 µg/g) and quercetin (3247 µg/g) were detected in the aerial parts of P. lutea. Extracts from aerial and underground parts of both species were also examined for the antimicrobial potential against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. P. lutea herb extract was the most effective (MIC at 0.39 mg/L) against all three pathogens.
Sylwia Zielińska; Magdalena Dziągwa-Becker; Ewelina Piątczak; Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka; Malwina Brożyna; Adam Junka; Mariusz Kucharski; Serhat Sezai ÇİÇek; Christian Zidorn; Adam Matkowski. Phytochemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Corydalis solida and Pseudofumaria lutea. Molecules 2020, 25, 3591 .
AMA StyleSylwia Zielińska, Magdalena Dziągwa-Becker, Ewelina Piątczak, Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka, Malwina Brożyna, Adam Junka, Mariusz Kucharski, Serhat Sezai ÇİÇek, Christian Zidorn, Adam Matkowski. Phytochemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Corydalis solida and Pseudofumaria lutea. Molecules. 2020; 25 (16):3591.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSylwia Zielińska; Magdalena Dziągwa-Becker; Ewelina Piątczak; Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka; Malwina Brożyna; Adam Junka; Mariusz Kucharski; Serhat Sezai ÇİÇek; Christian Zidorn; Adam Matkowski. 2020. "Phytochemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Corydalis solida and Pseudofumaria lutea." Molecules 25, no. 16: 3591.