Background. The barley collection at the N.I. Vavilov AllRussian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), being the main source of source material for breeding, is insufficiently studied under conditions of extreme continental climate. The purpose of the research was to assess the adaptability of barley cultivars held by VIR to extreme continentality.Material and methods. The research targets were 24 barley cultivars representing various breeding centers and tolerance regions of Russia. The cultivar ‘Omsky 91’ developed at Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center was used as the reference.Results and discussion. According to the genetic profiles for alleles of hordein-coding loci, provided by the Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, more than 70% of the studied barley cultivars (‘Chelyabinsky 99’, ‘Priazovsky 9’, ‘Zadel’, ‘Sokol’, ‘Zernogradsky 584’, ‘Zadonsky 8’, ‘Khadzhibey’, ‘Beatrice’, ‘Knyazhich’, ‘Zevs’, ‘Kazak’) were linear in their hordein-coding loci. The homeostasis of the cultivars, their stability indices and plasticity levels were calculated. Their intensity measures and selection differentials were determined.Conclusion. The adaptability assessment based on the sum of ranks (calculated using the abovementioned adaptability parameters) showed that the monomorphic cultivars ‘Priazovsky 9’ and ‘Chelyabinsky 99’ as well as cv. ‘Severyanin’ (not listed in the State Register for Selection Achievements) were most adapted to extreme continental climate conditions (sums of ranks ranged from 8 to 29). The adaptability of the identified cultivars was confirmed by high-yielding hybrid populations produced from crossing the selected adaptable cv. ‘Chelyabinsky 99’ with cvs. ‘Omsky 91’ and ‘Omsky 95’ released by Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center. The obtained lines demonstrated higher yields than both the mean yield of the parent cultivars (+1.20 t/ha) and the yield of the best parent cultivar (+0.76 t/ha).

The purpose of the current study was to determine the correlation between adaptability parameters of the spring barley varieties and grain productivity and the main indicators of its quality. The study was conducted from 2011 to 2019 in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The protein percentage in grain, raw oil, starch and husk content of grain were determined according to the Pleshkov and Berkutova methods. The mathematical processing was carried out according to the methodology of Dospekhov, Eberhard and Russell. According to the trial, low productivity of spring barley was recorded in 2012, 2013 and 2016 (2.36–2.92 t/ha) with low values of the index of environmental conditions (-1.32; -1.88). Higher productivity was recorded in 2011, 2015, 2018 and 2019 (5.26-5.89 t/ha), with high values of the index of environmental conditions (1.02–1.65). The productivity of the standard variety ‘Omskiy 95’ varied from 2.11 t/ha (in 2016) to 5.91 t/ha (in 2015). The varieties ‘Sibirskiy Avangard’, ‘Sasha’, ‘Omskiy 100’ exceeded the standard variety (+0.47; +1.97 t/ha to standard). An increased content of raw oil in grain was recorded in the varieties ‘Omskiy 9’1 and ‘Sasha’ (0.4-0.6% to standard). The varieties ‘Omskiy 91’, ‘Sibirskiy Avangard’, ‘Omskiy 90’, ‘Omskiy 96’ and ‘Omskiy 100’ were characterized by a reduced husk content of grain (-0.7; -1.4% to standard). The barley varieties ‘Sibirskiy Avangard’ and ‘Sasha’ (bi > 1; σ2 d < 1) were highly responsive and stable to improving environmental conditions. The improvement of adaptability (bi) of barley varieties did not have a significant effect on grain productivity and quality (r = 0.109±0.020 and 0.232±0.035). The stability (σ2 d) of the varieties was characterized by an average direct correlation with starch content in grain (r = 0.429±0.120), a strong direct correlation with oil content in grain (r = 0.656±0.105). There was identified an average inverse correlation between stability (σ2 d) and protein and husk content in grain (r = -0.399±0.060 and -0.447±0.055). There was a weak correlation with productivity (r = -0.204±0.040).

Background. The objective of the research was to identify promising genotypes of malting barley in the source material developed at Omsk Agricultural Scientific Center.Material and methods. The studies were carried out from 2017 to 2020. in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The target material included 13 lines: Sasha × Getman (2 lines), Sasha × Margret, Podarok Sibiri × Getman (3 lines), Omsky 95 × Beatrice (3 lines), Omsky 95 × Despina, Omsky 95 × Viva, Omsky 100 × Margret, and Omsky 90 × Margret. Biochemical assessment of grain quality for brewing qualities was carried out jointly with Nemchinovka Federal Research Center according to GOST 5060-86 (Bаrley for brewing. Specifications).Results and discussion. The most promising were the lines demonstrating increased yield (5.39–6.21 t/ha) and reduced mass fraction of protein (11.39–11.92%): Sasha × Getman (1), Sasha × Getman (2), Omsky 90 × Margret, Omsky 95 × Beatrice (2), Omsky 95 × Beatrice (3), and Omsky 95 × Despina. Besides, these lines had a set of the following brewing characteristics: grain evenness (98.7–99.95); grain filminess (9.3–9.9%), 1000 grain weight (55.6–57.0 g), grain extractivity (78.1 and 78.9%), mass fraction of starch (55,35–56.83%), color (0.15–0.30 EBC units), and malt vitreousness (0.0–3.0%).Conclusion., The lines Sasha × Getman (1) and (2), Omsky 90 × Margret, Omsky 95 × Beatrice (2) and (3), Omsky 95 × Despina are recommended for further research.

Photosynthetic activity - as a factor in the formation of yield and quality of the new grain fodder oat variety Irtysh 33 Фотосинтетическая активность как фактор формирования урожайности и качества нового зернофуражного сорта овса Иртыш 33

Newly developed varieties should be not only highly productive, but also adaptable. In this regard, the Omsk Agricultural Center is certainly one of the leaders in spring barley breeding (23 varieties have been created). New varieties should meet both the current needs of agricultural producers and agro-technological requirements in accordance with the achievements of science and production. In this regard, the purpose of the current study was to determine adaptability parameters of the Omsk barley varieties. There have been presented the study results of 2015–2019. The objects of the study were the two-row hulled varieties and lines ‘Omsky 95’ (standard), ‘Sasha’, ‘Podarok Sibiri’, ‘Omsky 100’, ‘Omsky 101’, ‘Medikum 4867’, ‘Nutans 4883’, ‘Nutans 4812’; the multi-row hulled varieties and lines ‘Omsk 99’ (standard), ‘Rikotense 4885’, ‘Pallidum 4861’; the multi-row hulles varieties and lines ‘Omsk golozerny 2’ (standard), ‘Omsk golozerny 4’. There have been estimated such adaptability parameters as coefficient of adaptability (according to Zhivotkov), coefficient of responsiveness to favorable growing conditions (according to Zykin), stress resistance and compensatory ability (according to Goncharenko), adaptability (according to Baransky and Gryaznov), trait variability and coefficient of agronomic stability (according to Dospekhov). The final estimation of the response of varieties to cultivation conditions had to be carried out by the sum of the ranks, taking into account that the first rank was the highest. The studied varieties were characterized by productivity of 5.2±0.97 t/ha. There was identified a significant increase for all varieties (+0.13…+0.90 t/ha to standard). The greatest contribution to the yield variation was made by the year conditions (65%); the share of a variety genotype effect was 19%. According to the sum of ranks, for the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia, the most adaptive varieties among the two-row hulled varieties and lines were ‘Sasha’, ‘Omsky 100’, ‘Omsky 101’ and ‘Nutans 4883’ (sum of ranks = 45–49). Among multi-row hulled varieties and lines it was ‘Rikotense 4885’ (sum of ranks = 46). Among the multi-row hulles varieties and lines they were ‘Omsk golozerny 2’ (standard), ‘Omsk golozerny 4’ (sum of ranks = 86 and 87).

Background. Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center is a comprehensive scientific institution that carries out research in promising areas in the field of agricultural production. When creating varieties with the given parameters, it is important for the breeder to choose the right parental forms, in connection with which each breeding laboratory maintains a collection of samples - both local and foreign and foreign selection. Purpose: to assess the significance of samples of the collection nursery for the creation of barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare L.) in the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center. Materials and methods. The object of research was the barley varieties of the VIR collection, various breeding centers. Genetic passports for the alleles of hordeincoding loci in barley varieties are presented on the official website of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilov Institute of General Genetics. Results. The barley varieties of the collection nursery are mainly represented by monomorphic varieties; the standard variety Omskiy 95 (Hrd A281 B1+8 F1+2) and Taler (Hrd A18 B21+67 F1+2) are heterogeneous. The difference of varieties by biotypes was not reflected in the difference in their productivity and grain quality. The varieties of the collection nursery were mainly characterized by reduced productivity and grain quality in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. Conclusion. According to the complex of characteristics of productivity and quality of grain, varieties were selected that are recommended for further research: Aley, Khadzhibey, Taler, Olenyok, Abalak, Emelya, Isabella. The cultivars of the collection nursery Odessa 100 and Donetsk 8 are the parent varieties of the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center cultivars, Omsk 91, Omskiy golozerniy 2 and Sasha, which have become widespread. The relatedness of these cultivars in terms of gliadin spectra was revealed. EDN: NGJWGO