This research successfully demonstrated a facile, effective and scalable preparation of BaTiO₃ nanowires (BT-NWs) via the template-free salt flux assisted method. High-performance lead-free flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator using BT-NWs was proposed in this work.

This study introduced a new facile roughness fabrication method for the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). Solid salt was applied to induce the macroscopic triangle-like roughness on material surface in which the density could be controlled. Additionally, the roughness effect on the electrical property of TENG was investigated. Three roughness fabrication techniques were designed to make textures for TENG materials by producing certain roughness formations. The highest electrical outputs (voltage and current) were found in the device designed for matching the roughness textures. Both output voltage and current increased by about 3 times when compared with the non-textured device. The increase of electrical outputs of TENG was due to the increase of roughness area, leading to more triboelectric charge generation. This work presented a new feasible fabrication technique and suggested a scheme to engineer the roughness for enhancing the TENG performance, which is crucial for TENG-based device development and practical use in the future.

In this paper, titanium dioxide nanosheets (Ti _0.91 O ₂ NSs) were incorporated into bacterial cellulose (BC) film for dielectric property tuning while maintaining the flexibility of the resulting composite paper. By taking advantage of the improved dielectric constant, the nanosheets/BC composites were employed as capacitive sensors. The fabricated devices showed the highest sensing performance of ∼2.44 × 10 ⁻³ kPa ⁻¹ from 0 to 30 N when incorporating as little as 3 vol% of Ti _0.91 O ₂ NSs (or ∼2 wt% Ti). Stable operation and high robustness of the sensor were demonstrated, where simple human motions could be efficiently monitored. This study provided a route for preparing flexible and low-cost BC composite paper for capacitive sensor. The strategy for enhancing the dielectric properties as well as sensing performances of the BC demonstrated herein will be essential for the future development of biocompatible, low-cost, and eco-friendly wearable electronics.